豌豆语法15虚拟语气1市公开课获奖课件省名师优质课赛课一等奖课件.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,*,本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。谢谢。本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。谢谢。本资料仅供参考!,豌豆语法课,虚拟语气,豌豆群：,7298916,1/21,虚拟语气,虚拟语气,是一个特殊动词形式，一是用来表示说话人所说话不是一个事实，而是一个假设、猜测、怀疑等,(,在,条件,从句中或,让步,状语从句中,),；一是表示说话人愿望、要求、命令、提议等,(,在宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句,),。,一、虚拟语气概念,2/21,虚拟条件句,主句,与现在事实相反假设,与过去相反假设,与未来相反假设,If+,主语,+,动词过去式,（动词,be,用,were),主语,+,should,would,might,could,动词,原形,If+,主语,+,had+,过去分词,主语,should,would,might,could,have done,1,、,If+,主语,+,动词过去式,2,、,If+,主语,+,were to+,动词原形,3,、,If+,主语,+,should+,动词原形,主语,should,would,might,could,动词,原形,3/21,二 基本三种情况,1,、表示与现在事实相反情况,：,从句：,If,主语,+,过去时,(Be,动词用,were),主句：主语,+should/would/could/might+do,eg,：,1,If I were you,I would take an umbrella.,2,If I knew his telephone number,I would tell you.,3,If there were no air or water,there would be no living things on the earth,2,、表示与过去事实相反情况,从句：,If,主语,+had+done,主句：主语,+should/would/could/might+have done,eg,：,1,If I had got there earlier,I should/could have met her.,2,If he had taken my advice,he would not have made such a mistake.,4/21,3,、表示对未来情况主观推测,主句：主语,+should/could/would/might+do,从句：,if+,主语,+were to do,if+,主语,+should/would/could/might+do,if+,主语,+did,（动词过去式）,/were,e g,：,1,If he should come here tomorrow,I would talk to him.,2,If there were a heavy snow next Sunday,we would not go skating.,3,If she were to be here next Monday,I would tell her about the matter.,5/21,三、使用虚拟条件句要注意几点,：,有时，,虚拟条件句,中，结果主句和条件从句谓语动作若不是同时发生时，虚拟语气形式应作对应调整。这种条件句叫错综条件句。,从句动作与过去事实相反，而主句动作与现在或现在正在发生事实不符。,e g,：,If I had worked hard at school,I would be an engineer,too.,If they had informed us,we would not come here now.,从句动作与现在事实相反，而主句动作与过去事实不符。,如：,If he were free today,we would have sent him to Beijing.,。,If he knew her,he would have greeted her.,6/21,2,当虚拟条件句谓语动词含有,were,should,had,时，,if,能够省略，这时条件从句要用倒装语序，即把,were,should,had,等词置于句首，这种多用于书面语。,E g,：,Should he agree to go there,we would send him there.,Were she here,she would agree with us.,Had he learnt about computers,we would have hired him to work here.,。,7/21,3,、非真实条件句中条件从句有时不表示出来，只暗含在副词、介词短语、上下文或其它方式表示出来，这种句子叫做含蓄条件句，在多数情况下，条件会暗含在短语中，如,without,，,but for,等,E g,：,But for his help,we would be working now.,Without your instruction,I would not have made such great progress.,We didnt know his telephone number,otherwise we would have telephoned him.,8/21,4,、有时，虚拟条件句中，主、从句能够省略其中一个，来表示说话人一个强烈感情。,省略从句,He would have finished it.,他本该完成了。,You could have passed this exam.,你本能经过这次考试。,省略主句,If I were at home now.,要是我现在在家里该多好啊。,If only I had got it.,要是只有我得到它了该多好啊。,5,注意，在虚拟语气从句中，动词,be,过去时态一律用,were,，不用,was,。,eg,：,If I were you,I would go to look for him.,9/21,四、虚拟语气在名词从句中利用,1,用于宾语从句,、,wish,后面宾语从句中。,普通用虚拟语气，表示一个不可能实现愿望。,其谓语动词形式为：,表现在过去时,表过去过去完成时,表未来,would,might,could,动词原形,I wish(that)I,were,a bird.,I wish(that)I,had seen,the film last night.,I wish(that)I,wouldcould,go.,10/21,用于表示命令、提议、要求等一类词后面宾语从句。,insist,order,command,suggest,advise,propose,require,request,demand,desire etc.,We suggested that the meeting(should)be put off.,They insisted that the boy(should)go with them,.,注意：,suggest,当表示“暗示、表明“讲时，,insist,表示”坚持说之意时，应用陈说语气，作“果断主张；果断要求”讲时，用虚拟语气。,如：,The smile on his face suggested that he,was satisfied with,our work.,The man insisted that he,had never stolen,the money.,11/21,在,suggestion/proposal/order/plan/advice/idea/request,等,名词后表语和同位语从句中,要用“,should,动词原形”,should,能够省略,2,用于表语从句和同位语从句,My idea is that we(should)think it over before accepting it.,My suggestion that we(should)have a meeting has been accepted by others.,We all agree to that suggestion that the meeting(should)be put off.,12/21,3,虚拟语气在主语从句中,A.,在句型“,It is important(necessary,strange,natural)that.,”,中，,that,后面从句中谓语动词用：,should+,动词原形,1 Its,necessary,that we should have a walk now.,2,Its,natural,that she should do so.,Its,important,that we should take good care of the patient.,13/21,B.,在,It is demanded/suggested/ordered/required.,that-clause,句型中,从句用,(should)+,动词原型,It is demanded that we should work out a plan.,C.,在,It is a pity/a shame/no wonder that.,句型中,从,句也惯用,(should)+,动词原型,Its a pity that you(should)miss a good chance.,14/21,1.,It is(high/about)time that,从句中谓语动词用过去式或,should,动词原形，,should,不能省略,五、虚拟语气在其它从句中,It is high time that you,went /should go,to school.,2.If only,引导感叹句（要是该有多好啊,),表示现在情况,应用过去式,;,假如是过去情况,应用过去完成时态,If only I,knew,the answer!,If only I,had seen,the film yesterday!,15/21,3.would rather+,从句动词用过去式或过去完成时,I would rather you,told,me the truth.,I would rather you,had gone,there last Sunday.,4.,as if(as though),看起来,惯用虚拟形式，即,表示与现在事实相反，用过去式；与过去事实相反用过去完成式,(had done).,He,treats,the boy as if he,were,his own son.,He,spoke,as if he,had known,about it,16/21,5.even if(even though),即使,Even if he,were,here,he could not solve the problem.,Even if I,had been,busy then,I would have helped you.,17/21,四 情态动词,+have done,could have done,原来能够,-,might have done,原来可能,-,should/ought to have done,原来应该做,-,shouldnt/ought not to have done,本不该做,-,你本不应该告诉她真相。,You shouldnt have told her the truth.,neednt have done,本无须做,-,比较：,didnt need to do,没必要做也没有做,-,-,我没必要擦窗户。我弟兄做了,I didnt need to clean the windows.My brother did it.,would have done,原来会去做,-,I didnt have enough money,otherwise I would have,bought that book.,18/21,Choose the best answer:,It is strange that the little boy _ _ speak two foreign languages.,A.could b.can C.should D.would,2.He gave orders that the experiment _ before 5:30pm.,A.be finished B.will finish C.must be finished,3.He _ you more help,even though he was very busy.,A,might have given B.might give C.may have given,4.Without the leadership of the Party,there _no New China.,A.would be B.has been C.should be D.was,19/21,5.He is talking so much about America as if he,_ there.,had been B.has been,C.was D.has gone,6.The young man insisted that he _ nothing,wrong and _ free.,A.did;set B.had done;should be set,C.should do;be set D.had done;must be set,7.Had you listened to the doctor,you _ all,right now.,are B.were C.would be,D.would have been,8.You _ come earlier.The bus left a moment,ago.,A.would B.should have C.may D.have,20/21,21/21,