牛津上海八下8BUnit3Electricity知识点梳理.doc

8B Unit 3 Electricity
P31
1. energy n. 能量;活力;精力—energetic a. 精力充沛的
e.g. He is full of energy. =He is energetic.
2. electricity n. 电—electric a. 电的；用电的—electrical 关于电的—electronic a. 电子的
---electrician n. 电工；电器技师
e.g. Electricity is very important to us. 电对我们很重要。
每一件电器名称都用electric，如：electric lights 电灯/ fans 风扇/ kettles 水壶/
rice cookers 电饭煲/ iron….电熨斗
电器设备总称：electrical appliances =electrical machines
e.g. There are many electrical appliances in my home.
带电子的用electronic: an electronic watch an electronic dictionary 电子词典/ calculator
P32
1. change … into…=turn…into…v. 把……变成….. --- changeable a. ---exchange v. 交换
2. different kinds of energy n. 不同种类的能量 ---difference(s) n.---be different from
3. kind n. 种类=sort =type a. 友善的；仁慈的 be kind to sb.=be friendly to sb.（宾格）
4. heat energy n. 热能 moving energy n. 动能
5. move v. 移动；搬动；使感动---moved a. 被感动的---moving a. 感人的
e.g. The film was so moving that we were moved. 这部电影如此感人，我们都被感动了。
6. light energy n. 光能 light n. 光 ; a. 轻的；淡的
7. sound energy n. 声能 sound n. 声音； voice n. 说话声；嗓音；语态 noise n. 噪音
8. look foolish a. 看起来傻 （look后没有介词，后跟形容词。look后有介词，后跟副词）
9. foolish a. =stupid =silly 愚蠢的 ---fool v. 欺骗；愚弄 n. 傻子 April Fool’s Day 愚人节
e.g. Don’t fool me. I’m not a fool. I won’t be fooled. 不要骗我。我不是傻子。我不会被骗的。
It’s foolish of you to trust him. 你信任他是愚蠢的。
10. serve v. 服务；提供—service(s) n.服务—servant n. 仆人；佣人 n.
serve people /the customers 为人民/顾客服务 good services 优质的服务
11. someone who does housework for others n. 某一个为别人做家务的人=servant
12. danger n. 危险---dangerous a. –more dangerous—most dangerous
e.g. Trees are in great danger. 树木正处于极大的危险中。 be out of danger 脱离危险
P33
1. on a cold evening ; on the morning/ afternoon /evening of…在怎么样的早/ 中/ 晚
2. buy a card for me =buy me a card buy—bought—bought sell—sold—sold 卖
3. a packet of sweets n. 一包糖
4. someone pron. 某人；有人---anyone 任何人–no one 没有人
Somebody pron. 某人；有人---anybody任何人---nobody没有人
5. someone else 其他人
6. something pron. 某物；某事---anything 任何东西---nothing 无；没什么 nothing =not anything
7. 不定代词something；anything；nothing；放在形容词前面
e.g. I have something important to tell you. 我有件重要的事要告诉你。
Are there anything living on the moon? 月球上有活的东西吗？
There is nothing interesting in today’s newspaper. 今天的报纸上没有什么有趣的事。
8. do nothing =don’t do anything e.g. They found nothing in the cave. =They didn’t find anything in the vave. 他们在山洞里没有找到任何东西。
9. get (=buy) me a packet of batteries =get a packet of batteries for me 给我买包电池
10. please v.请；使高兴--pleased a.高兴的--pleasant a.愉快的；令人高兴的--pleasure n.令人高兴的事
e.g. Pleased to meet you. I’m pleased with you. 我对你很满意。
The trip was pleasant. It’s a pleasure to talk with you. 跟你谈话是件高兴的事。
11. go out v. 外出；熄灭 go–went --gone
12. laugh v. 笑；嘲笑---laughter n. 笑声；笑
laugh at others 嘲笑别人 be full of laughter 充满笑声
13. trick v. 哄骗；欺骗 n. 诡计；把戏；恶作剧 do magic tricks. 玩/ 变魔术
play a trick on sb. 捉弄某人
14. at last =finally =in the end adv. 最后
15. She doesn’t even know what electricity is. 她甚至不知道什么是电。（从句用陈述的语序）
16. buy electricity in packets 买袋装的电 like 喜欢；像—unlike 不像
17. Do you know what electricity is? 你知道电是什么吗？（从句用陈述的语序）
18. Our physics teacher told us (that) light travels faster than sound. (一般情况下主句和从句的时态要统一，但从句若表示自然现象、科学真理时，永远用一般现在时。)
19. flow through a wire v. 通过电线流动---flowed--flowed
20. A meter measures the amount you use. 计量表测（量）出你所用的量。
21. get a bill monthly adv.= every month 每月收到一张账单
monthly a. 每月的 monthly meeting 月会
22. in a way =partly 在某种程度上；从某种意义上来说
23. explain v. 解释；说明;讲解---explanation n. explain to sb.
e.g. Don’t explain it to me. I don’t want to listen to your explanation.
24. bad a. 坏的；严重的—(ill/ badly/ bad) --worse—worst a bad cold 严重的感冒
25. although/ though conj. 尽管；虽然 （不能与but连用, 但经常跟still, yet 连用。
e.g. Although he was so tired, he still went on working.
26. much+比较级 =far+比较级：什么什么得多 e.g. much taller 高得多；高很多
27. Electricity is much more dangerous than water. 电比水危险得多。
28. 替代词one和ones的用法：
one只能代替单数名词(可数名词)。 e.g. I don’t like this cup. I like the blue one.
ones替代复数名词。 e.g. Do you want the red apples or the green ones?
29. must aux. 应该；必须；一定 mustn’t 不准；不能
30. must be 一定是—can’t be 不可能是
31. be careful with sth. 当心/ 小心某物---careless a. 粗心的 --carefulness n. 细心
be careful with the chemical/ vase 小心这个化学品/ 花瓶
32. Can you tell me what it looks like? （从句用陈述的语序）你能告诉我它是什么样的吗？
33. 问长相和面貌的句子：e.g. What does Betty look like?/ What is Betty like?/ How does Betty look?
34. scratch his head v. 挠挠他的头
35. I have never been to America. (改为一般疑问句) ：Have you ever been to America?
36. invisible a. ：cannot be seen看不见的；隐形的---visible a. 看得见的；明显地
37. different forms of energy 不同形式的能量
38. different forms of energy that we can see, hear or feel 我们能看得见、听得到或摸得着的不同能量形式
39. hear v.—heard—heard 听见；听到 feel v.—felt—felt 感觉
40. think of an example 想出一个例子 think of 想起；想到；想出—thought--thought
41. a light bulb 一个灯泡
42. That’s right. 那是对的；说对了 That’s all right. 没关系
43. Do you know where electricity comes from? 你知道电是从哪里来的吗？（从句用陈述的语序）
44. come into our flat =enter our flat 进入我们的公寓---entrance n. 入口
45. through thin wires 通过细的电线 thin a. 细的；瘦的；薄的—thinner--thinnest
46. be connected to thick wires 被连接到粗的电线；和粗电线相连 connect =join连接
47. bury v. 埋葬---buried--buried
48. call the thick wires cables 把这些粗电线称为电缆
49. a power station n.发电站 power n. 力量；权利---powerful a.强大的；有效的
e.g. Knowledge is power. 知识就是力量。
50. come back v.= return 回来
51. ask politely 有礼貌地问 polite a. 礼貌的；客气的---impolite a. 不礼貌的
52. grin n. ：a big smile on the face露齿而笑 v. 咧嘴笑；露齿笑—grinning –grinned--grinned
53. There was a grin on his face. 他的脸上露齿一笑。
54. battery n. –batteries pl. 电池
55. contain v. 包含；含有；容纳 ---container n. 容器
56. many chemicals 许多化学物质/ 化学品 a. 化学的---chemistry n. 化学---chemist n. 药剂师
57. produce electricity 产生电 produce v. 产生；生产---product(s) n. 产品
58. Didn’t you know that? 你难道不知道吗？
59. now =at the moment =at present= for the time being 现在；此刻；目前；眼下
P34~35
1. a piece of paper 一张纸 two pieces of paper
2. a sharp knife 一把尖刀 knife n.---knives pl.
3. the amount of money we need 我们需要的钱的数量
4. Betty is hardworking. =Betty works hard. 贝蒂学习很努力。
5. a shop assistant 营业员
6. measure the room accurately 准确测量这个房间
7. receive a brochure 得到一本手册 receive =get
8. a travel agency 一家旅行社 agent 经纪人
9.﹡diagram n. 示意图；图表；图示
10. show sth. to sb. =show sb. sth. 把某物拿给某人看 show—showed--shown
11. get to Benny’s flat =arrive at Benny’s flat =reach Benny’s flat 到达Benny的公寓
12. get to Shanghai =arrive in Shanghai =reach Shanghai 到达上海
13. get home/ here =arrive home /here =reach home/ here 到家/ 那儿
14.﹡an evidence n. 一个证据 support v. 支持
15. try to do sth. 尽力做某事 ---tried---tried
16. try one’s best to do sth. =do one’s best to do sth. 尽某人最大的努力做某事
17. successful a. 成功的---successfully adv.—success n.---succeed v.
succeed in doing sth. 成功地做某事
P36
1. can=be able to 能；会；可以—could
2. speak more languages 讲更多种语言---spoke—spoken (讲某种语言用speak)
say it +in +语言 e.g. say it in French 用法语讲
3. play chess v. 下棋
4. drive a car v. 开车---drove---driven
5. swim v. ---swam---swum 游泳
6. play the guitar 弹吉他
7. ski v. 滑雪 go skiing 去滑雪
8. type v. 打字—typist n. 打字员---typewriter n. 打字机
9. ride a bicycle v. 骑车 =cycle v. ride---rode—ridden
P37
1. must 应该；必须；一定 mustn’t 不准；不能
2. tell people what to do =tell people what they should do 告诉他们该做什么
3. tell people what not to do =tell people what they should not do 告诉他们不该做什么
4. be careful with electricity 当心电
5. turn it on 把它打开---turn it off 把它关掉
6. turn up the radio 把收音机调响---turn down the radio 把收音机调轻
7. switch on 打开---switch off 关掉 （用于电器的“开”和“关”）
e.g. switch on the TV/ light
8. turn left 向左转
9. You mustn’t smoke. =Don’t smoke. =No smoking. =Smoking is not allowed.
=You are not allowed to smoke. 不准抽烟
10. admission n. 入场费 ---admit v. admit doing sth. 承认做某事
11. silence n. 安静！ keep silent=keep quiet=be quiet 保持安静
12. enter v.=come/ go into 进入---entrance n. 入口
P38~39
1. may 可以；可能---might
2. ask for permission 请求许可---permit v. 允许 permit sb. to do sth.
3. for the same reason 因为相同的理由/ 原因 for this reason 因为这个理由/ 原因
4. for two reasons 因为两个理由
5. borrow v. 借（进） borrow sth. from sb. 向某人借某物
6. lend sth. to sb. =lend sb. sth. 把某物借给某人 lend---lent—lent
7. notice sb. do/ doing sth. 注意到某人做某事
P40~41
1. do some shopping/ cooking/ reading cleaning
2. best fighters against pollution 对抗污染的最好斗士
3. I wonder =I want to know 我想知道
4. communicate with one another 互相交流---communication n.
5. go off v. 响起；消失；离开
6. The electricity goes off. 断电
7. an electrician 一个电工
8. deal with the problem 处理这个问题---dealt--dealt
9. how to deal with~=what to do with ~怎样处理~
10. find out v. 找出；查明；弄清---found---found
11. kettle n. 茶壶
12. a vacuum cleaner n. 吸尘器
14. an air conditioner n. 一台空调---air-conditioned a. 有空调的
15. a washing machine 一台洗衣机
16. a rice cooker 一个电饭煲
17. a fridge n. 一个冰箱
18. an iron n. 一个熨斗
P42~43
1. in an hour 一小时后 （划线用how soon提问）
2. all over the world =throughout the world –the whole world =around the world 全世界
3. have a look at sth. =take a look at sth. 看一看某物
4. think about sth./ doing sth. 考虑做某事 –thought--thought
5. safety first 安全第一
6. safety n. 安全—save v. 节约；拯救—safe a. 安全的—safely adv.
7. give the puppy a bath 给小狗洗个澡
8. lock the door 锁上门
9. look through the peephole 透过猫眼看 peephole n. 窥视孔；猫眼
P44~45
1. make rules v. 制定规则 keep the rules 遵守规则 break the rules 违反规则
2. encourage sb. to do sth. v. 鼓励某人做某事
3. behave v. 表现；举止；--behavior n.
4. stop sb. from doing =keep/ prevent sb. from doing v. 阻止某人做某事
5. the manager of an office/ a factory n. 一个办公室/ 工厂的经理
6. manage to do sth. v. 设法做某事
7. come into the office =enter the office v. 进入办公室
8. his staff n. 他的全体职员 staff是一个复数名词+ are/ do
9. find sb. doing 发现某人在做某事=see sb. doing =notice sb. doing 注意到某人在做某事
10. answer the phone 听电话 answer the door 应门
11. read comics v. 看连环漫画 read—read—read
12. lean out of sp. v. 把身子探出某个地方
13. immediately adv. =right now =right away =at once 立刻；马上
14. customer n. 顾客
15. proper a. 适当的；正当的 ---properly adv.
16. ask sb. (not) to do sth. 请某人（不要）做某事
17. a uniform 一套制服 corridor n. 走廊；通道
P46
1. almost adv. 几乎；差不多 =nearly almost后可以跟否定； nearly后不可以跟否定
2. almost not =hardly adv. 几乎不
3. almost none =hardly any 几乎没有
4. almost never =hardly ever 几乎从不
5. other a. 别的 后+（名词）复数； others n. 别人；别的 后不可以+名词
the others n. =the rest 其余的 后不可以+名词
the other n. 另一个; a. 另一个……后+（名词）单/复
another a. 再一个；另一个；又一个 后+（名词）单/复
6. one…the other…一个……另一个……（用于两者）
7. in my/ his /her other hand 在我 /他/ 她 的另一个手上
8. some…others….有的…有的…；一些……，一些……
9. some…the others….一些……其余的……
10. one after another 一个接一个 =one by one
11. one…another…the third…一个……另一个……第三个……
12. imagine doing sth. 想象做某事
13. make all kinds of goods 制造各种各样的商品
14. entertainment n. 娱乐；消遣
15. wonder(s) n. 奇迹 v. 想知道= want to know wonder---wonderful adj.精彩的；奇妙的
16. in villages 在村庄里
17. on farms 在农场里
18. milk the cow 挤牛奶
19. chop their food 劈，砍，剁他们的食物
20. indeed a. 的确；实际上
21. cook v. 烹调；煮；做菜 n. 厨师---cooker n. 炊具；炉灶
22. light v. 照亮；点燃---lit---lit
P48
1. half a. /n. 一半的；一半 two halves 两半
2. muscle(s) n. 肌肉
3. use a fridge to keep food fresh 用冰箱保鲜食品 =use a fridge for keeping food fresh
4. make our life more convenient 使我们的生活更方便
5. get on the bus 上车---get off the bus 下车
6. need to do stn. 需要做某事
7. enjoy listening to music 喜欢听音乐
8. a good way to relax= a good way of relaxing 一个放松的好方法
9. relax v. 放松---relaxed a. ---relaxing a.---relaxation n.
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