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学 生 双 语 报
Unit 7 The Sea
教材分析
I．涉及内容
本单元内容主要围绕海洋展开，主要涉及：海洋探险的故事；海洋污染的现状、缘由及危害；对海洋动植物；相关的海洋故事。
II．教学目标
1.知识目标：
词汇
Warm-up: fishing, sailing, diving, surfing, water-skiing, windsurfing, swimming, scuba diving, frightening, freezing, colorful, underwater, at sea
Lesson 1: achieve, set sail, control, force sb. to do sth, land, persuade sb to do sth, find oneself…, get into trouble, follow sb’s direction, be believed to be sth, know…as, spirit, explorer, sailor, voyage, deed, journey, unknown, present-day, eventually, further, according to, in search of
Lesson 2: pollute, deal with, ban, protect, disappear, handle, suppose, keep a record of, break the law, industrial, agricultural. Intelligent, fantastic, multi-coloured, polluted, over-fishing, chemicals, rubbish, solution, technology, intelligence, government department, tennis, courts, passenger
Lesson 3:sea creatures, seal, penguin, crab, polar bear, dolphin, whale, shark, coral, attraction, discovery, discount, do trick, length, area, virtual reality, speaking voice, attack, daily life, in performance, educate, feed, produce, attract, watch out, melt, measure, energetic, unusual, up-to-date, noisy, pretty, tiny, special, especially
Lesson 4:float, terrify, tie, escape, survive, recover, scream, sink, pick up, recognize, expect, on the edge of, at great speed, body and soul, all at once, in the direction of, more than horrible, single, enormous, unable, terror, conclusion
Communication workshop: debate, disagree, create, offer, shopkeeper, bay, wildlife, stadium, development, traffic, industry, local
语法
1.定语从句(2)：where, when, why, prep.+which/whom
2.表示比较的形容词
功能
Interaction 相互交流
语音
Giving Opinion 表达观点
2.语言技能：
听
能边听边做笔记，从听力材料中提取主要信息和观点；能听懂要求并根据要求和指令完成任务
说
能对海洋及保护环境话题的询问和要求做出恰当的反应；能运用表达个人观点、见解的交际用语，在辩论中清晰的表达观点
读
能运用所学阅读策略进行课内外阅读，如：能运用scanning技能在有效时间内搜索到brochure中所需信息；能学习运用Sequencing阅读策略，抓住关键连接词，理解段落大意，把握故事发展顺序
写
能运用Paragraph planning写作策略，用英语写出100词左右的报告，介绍一个旅游景点。
3.情感态度目标：学习探险家勇于探索的精神，培养开创意识；
培养环境意识，自觉维护人类赖以生存的环境
4.文化意识目标：了解中、西方海洋探险及探险家的事迹；
了解海洋动植物、海洋资源、海洋污染等，增强环境保护意识
III．教学重点和难点
1.教学重点：
(1) 本单元的生词和短语
(2) where, when, why, prep. + which/whom
(3) 表示比较的形容词定语从句
2.教学难点：
(1)对海洋及环境保护话题的询问和要求做出恰当的反映
(2)运用表达个人观点和见解的交际用语
IV. 教学计划：
本单元分为六个课时：
第一课时：Warm-up
第二课时：Lesson 1
第三课时：Lesson 2
第四课时：Lesson 3
第五课时：Lesson 4
第六课时：Communication workshop
V．教学步骤：
Period 1 Warm-up
Teaching Goals:
1. learn the new words of this part.
2. To arouse Ss’ interest in the sea.
Teaching Procedures:
Step 1. Leading-in:
Show some pictures about the film: Finding Nemo.
This is a story about sea. Show some pictures about sea and the animals in the sea.
Step 2. Warming up
Exercise 1.
Listen and match the four sea sounds with the photos
Exercise 2.
Let Ss read the Key Words and discuss which activities they know, which they can guess
and which they need to look up in the dictionary.
In pairs, Ss discuss which activities they do and which they would like to do (or would not like to do) and where they could do them.
The pairs report back to the class about what they would like to do and where. Ss see if there are any activities that nobody in the class has done.
Exercise 3. Ss listen to find out which activity each person is talking about and not to worry about understanding every word. Listen twice if necessary.
Exercise 4. Ss read the key words and then listen again. Let Ss find which key words does each speaker use to describe their activity.
Step 3. Practice
Ask Ss to think of a sporting activity they do and to choose some adjectives to describe how it feels. Ss discuss their activities in pairs.
Step 4. Homework
Preview Lesson 1.
Period 2 Lesson 1 The Sprit of Explorer
Teaching goals:
1. To practise reading for specific information.
2. To practise using relative clauses with when, where and why.
3. To practise using relative clauses with prepositions and relative pronouns.
4. To review and consolidate the relative pronouns.
Teaching procedure:
Step 1. Leading-in
Let Ss discuss who arrived in America first, using their knowledge from history class.
a) Christopher Columbus b) Ancient Greeks c) Chinese sailors d)Vikings. And then let student discuss other people they know, who have lived or arrived in America.
Let student guess the meaning of the words listed and find Chinese meaning on page 108. Then if possible, elicit more discussion about these places, such as location, climate, people and their lives.
Step 2. Reading
1. Have Ss look at the map on page 8&9 and then encourage Ss to scan the text to find out about the Vikings’ three major discoveries.
Get Ss to read the text again for specific information about the three discoveries. Then in pairs, complete the table in Exercise 3 with the information they get. Check the answers and then get Ss to read the text aloud.
2. Encourage Ss to work in pairs and ask as many questions about the text as they can.
In pairs, do Exercise 4 with the given questions and their own questions.
Check the answer in class.
Step 3.Words and phrases
1. Do exercise 6 on page 9
2. Phrases:
1) They achieved this long before Columbus ever set sail.
早在哥伦布启航前，他们就已经到达那里了。
set sail 启航
set about doing sth. 开始做某事
The government must set about finding solutions to the pollution problems.
2) According to the old stories of Iceland and Norway, Eric and Red was forced to leave Iceland because he had committed a murder, for which he got into trouble.
根据冰岛和挪威的传说，埃里克 雷德因为一起谋杀案而惹上麻烦，并被迫离开冰岛。
according to… 根据，依照
Do the experiment according to what your teacher tells you to.
get into trouble…陷入困境，陷入麻烦
Do not go to computer rooms, or you’ll get into trouble.
3) He persuaded some people to go back with him to Greenland.
他说服一些人和他一起回到了格陵兰岛。
persuade sb. to do sth. 说服某人做某事
persuade sb. not to do sth 说服某人不做某事
persuade sb. into doing sth 说服某人做某事
persuade sb. out of doing sth 说服某人不做某事
talk sb. into doing sth 说服某人做某事
talk sb. out of doing sth 说服某人不做某事
persuade sb. of sth. 使某人信服某事
He persuaded me into majoring in physics.
I persuaded her not to go hiking with him. = I persuaded her out of going hiking with him.
How can you persuade them of the advantages of solar cars?
4) Not long after Eric the Red had landed in Greenland a man called Biarni set sail from Iceland in search of Eric’s party.
埃里克 雷德登上格陵兰岛后不久，一个叫比阿尼的人就从冰岛起航寻找埃里克一行人。
in search of… = in the search for… 寻找，寻求
search sb./ some place 搜查某人/某处
search for sth./sb. 寻找；寻求（某物/某人）
The family were running from street to street in the search for the lost child.
The policeman was searching the man for drugs.
The army were searching the ruins for survivors.
Step 4. Grammar: Relative clauses(2)
1）Let student read the sentences in Exercise 7&8, and direct them to find what the italic words refers to and how where, when and why can be used.
Relative adverbs where and when can be used to give information about places and time. After the word reason, we can use why in relative clauses.
2）Let Ss do Exercise 9, and find out how prepositions and pronouns work together in the sentence. Then, let Ss discuss why there are prepositions before relative pronouns and how to choose the right preposition. Relative pronouns can be used as the objects of prepositions. Usually we use prepositions before which and whom: preposition + which/whom
Let student think which words are used to join two sentences together and then go to Grammar Summary 1 on page 92 for more information about the rules.
3）Let Ss do Exercise 10&11 individually and then check the answer.
Step 5. Language in Use
Work in groups and write about a famous event or a famous person in history. Try to use relative clauses (when, where, which, who…) in description. Encourage some groups to read their description to the class. The others listen and count how many relative clauses the group has used and whether they used them correctly.
Example: “I have a dream ”, which was a speech made by Martin Luther King, is one of the most famous in American history…
Homework:
Review Relative Clauses
Period 3 Lesson 2 Protect the Sea
Teaching goals:
1. To practise listening for specific information
2. To practise using abbreviation for notes
3. To practise showing that you are following what the other person is saying and give opinion.
Teaching procedure:
Step 1. Leading-in
The Earth’s seas and oceans receive the burnt of human waste, whether it is by deliberate dumping or by natural run-off from the land. In fact over 80% of all marine pollution comes from land-based activities and many pollutants are deposited in estuaries and coastal waters.
1) Let Ss discuss these questions: How do people use the sea? How is the sea important to people? Example: People catch fish in the sea. There are many more things that we can find for food in the sea.
let as many Ss as possible to repot their results to the class.
2) let Ss think what is sea pollution? Find the meaning of these key words and let Ss use them to talk about the issue.
Key words: pollute, pollution, over-fishing, industrial waste, agricultural, waste, plastic, oil, chemicals, rubbish, deal with a problem, ban
Have Ss work in pairs to discuss different kinds of sea pollution and make a list from their findings. And then let Ss to report their results to the class.
Step 2 listen to learn.
Exercise 3: Let Ss listen to the conversation and get the general idea of it: What is Zhi Hong’s project about? And then read the listening strategies with the class. Review the strategies for listening for specific information with Ss. Elicit examples of situations from real life in which people listen for specific information, e.g. listening to the weather forecast, listening to announcements at stations and airports. Tell Ss we can use abbreviations when taking notes. Draw Ss attention to the technique of using the first few letters of a word (Sat. Prof…)
Exercise 4: Get Ss to look at the table first and then point out that they need to listen for specific information to complete the table. Divide the conversation into two parts: in the first part, let Ss concentrate on the two problems and the reasons for them; In the second part, let Ss pay attention to the solutions to problems. At last, play the conversation again and ask Ss to give their opinions about different reasons for sea pollution. Encourage them to make suggestions for preventing sea, river and lake pollution.
Exercise 5: let Ss read the Function File and see if they can guess the missing expressions from the box. And then, let Ss listen again and see if they are correct.
Step 3: Pronunciation: showing interesting (Ⅰ)
Let Ss listen to the conversation and make a note of whether the listener is interested or not. Check the answer and listen again, pausing after each item.
Step 4: Writing and speaking
Exercise 7:Ask Ss if they would like to do a project about the sea. Get them to look at the subjects and discuss in groups which subject they would like to choose from. Then, read through the questions below and elicit suggestions for each of them so that each of them has some ideas to start with. At last, let Ss write notes about the subject they have chosen.
Subjects: sea animals, water sports, history of sea travel, ports, sea fishing, science and the sea.
Questions: Which subject are you interested in?
What do you already know about the subject?
What do you need to find out about the subject?
How can you find out more about the subjects?
How will you present your project?
Exercise 8: Let Ss read through the example dialogue, drawing attention to both the question forms and the responses. Then, let Ss work in pairs and take turns to interview each other. At last, let someone tell the class some of the most interesting tings about their partner’s project about the sea.
Step 5. Homework
Review lesson 3: The Sea World
Period 4 Lesson3 The Sea World
Teaching goals:
1. To get familiar with descriptive texts
2. To practise using sea animal vocabulary
3. To practise using comparative and superlative structures.
Teaching procedure:
Step 1. Leading-in
Water covers about 75% of the earth’s surface. In it swim billions of fish from over 25000 species. These fish can be tiny or huge. They can be round, box-like, or long and slim.
Let Ss looking at the pictures and identifying the fish and animals. Ask Ss if any of them know other animals which live in the sea.
Step 2. Reading
Elicit the title of each section of the brochure and ask Ss which sections they think will be more interesting for them. Then, let Ss skim the brochure quickly and concentrate on the sections that appeal to them. At last, let Ss read the context again, then, check the answer of exercise 2&3.
Exercise 2. Read the brochure. Find where you can see these things in Underwater World:
1. fish which use a light to attract food Virtual Reality Voyage
2. dolphins in performance Sea Theatre
3. fish that appear to fly in the water Ocean Floor
4. sea creatures that children can touch Discovery Pool
5. a big iceberg Polar World
Exercise 3. Let Ss read aloud the first example with as many expressions as possible. Then, let Ss read the other comments and match them to the areas of the aquarium. At last, check answers.
Answers: 2. polar world 3. discovery pool 4.virtual reality voyage
Read the text again and pay attention to the linking words used to contrast different ideas or opinions (but/ on the one hand/ on the other hand/ however) and ask Ss to translate them into Chinese.
Step 3. voice you opinion
Let Ss discuss which part of the “Underwater World ” they would like to visit and why. Then, encourage some groups to report their results to the class. At last, ask Ss if they have ever been to a similar aquarium or sealife center-if so, encourage them to tell the class what it was like.
Step 4. Grammar: comparison of adjectives
Firstly, review the comparison by asking Ss to find all the examples of comparison in the brochure. Secondly, read the uses (a-c), and match them with sentences1-4 . And then let Ss do Exercise 6 in pairs. At last, ask Ss to read Grammar Summary 2 for reference.
1) 同级比较往往由"as + 形容词/ 副词的原形 + as"的句式表达；当然也要注意它的否定形式。第一个as的前面可以加上表示倍数的词、或是某些副词修饰语：twice , ( three ) times , nearly , almost , just , exactly , not nearly（根本不）, by no means（绝不）, quite 等等。例如：
Asia is four tomes as large as Europe. 亚洲有欧洲的四倍大（亚洲比欧洲大三倍）。
James is not nearly as tall as Robert. 詹姆斯根本没有罗伯特高。
Cast iron is almost as useful as steel. 铸铁差不多与钢一样有作用。
She hasn't been quite so unlucky as she pretends. 她还没有象她常装出的那样不幸
2) "比较级 + than"引导不同级的比较。"比较级" 前同样可以加倍数或程度副词,
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