高中英语之状语从句导学案+练习.doc

状语从句
状语从句在句子中可修饰谓语、形容词或是整个句子，它可以用来表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、比较、让步等。
一、时间状语从句
可由when, as, while, after, before, till(until), since, by the time, once, as soon as, the moment引导
When I came into the office, the teachers were having a meeting.
He started as soon as he received the news.
Once you see him, you will never forget him.
注意：not…until的用法和强调句结构。如：
I didn’t realize that I had left my key in the office until I arrived home.
It was not until I arrived home that I realized that I had left my key in the office.
在hardly/scarcely…when… , no sooner…than…句式中，把hardly/scarcely/no sooner置于句首时，第一个分句采用部分倒装语序。第一个分句用过去完成时，第二个分句用一般过去时
Hardly had he sat down when there was a knock at the door.
No sooner had I gone to bed than I went to sleep.
二、原因状语从句
原因状语从句时表示原因或理由的，引导这类从句的最常用的 是because, since, as, now that等，for表示因果关系时为并列连词，常位于句尾，其前有逗号，语气最弱。
He is disappointed because he didn’t get the position.
As it is raining, I will not go out.
Now that you mention it, I do remember.
It rained yesterday, for the ground is wet.
三、地点状语从句
通常由连词where和wherever引导。表示抽象条件的含义时，从句须放在主句之前，如：
We should go where the Party needs us most.
You are free to go wherever you like.
Wherever you go, whatever you do, I will be right here waiting for you.
Where there is a will, there is a way.
【注意】注意区分where引导的定语从句与状语从句。
You’d better make a mark where you have any question.
You’d better make a mark at the place where you have any question.
四、目的状语从句
通常由that, so that, in order that, so…that, lest, in case（以防、免得）等引导：
1. in order that 和 so that.
两者都表示“为了”。 他们引导的状语从句中常用情态动词。 in order that 比 so that 正式，引导的状语从句可置于主句之前或之后，而so that 引导的从句只能置于主句之后。
I’ll speak slowly so that you can understand me.
In order that we might see the sunrise, we started for the peak early.
2. for fear that与 in case
引导目的状语时，for fear that 表示 “担心/害怕发生某事”；in case 表示“ 以防”发生。
Mary didn’t want to get out of bed for fear that she might wake her baby (up).
Take your raincoat in case it should rain.
目的状语从句中谓语动词常含有may (might), can (could) should, will等情态动词。lest (以免，免得), for fear that（害怕/担心发生某事）
I hid the book lest (=for fear that) he should see it.
五、结果状语从句
由that, so that, so…that, such…that引导：
so+ adj/ adv+ that从句 such+a/an+adj+可数名词单数+that从句
so+ adj+a/an+可数名词单数+that从句 such+ adj+可数名词复数/不可数名词+ that从句
so+ many/much/few/little(少)+n.+that从句 such+ a lot of/lots of+ n.+ that从句
He earned so little money that he couldn’t support his family.
Mike is such an honest worker (= so honest a worker) that we all believe him.
He made such an excellent speech that every one admired him.
用so或such 填空
1. It is not surprising that _______little worms eat _____ little grain.
2. He is _____ handsome a boy that I like him so much.
*So that既可以引导目的状语从句又可以引导结果状语从句。那么他们的区别是什么？
so that 从句前有无“，”有为_______,反之则为________;若无“，”则根据句中是否有情态动词来判断。带情的是_______,不带的是_______。
结果状语从句放于主句之后表示客观事实；目的状语从句表示主观愿望，未曾实现。
六、条件状语从句
引导条件状语从句的词有if, unless, so(as) long as, on condition (如果)，注意：条件状语从句中的if不能用whether替换
If he is not in the office, he must be out for lunch.
You may borrow the book so long as you keep it clean.
As far as I know, he will be away for three months.
If he had come a few minutes earlier, he could have seen her.(虚拟条件句)
七、让步状语从句
让步状语从句由although, though, as, even if, however, whatever, whether…or…, no matter who等引导。注意：as引导的让步状语从句一般是倒装的。当连词as, though连接让步状语从句时，作表语的名词、形容词、副词、动词原形通常置于句首，构成部分倒装语序。
Child as he is, he knows a lot.
Much as I have traveled, I have never seen anyone who’s as capable as John.
Try as he might, Carol couldn’t get the door open.
八、比较状语从句
由连词as…as, not so(as) …as, than等引导：
I hope it was as good as the one you lent me.
No one can be cleverer than Sister Feng is.
He can’t run so fast as she.
注意：“the+比较级(接从句)，the+比较级(接主句)，这一句型也归在比较状语从句内。如：
The more you study, the more you know.
The harder we work, the happier we feel.
九、使用状语从句中要注意的几个问题
在时间和条件从句中，主句是一般将来时，从句通常用一般现在时表示将来
We’ll go out if it doesn’t rain tomorrow.
I’ll write to you as soon as I get to Shanghai.
一、状语从句试题演练
1. (2016·济宁模拟)It is nearly fifteen years_____since_______I last saw her—she is the owner of a local restaurant where I briefly worked one summer as a waitress.
2.(2017·石家庄二模)That morning I made sure I had enough to drink and went to the toilet about three times____before___we left.
3.(2017龙口模拟The restaurants are not “fast food”。They are known as“fast casual”．_____As/When/While__McDonald’s is struggling to get its customers back，Shake Shack is doing well financially.
4. (2017·青岛自主诊断)Some deep thought lets us know that when even a small mistake has been made，your feeling will stay out of balance______until/till____the mistake is acknowledged and your regret is expressed.
5. (2016重庆一中） When/While people are depressed,they tend to withdraw and don’t have the motivation and energy to go out and do things.
6. (2015·高考重庆卷，单项填空，改编)If you miss this chance，it may be years_____before_______you get another one.
7. (2016·济南高三针对性训练)Dr.Adam Goldstein has warned tobacco companies are trying to avoid and even
weaken anti－tobacco laws，and the fight is going to be difficult.But he added，“We should not give up____until_____we make sure tobacco industry goes out of business.”
8. （2016全国卷Ⅰ55）Larry told her that he had already put out the fire and she should not move in case she injured her neck.
9. (2016·浙江)__While_____online shopping has changed our life , not all of its effects have been positive.
10. (2014·高考重庆卷，单项填空，改编)Half an hour later，Lucy still couldn’t get a taxi ___where______ the bus had dropped her.
11. ___Now____that you have got a job，you should learn to be independent of your parents.
12. (2015·陕西宝鸡质检)During the Spring Festival，there was less air pollution ____as/because______ fireworks were forbidden.
13.（2016浙江舟山月考）As Benjamin Franklin put it , “A house is not a home unless it contains food and fire for the mind as well as the body.”
14. (2015·高考江苏卷，单项填空，改编)It is so cold that you can’t go outside______unless______fully covered in thick clothes.
15. (2015·高考湖南卷，完形填空，节选)It’s simpler because,______if______ you have a computer，you can find information you need by searching the Internet.
16. (2015·高考安徽卷，单项填空，改编)____although______scientists have learned a lot about the universe，there is much we still don’t know.
17. (2017·南阳一中二模)You are falling ___so________fast that just turning your head can send you off in a different direction.This is the wild side of a sport that has not found its limit—freeflying.
18. (2015·河北五个一名校联盟监测二)Mike：How about computers with a P3?
Rose：Oh，very good，_______though__________they don’t work as fast as P4 computers，yet they are much cheaper.
19. (2017·南昌十所重点中学二模)It can help us to develop the habit of thinking in English.______If______we persist in this practice，gradually we’ll learn how to express ourselves in English.
20. (2016安徽 改编)Sorry to have kept you waiting so long, but it will still be some time before Mr. Smith is available.
二、用正确的连词填空，完成状语从句的意义
1. She is such a crazy NMA fan ___that______ she downloads every match from the Internet nonstop.
2. ____If________ the weather is like tomorrow, I will set out for Hongkong.
3. Many of them turned a deaf ear to his advice ______even though/if_____ they know it to be valuable.
4. We had to wait another half an hour ___although______ we had already booked a table.
5. In peace the Red Cross is expected to send help ___whatever________ there is human suffering.
6. He was about halfway through his meal ___when_____ a familiar voice came to his ears.
7. The cost of living in Glasgow is among the lowest in Britain ____while_____ the quality of life is probably one of the highest.
8. He found it difficult to read, ____for___ his eyesight was beginning to fail.
9. The old tower must be saved, ____whatever_______ it cost.
10. It will take us another five years _____before_____ all the roads are repaired.
11. You will succeed in the interview ___if______ you have confidence.
12. Much ___as___ I admire David as a poet, I don’t like him as a man.
13. Don’t promise anything ____unless____ you are one hundred percent sure.
14. In time of serious accidents, ___if___ we know some basic things about first aid, we can save lives.
15. The doctor advised me to live ___where_____ the air is fresh.
16. ______No sooner_________had got home than he fell asleep.
17. Take a notebook with you _____in case_________ you want to put down some important information.
三、状语从句改错练习
1、It won’t matter even he refuses.
2、Jim imagined that the whole world knew of his achievements, when in fact only a few people had heard of it .
3、He realized that his house must have been broken into the minute he got home and saw that everything was in a mess.
4、He was looking for the dictionary whenever he thought he might have put it .
5、No matter if he is free, he must go to the library.
6、I have not missed a play or a concert when I was seventeen years old.
7、Next time that I plan to travel in London, I’m going to take a plane.
8、I’m not going to talk on the point any further, though it is neither important nor very interesting.
9、Much since I like all the books, I can’t afford to buy them.
10、Alic was waiting for the bus then she noticed a thief running out of a shop.
11、It has been two and a half months ago since he left.
12、Though the work was difficult, but we managed to finish it in time.
13、The test shows that Jack has a much quicker mind than any student in his class.
14、He left for Guangzhou by train last Monday. He ought to have arrived, I think..
15、They wrote to the boss in order they could improve their working conditions.
16、He goes fishing wherever he has time, which is not often.
17、I don’t know when he comes tomorrow . If he comes , let me know at once.
18、When you read a book, you’d better make a mark that you have any questions.
19、Ships are much more slower than planes that few people take them on business.
20、She has such little education that she is unfit for the job.

答案：
1、even 后加 if 2、when—while 3、minute—moment 4、whenever—wherever 5、if —whether 6、when —since 7、that 去掉或改为 when 8、though—because 9、since—as 10、then—when 11、ago 去掉 12、but 去掉 13、any 后加 other 14、? 15、order 后加 that 16、wherever—whenever 17、第一个 comes—will come （宾从时态不限） 18、that—where 19、more 去掉 20、such—so
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