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(每日一练)全国通用版高中英语必修一Unit5LanguagesAroundtheWorld知识总结例题
单选题
1、Later in this chapter the case will be introduced to readers ______ consumers’ support became a stream of motivation for improvement of the company.
A.whoB.whenC.whichD.where
答案:D
考查定语从句关系词。句意:之后,在这章中,这种案例将会被介绍给读者,在这种案例中,消费者的支持变成了对于公司提升的一股激励的清泉。A. who谁,指代人;B. when什么时候,指代时间;C. which哪一个,指代物;D. where什么地方,指代地点。分析从句结构,主语consumers’ support消费者的支持,系动词became变成,表语a stream of motivation一股激励的清泉,结构完整,考虑关系副词。限制性定语从句修饰主句先行词case,在从句中作状语成分in the case,表示抽象地点,故选D。
2、The White Horse Temple, ________ back to the Eastern Han Dynasty, has a history of more than 1,900 years.
A.datesB.datedC.datingD.to date
答案:C
考查非谓语动词辨析。句意:白马寺始建于东汉,距今已有1900多年的历史。分析句子可知,date在句子中不作谓语,且与其逻辑主语The White Horse Temple是主动关系,所以用现在分词形式作状语。故选C项。
3、Companies should understand the risks _______ they are exposed and monitor their control environments adequately.
A.on whichB.in whichC.to whichD.with which
答案:C
考查定语从句。句意:公司应该了解他们所面临的风险,并充分监控他们的控制环境。分析句子,此处考查介词+关系代词引导定语从句时,介词的选择。从句中的动词expose译为“使…曝光”,根据句意译为“暴露于”为expose…to,是固定搭配。to 可提至关系代词which前。故选C 项。
4、It is one of the most surprising moments in Oscars history ________actor Will Smith walked on stage and slapped Chris Rock for a joke ________ Rock made about Smith’s wife’s hair.
A.which...thatB.that...whenC.when...thatD.that...which
答案:C
考查定语从句。句意:这是奥斯卡历史上最令人惊讶的时刻之一,演员Will Smith走上舞台,打了Chris Rock一巴掌,因为Rock对Smith妻子的头发开了个玩笑。根据句意及句子结构可知,第一空是定语从句,先行词是moments,在从句中作时间状语,用关系副词when引导。第二空考查定语从句,引导词指代先行词a joke,在从句中作宾语,引导词应填that/which/不填。故选C。
5、Offered the position of CEO, Mr Smith_________, preferring to keep his current job.
A.struggledB.declinedC.appliedD.charged
答案:B
考查动词词义辨析。句意:在获得首席执行官这一职位后,史密斯拒绝了,他更愿意保持目前的工作。A. struggled 挣扎;B.declined拒绝;C. applied申请;D. charged 控诉,收费,充电。根据空格后可知,Mr. Smith更愿意保持当前的工作,可知他拒绝了CEO这个职位。故选B项。
6、Perhaps what is significant is the way ________ people have worked in harmony with nature to make terraces and grow rice.
A.on whichB.by whichC.in whichD.with which
答案:C
考查定语从句。句意:也许最重要的是人们与自然和谐相处去建造这些梯田、种植水稻的方式。分析句子结合句意可知,空处引导一个定语从句,先行词是the way,意为“方式”,指事物,短语“in the way”表示“用……方式”,所以此处应用介词in + which引导从句。故选C。
7、She brought her three friends to the party, none of ________ I had ever met before.
A.themB.whoC.whomD.which
答案:C
考查定语从句。句意:她带了她的三个朋友来参加聚会,我以前都没见过他们。此处为非限制性定语从句,修饰先行词friends,且作介词of的宾语,指人,应用关系代词whom。故选C。
8、The book I have chosen is Fu Lei’s Family Letters ______ he shared his views about art and life.
A.thatB.whoseC.whereD.who
答案:C
考查定语从句。句意:我选择的书是《傅雷的家书》,他在书中分享了他对艺术和生活的看法。句中先行词为Fu Lei’s Family Letters,在定语从句中作地点状语,所以用关系副词where引导。故选C。
9、Usually, there is an interval between the two parts of the concert _____ the audience can buy something to eat or have a rest.
A.thatB.whichC.whenD.where
答案:C
考查定语从句关系词。句意:通常,音乐会的两个部分之间有一段时间间隔,观众可以买点东西吃或休息。此处是定语从句,先行词是an interval,在从句中做时间状语,用关系副词when。故选C项。
10、He has been preparing for the conference since last week ________ he will deliver a speech on the reform of the company.
A.whereB.thatC.whenD.which
答案:A
考查定语从句。句意:从上周开始,他一直在为会议做准备,他将在会上就公司的改革发表演讲。分析句子可知,此处引导限制性定语从句,先行词为the conference,在从句中作地点状语,意为“在会上”,所以此处用关系副词where引导从句。故选A。
11、Adults, ________overly concerned with fame and fortune, sometimes fail to see the joy in simple things ________ children do not.
A.unless … butB.although … and
C.when … whereD.even if … unless
答案:C
考查状语从句和定语从句。句意:当成年人过度关注名利时,有时看不到简单事物中的快乐,而孩子们则不会如此。A. unless … but 除非…… 但是;B. although … and 尽管……和;C. when … where 时候…… 哪里;D. even if … unless甚至……除非。分析句子结构及结合句意可知,该句主句是 Adults, sometimes fail to see the joy in simple things,其中间是一个时间状语从句,后面是一个定语从句;其中,时间状语从句省略句表示“当成年人过度关注名利时”,应该用连接副词when引导;定语从句(simple things ________ children do not fail to see the joy)中先行词是simple things,在从句中做地点状语,应该用关系副词where引导。故选C项。
12、He has reached a point of his life________he is supposed to make decisions of his own.
A.whichB.whereC.howD.why
答案:B
考查定语从句。句意:他已经到了应该自己做决定的人生阶段。分析句子结构可知,空格处引导限定性定语从句,先行词“point of his life”是抽象地点,在从句中作地点状语,应用关系副词where引导。故选B。
13、The man ________ you borrowed the camera has left for New York.
A.whoB.from whomC.to whoD.that
答案:B
考查定语从句。句意:你向他借相机的那个人已经去纽约了。分析句子可知,句子为限制性定语从句,先行词为“man”,句中涉及固定短语“borrow sth. from sb.”,意为“向某人借某物”,先行词“man”在从句中作“from”的宾语,指人,故应用“介词from+关系代词whom”引导从句,空格处应填“from whom”。故选B项。
14、________ he goes, he brings happiness and laughter to people.
A.WhereverB.WhicheverC.HoweverD.Whatever
答案:A
考查状语从句。句意:无论他去到哪儿,他都会把欢笑和快乐带给人们。A. Wherever无论哪儿; B. Whichever 无论哪一个;C. However 无论怎样,然而;D. Whatever无论什么。由句意可知,这是一个让步状语从句,缺少地点状语,所以应使用wherever(无论哪儿)引导从句,表示“无论他去到哪儿”,故选A项。
15、Unsuccessful people can always find reasons ________ they’re not doing well.
A.for whichB.thatC.of whichD.where
答案:A
考查定语从句。句意:没有成功的人总是能找到他们做不好的理由。分析句子结构可知,空格前reasons作先行词,空格处应填定语从句的引导词,分析从句成分可知,从句中缺少状语,所以应用why或for which引导定语从句。故选A。
16、The way ________ you used to make fire ________ right.
A./, proved
B.that, was proved
C.in which, proved
D.what, has been proved
答案:A
考查定语从句和prove用法。句意:你使用的生火方法证明是对的。分析句子可知,第一空引导定语从句,修饰先行词way,其意为“方式”,定语从句引导词可用that或in which,也可省略;第二空用prove作连系动词,其意为“证明是,结果是”,后接形容词right作表语,根据句意,应用一般过去时态。故选A项。
17、Despite such a big difference in ______ towards what one eats, there is no doubt that people in the west regard the Chinese food as something special.
A.attitudeB.meansC.pointD.sight
答案:A
考查名词词义辨析。句意:尽管人们对吃什么的态度有很大的不同,但毫无疑问,西方人认为中国菜很特别。A.attitude 态度;B. means方法;C. point 观点;D. sight 视野,视力。短语attitude towards 表示“对……的态度”符合句意。故选A项。
18、Would you mind if I ________you a personal question?
A.askB.askingC.will askedD.asked
答案:D
考查虚拟语气。句意:你介意我问你一个私人问题吗?在“Would you mind if 从句”句型中,从句谓语常用一般过去时进行虚拟,故选D。
19、The Rainbow Bookstore, ______ 50 years ago, was closing, ______ made me heartbroken.
A.dated back to; whichB.dating back to; which
C.dating from; whenD.dates from; when
答案:B
考查非谓语和定语从句。句意:可以追溯到50年前的彩虹书店要关了,这让我心碎了。根据句子结构和意思可知,第一空考查动词短语“date back to”的现在分词形式作后置定语,该短语没有被动形式,只有主动形式,所以用现在分词形式作后置定语;第二个空考查定语从句,先行词是整个主句“The Rainbow Bookstore, ______ 50 years ago, was closing”的内容,在非限制性定语从句“______ made me heartbroken”中做主语,所以用关系代词which。故选B。
20、There will be much joy in family reunion dinners, as elders have the chance to________, and see________the wonder of the festive season through the eyes of younger generations.
A.reconnect … awakeB.reflect … aflame
C.relate … afreshD.reminisce … anew
答案:D
考查动词、形容词和副词词义辨析。句意:在团圆饭中会有很多欢乐,因为老人们有机会回忆,并通过年轻一代的眼睛重新看到节日的奇迹。A. reconnect再联合,再连接 … awake醒着的; B. reflect 反思,反应,反射… aflame涨红了脸,发亮地;C. relate 使有联系… afresh重新开始;D. reminisce 回忆,追忆… anew重新,再。根据句意可知,第一空处指老人们有机会追忆节日的氛围,用reminisce符合题意;第二空用副词anew修饰动词see,表示通过年轻一代的眼睛重新看到节日的奇迹。故选D。
21、He is an expert on rice planting ______ the local Zhuang people have learnt a lot.
A.by whichB.from whomC.by whomD.from which
答案:B
考查定语从句。句意:他是一个水稻种植专家,当地的壮族人从他那儿已经学会了很多。分析句子成分可知,这是一个限制性定语从句,先行词expert,意为“专家”;又根据固定搭配learn sth. from sb. 意为“从某人那儿学到……”,所以应该用介词from;因此本句中,先行词为expert,指人,关系代词放在介词之后只能用whom,做定语从句的介词宾语。故选B项。
22、The reason ________ he has been such a success is________he never gives up.
A.why, becauseB.that, whatC.that, thatD.why, that
答案:D
考查定语从句和表语从句。句意:他如此成功的原因是他从不放弃。分析句子结构可知,“he has been such a success”是定语从句,从句中不缺主语或宾语,先行词reason是原因,因此第一空用关系副词why,“he never gives up”是表语从句,从句中不缺主语或宾语,且句子意思完整,因此第二空用that引导表语从句,故选D。
23、Notices in the waiting room requested that you can neither smoke ________ shout loudly.
A.andB.orC.soD.nor
答案:D
考查并列连词辨析。句意:候车室里的告示要求你不能抽烟,也不能大声喊叫。A. and和,跟;B. or或者;C. so所以;D. nor也不。由语意可知,告示应要求人们既不能吸烟,也不能大声喊叫。neither… nor…为固定搭配,表示“既不…也不…”。故选D项。
24、Mr. Smith owned this oil painting until the early 1990s, ________ he gave it to his grandson.
A.whichB.whenC.thatD.on which
答案:B
考查定语从句。句意:史密斯先生一直拥有这幅油画,直到20世纪90年代初,那时候他把它送给了孙子。句中包含定语从句,先行词是the early 1990s,在定语从句中作时间状语,用关系副词when引导。故选B。
25、The man ________ you shook hands just now is our new English teacher.
A.with whomB.whomC.with whichD.which
答案:A
考查定语从句。句意:你刚才和他握手的那个人是我们的新英语老师。分析句子结构可知,______ you shook hands just now为定语从句,shake hands with sb.为固定用法,先行词the man,指人,在定语从句中作介词with的宾语,需用关系代词whom引导。故选A。
26、Is it the school ________ you once studied for two years ________ will be rebuilt with the help of the Hope Project?
A.where; thatB.that; whichC.when; whichD.which; that
答案:A
考查定语从句和强调句。句意:在希望工程的帮助下将要重建的是你曾经学习过两年的学校吗?第一空,分析句子结构,此题考查定语从句。先行词为school,从句中缺少地点状语,应填关系副词where引导,第二空,“is it+被强调部分+that+句子其他成分”为强调句的疑问句形式,应填that。故填A。
27、When you meet new words while reading, you can __________ your dictionary.
A.infer fromB.look upC.look intoD.refer to
答案:D
考查动词短语辨析。句意:当你阅读时遇到生词,可以参考字典。A. infer from从……推断出;B. look up查阅;C. look into调查;D. refer to参考、提及。结合句意表示“参考”应用refer to。而look up后应加要查的内容。故选D项。
28、That was the office _________ they could look out to the sea.
A.from whichB.from whereC.thatD.which
答案:A
考查介词+关系代词引导定语从句。句意:那就是他们可以眺望大海的办公室。分析句子结构可知“they could look out to the sea”是做定语修饰office,所以它是定语从句,分析从句结构可知,句子成分完整,所以应用关系副词where引导从句,而where = from which。故选A项。
29、Because of COVD-19, days are gone ________ local 5-star hotels charged 5,000 yuan for one night.
A.ifB.whenC.whichD.since
答案:B
考查连词。句意:受新冠肺炎疫情影响,当地5星级酒店一晚5000元的日子已经一去不复返了。分析句子可知,此处引导分割式限制性定语从句,先行词为days,关系副词when引导从句,在从句中作时间状语,相当于during which,意为“在那时”。故选B项。
30、The president of Harvard pioneered the elective system______ students were able to choose their own courses of study.
A.on whichB.about whichC.to whichD.by which
答案:D
考查定语从句。句意:哈佛大学的校长率先推出了选修课,学生可以选择自己的课程。此处为“介词+关系代词”结构定语从句修饰先行词system,且根据此处表示“学生可以借助系统选择自己的课程”,表示“借助”应用介词by,做介词的宾语且指“系统”应用关系代词which。故选D。
完成句子
31、读书开阔了我的视野,并且让我对自己的世界有了全新的看法。
Reading books broadened my horizons and gave me a new_________________on my own world.
答案:point of view
考查名词短语。对比中英文句子可知,空格处意为“看法”,是名词短语point of view,空前有a,空格处用单数,故填point of view。
32、巨石阵是世界上最著名的史前遗迹之一,可追溯到5000多年前。
Stonehenge is one of the world’s most famous prehistoric monuments ________ over 5,000 years.
答案:dating back to
考查非谓语动词。根据汉语提示,表示“追溯到”,应该使用动词短语date back to。分析句子,句中is为谓语动词,故date back to应该使用非谓语动词。句中Stonehenge和date back to之间是主动关系故应该使用现在分词作后置定语,故答案为dating back to。
33、这座小镇的历史可以追溯到中世纪。
The history of the town_____________ the Middle Ages.
答案:dates back to / dates from / goes back to
考查短语和时态。对比中英文句子,空处为句子谓语,涉及短语“追溯到”date back to/ date from/go back to,主语不可数,且陈述客观事实,谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填dates back to / dates from / goes back to。
34、你能想象你没有朋友的状态吗?
Can you imagine such____________?
答案:positions where you have no friends
定语从句和时态。根据句意及所给句子可知,“状态”使用名词positions,作先行词,在定语从句中作抽象地点状语,后面使用where引导的限定性定语从句,“你没有朋友”译为you have no friends。为一般现在时。故填positions where you have no friends。
35、如果你能就如何解决这些问题给我一些建议,我将不胜感激。
I would _________________ you could give me some advice on how to solve these problems.
答案:appreciate it if
考查固定句型。对比中英文句子可知,空格处意为“如果……将不胜感激”,是固定句型would appreciate it if,其中it是形式宾语,if引导真正的宾语从句。故填appreciate it if。
36、Building the terraces therefore meant that they could increase the areas ________ they could grow rice.
因此,建造梯田意味着他们能够扩大水稻种植的面积。
答案:in which/where
考查定语从句。分析句子可知,句子为限制性定语从句,先行词为“areas”,在从句中作地点状语,故应用关系副词“where”引导从句,或用“介词in+关系代词which”引导从句,即“they could grow rice in the areas”。故填in which/where。
37、我对他对待我的方式感到生气。
I feel angry about________ ________/________ ________ ________/________ ________ ________ ________he has treated me.
答案: the way the way that the way in which
考查定语从句。根据句意及句子结构分析可知,“方式”在句子中做介词about的宾语,同时也是定语从句he has treated me的先行词,所以此处应该用the way特指“他对待我的方式”。先行词the way 被定语从句修饰,定语从句可以用that引导,也可以用in which引导,that/in which也可以省略。故填the way/the way that /the way in which。
38、众所周知, 无论电脑如何普及, 有些工作得由人工完成。这就是电脑不能完全取代人的原因。
________, ________ popular computers are, some work must be done by hand. ________ computers can’t completely replace human beings.
答案: As is known to all/As we (all) know/As everyone knows no matter how /however This is why /This is the reason why
考查定语从句,时态,状语从句和表语从句。根据中英文提示,空一缺少“众所周知”,分析句子可知,可以用as引导非限制性定语从句,根据句意,句子用一般现在时,as is known to all,as we (all )know,as everyone know都可以用来表示“众所周知”,空二缺少“无论如何”引导让步状语从句,用no matter how或者however,空三缺少“这就是……的原因”,this“这”,指代前文的句子,is“是”,接why“……的原因”引导表语从句,或用the reason“原因”作表语,用why引导定语从句。故填①As is known to all/As we (all) know/As everyone knows②no matter how/however③This is why/This is the reason why.
39、曾经有一段时间,有些人的一生仅仅致力于耕种土地或照料牛。(when)
________________________some people’s lives were devoted simply to the cultivation of the land or the care of cattle.
答案:There was a time when
考查when引导的定语从句。表示“曾经有一段时间”可知,时态用一般过去时,所以用There was a time.,分析汉语提示可知,其余内容为对名词time的限定修饰,所以其余内容为关系副词when引导的定语从句。故填There was a time when。
40、在漆黑的街上,没有一个她可以求助的人。
In the dark street, there wasn’t a single person ________ she could turn for help.
答案:to whom
考查“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句。分析可知,空处引导定语从句修饰名词词组 a single person,“向某人求助”表达为turn to sb. for help,此处将介词to置于关系词之前,先行词作宾语,且指人,只能用whom。故填to whom。
语法填空
41、“This really excites scientists,” Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says, “because it ______(mean)we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon is constructed.” (所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:means
考查动词时态。句意:“这真的让科学家们感到兴奋,”布朗大学的科学家卡尔·彼得斯说,“因为这意味着我们有机会获得关于月球是如何构造的信息。” 分析句子可知,mean(意味着)是句中谓语动词,与主语it之间是主动关系,根据上下文语境可知,应使用一般现在时态,又因主语it是单数概念,所以谓语动词也应使用单数形式。综上,谓语应用一般现在时的主动语态,单数形式。故填means。
42、They rose in the ranks not by being friendly but by smoking cigarettes, breaking rules and playing jokes on others, ________ whom I soon found myself. (用适当的词填空)
答案:among
考查介词。句意:他们在(学生)地位中上升。方式不是通过待人友善而是通过吸烟、违反规则和嘲弄别人,不久我也成了其中的受害人。此处为“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句,结合上文 others可知,表示“在(三者或以上)之中”应用among。故填among。
43、—Are you getting on well with your partner?
—Not at all. We've almost come to the point ________ we have to separate. (用适当的词填空)
答案:where
考查定语从句。句意:——你和你的搭档相处得好吗?——根本不。我们几乎到了必须分开的地步。分析句子,设空处引导的是定语从句,先行词为the point,在定语从句中作地点状语。故填where。
44、We visited the car factory ____________ my uncle once worked three years ago. (用适当的词填空)
答案:where
考查定语从句。句意:我们去了三年前我叔叔曾经工作过的汽车厂。分析句子可知,这是一个定语从句,先行词是the car factory,在从句中作地点状语,因此使用联系词where引导定语从句。故填where。
小提示:
45、No one remembers the time ________ those explorers reached the most distant continent, Antarctica. (用适当的词填空)
答案:when
考查定语从句。句意:没有人记得那些探险家到达最遥远的大陆——南极洲的时候。定语从句修饰先行词time,从句缺少时间状语,故用关系副词when。故填when。
46、This is a file in ________many natural disasters are recorded. (用适当的词填空)
答案:which
考查定语从句。句意:这是一个记录了许多自然灾害的档案。in ____ many natural disasters are recorded是定语从句,修饰a file。关系词在从句中作介词in的宾语,指物,应该用关系代词which引导该从句。故填which。
47、Here I sincerely express my _________ (appreciate) if you could help find the lost suitcase. (所给词的适当形式填空)
答案:appreciation
考查名词。句意:如果您能帮助找到丢失的手提箱,我诚挚地向您表示感谢。my作定语修饰名词,appreciate的名词是appreciation“感谢”,不可数名词。故填appreciation。
48、The only reason _______I came was _______I wanted to meet your friends.(用适当的词填空)
答案: why that
考查定语从句及表语从句。句意:我来的唯一原因就是想见见你的朋友。第一空引导限定性定语从句,先行词是reason,在从句中作原因状语,应用关系副词why引导;第二空引导表语从句,从句句意完整、成分齐全,应用只起连接作用、无实意的that引导。故填①why;②that。
49、This is the factory________ I worked two years ago. (用适当的词填空)
答案:where
考查定语从句。句意:这是我两年前工作过的工厂。分析句子结构,本句话是限制性定语从句,修饰先行词the factory。先行词代入从句中做地点状语,所以需要where来引导定语从句。故答案为where。
50、The CCTV Spring Festival Gala is a big stage ________many new actors or actresses are to become famo
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