小学英语音标单词整理归纳.doc

小学英语音标单词整理归纳

一、元音音标发音及其单词和例句
前元音：[ i: ] [ I ] [ e ] [ æ ]
[ i: ]
we
these
maybe
evening
he
Chinese
Japanese
me
she
policeman
magazine
piece
people
eighteen
jeep
meet
see
between
three
tree
street
sweep
need
seat
clean
speak
teacher
please
mean
jeans
beach
Easter
meat
eat
bee
sleep
tea
sweet
Halloween
believe
blief

Seeing is believing.眼见为实。
Have a nice day.
Have a sweet dream.甜蜜的梦
What would you like to eat？你想要吃点什么呢？
I like cheese.cheese，please.我想要点奶酪。

[ I ]
puppet
blanket
jacket
basket
eleven
English
in
fifteen
fifty

give
still
him
his
it
miss
office
picture
sit
six
this
window
animal
big
children
cinema
different
fridge
ill
little
live
river
sing
ticket
village
which
with
eighty
everyone
family
many
anything
baby
funny
lovely
only
very
sunny
kid
fish
pig
ship
hospital
drink
milk
chick
chicken
if
city
rabbit
pin
pick
kilo
holiday
Monday

Business is business.公事公办。
Do you live in the city？你是住在城市里吗？
Yes,it’s very noisy.是的，太吵了。
What a pity!真脏啊！

[ e ]
many
any
anything
bed
well
welcome
very
tell
telephone
pen
next
letter
help
hello
guess
get
else
American
address
yes
yellow
twelve
twenty
ten
spell
seven
pencil
let
eleven
egg
dress
desk
went
when
breakfast
head
sweater
bread
weather

net

check
question
elephant
best
men
television
lesson
red

answer the question 回答问题
Do my best(do one’s best)尽我所能（尽某人所能）

[ æ ]
grandfather
hand
hat
have
map
panda
that
animal
back
bad
bank
camera
cap
dad
fax
jacket
Japan
Japanese
man
thank
apple
and
at
bag
am
black
blackboard
can
cat
family
glad
shall
carrot
rabbit
passenger
battle
astronaut
gram
capital
happy
pack

Hand in hand 手拉手
Let the cat out of the bag泄露秘密
后元音：[ ɑ: ] [ ɒ ] [ɔ: ] [ ʊ ] [ u: ]
[ ɑ: ]
basketball
fast
passport
rather
father
glass
class
grass(草)
banana
can’t
dark
car
depart
farmer
card
far
smart
large
barbecue
past
aunt
dance

afternoon
grandfather
grandma
classroom
ask
last
pardon
party
sharpener
garden
Art
cartoon
are
March
park
hard

What are you doing now?
I am looking after my little brother. elder

[ ɒ ]
watch
want
what
wallet
was
box
clock
doctor
dog
not
office
on
of
orange
sorry
stop
doll
from
job
shopping
sock
wrong
fox
wash
because
soft
hot

流行歌曲 pop songs
爱屋及乌 love me,love my dog.

[ɔ: ]
watermelon
water

door
for
forty
or
horse
sports
morning
four
airport
outdoor
indoor
short

all
small
talk
call
walk
wall
fall
ball
also
always
autumn
August

draw
saw
strawberry

a quarter to four
你喜欢那种运动？
What kind of sports would you like?
What’s your favourite sports?你最喜欢的运动是什么？
足球 football
[ ʊ ]
push
classroom
wood
woman
could
pull
cook
peaceful

should
July
foot
goody

would
put
look
book

good
football
bedroom

full of oneself 自以为是
goody-goody 伪善的人

Would you please take a look at my paintings,mum?
I’d love to.They’re wonderful.

[ u: ]
do
who
two
whose

shoe
juice

ruler
blue
June
fool
choose
room
afternoon
school
too
soon
zoo
broom
food
tooth
toothache
noodles
cartoon
moon
boot
goose

Choose between the two 二选一
Make a fool of sb 使某人出丑
Put oneself in sb’s shoes 设身处地

How cool is the machine!
I can operate it.
Yes,it’s fool-proof.
中元音：[ ʌ ] [ ə ] [ ɜː ]
[ ʌ ]
brother
colour
come
mother
some
son
glove
London
lovely
monkey
much
uncle
umbrella
bus
up
supper
plus
mum
lunch
husband
funny
duck
under
number
hundred
cup
but

touch
young
cousin
country

[ ə ]
about
London
policeman
under

banana
computer
watermelon
tiger
mirror
panda
o’clock
welcome
teacher
visitor
woman
today
afternoon
sister
doctor
America
Japanese
brother
number
driver
American
Japan
daughter
mother

camera
England
father
flower
worker

[ ɜː ]
word
world
worker
work

her
hers
term

bird
girl
shirt
thirty
first
birthday
third
circle

turn
surf
hurt
Thursday
nurse
purse

were
early

双元音
[ eɪ ] [ aɪ ] [ ɔɪ ] [ əʊ ] [ aʊ ] [ ɪǝ ] [ eǝ ] [ ʊə ]
[ eɪ ]
cake
game
table
take
age
baby
name
favourite
grade
grape
late
radio
plane
same
classmate
race
date

today
crayon
stay
day
May
away
always
play

E-mail
raincoat
rain
train
wait
They
great
eight

[ aɪ ]
China
find
five
nice
like
rice
mine
tiger
time
white
driver
kite
minus
pineapple
wife
write
behind
beside
bike
child
my
by
fly
cry
sky
high
right
light
night
bright
fight
July
goodbye
pie

[ ɔɪ ]
boy
toy

toilet
join
coin
noise
point

[ əʊ ]
zero
OK
sofa
so
radio
only
nose
hello
go
those
photo
open
old
don’t
close
clothes
home
hope
phone
November
smoke

coat
boat
road
goat

yellow
know
window
show
snow
snowy
low
lower
blow
bowl

[ aʊ ]
brown
now
how
cow
town
flower

about
blouse
mouth
mouse
trousers
count
house
playground
loudly
mountain
around

[ ɪǝ ]
really
theatre

ear
hear
earphones
year
dear
nearby
here

[ eǝ ]
parent
careful
Airport
air
chair
aircondition

there
where

bear
pear
hair
pair

a pair of trousers/glasses
[ ʊə ]
sure
February

三、人称、句型、语法的总结介绍
一课时：be 动词
主讲与人称代词的搭配
1、基本形式：am、are、is
（1） am
第一人称I+am (注意：“I”无论何时都要大写，不管位于句首还是句中)
例：I am a beautiful girl. I am twenty.
（2） are
第二人称you+are; 一人称复数we+are； 三人称复数they+are 其他复数名词+are (注意：第二人称单复数同形，都为you)
例：You are my good friend. We are in the same class.
They are on the road. The books are on the desk.
(3 is
第三人称he(男) +is ; she(女)+is; it(不是人)+is;其他单数名词+is
例：He\She is a good student. It is a white cat.
A dog is on that street.

2、肯定、否定、疑问（等于号后是简写）
肯定
否定——be动词后加not
一般疑问——be动词移到主语前
一般疑问否定
一般疑问回答 肯定和否定
I am… =I’m ….
I am not…=I’m not ...
Am I…?
Am not I…?
Yes,I’m.
No,I’m not.
You are…= you’re…
You are not…=You aren’t…
Are you…?
Are not you. ..? =Aren’t you…?
Yes,you are.
No,you are not.
She\He\It is…=
She\He\It is not… =She\He\It isn’t…
Is she\he\it…?
Is not she\he\it…? =Isn’t she\he\it…?
Yes,she\he\It is.
No,she\he\It is not.
We are=We’re
We are not…=We aren’t…
Are we…?
Are not we…?
=Aren’t we…?
Yes,we are.
No,we are not.
They are=They’re
They are not…=They aren’t
Are they…?
Are not they…?
=Aren’t they…?
Yes,they are.
No,they are not.
例：I am(not) from London.
My eyes are(not) small.
My hair is(not) long.
Am I a Chniese? 回答： 肯定：Yes, you are. 否定： No, you aren’t.

Is the cat fat? 回答：肯定：Yes, it is. 否定： No, it isn’t.
注意：在一般疑问回答中，肯定回答除I’m不可简写,否定回答均可简写。

另：特殊疑问句中：where\how\who\what\why+be动词+人称代词或名词？
例：What is your name? My name is GaoBuHan.
Where are you? I’m in the classroom.
3．总结：Be的用法口诀
  I用am；you、we、they 都 用are；is连着he，she，it；
  单数名词用is,复数名词全用are。
  变疑问，往前提，句末问号莫丢弃。
  变否定，更容易，be后not莫忘记。
  疑问否定任你变，句首大写莫迟疑 。

四、英文音标发音讲解：
一、元音字母在重读音节中的读音
元音字母 读 音 例 词
a 在开音节中 [ei] name plane Jane baby cake
在闭音节中 [?] bag dad hat map black back
e 在开音节中 [i:] he these me Chinese
在闭音节中 [e] bed let pen desk yes egg
i 在开音节中 [ai] bike fly drive time nice kite
在闭音节中 fish big drink sit milk swim
o 在开音节中 [ou] those close go hoe home no
在闭音节中 [C] clock not box shop sock
u 在开音节中 [ju:] student excuse duty Tuesday
在闭音节中 [∧] bus cup jump much lunch
在开音节中，元音字母u在辅音字母j l r s后面时读[u:]音，例如：June blue ruler super
二、元音字母在重读音节中的特殊读音
元音字母 读 音 例 词
a在[w]音后面 [C] want what watch wash quality
a在f n sk ph sp ss st th前 [α:] after plant graph ask grasp glass fast father
i在-nd -ld和gh前 [ai] find child light high
o在-st -ld前 [ou] most postcard old cold
o在m n v th前 [∧] come monkey love mother
三、元音字母在非重读音节中的读音
元音字母 读 音 例 词
a [E]E China another woman breakfast
orange comrade village cabbage
e [E] hundred student open weekend
chicken pocket begin children
i [E]/ holiday beautiful family animal
[ai] exercise satellite
o [E] second tonight somebody welcome
[Eu] also zero photo
u [E] autumn difficult
[ju:] popular congratulation January
动词中的a如果处在开音节位置，a读[ei]音，例如：operate
u处在开音节位置，又在辅音字母j l r s后面时，读[u(:)]音，例如：July influence February issue
在非重读音节中，许多单词中的元音字母a e i 即可以读作[E]音，也可以读作音。
四、-r音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音
元音字组 读 音 例 词
arar在[w]音后面 [α:] car farm dark sharpener
[C:] warm quarter towards
oror在[w]音后面 [C:] forty morning short
[E:] word worker worse
er ir ur [E:] certainly bird Thursday
辅音字母r双写时，前面的元音字母不能与r构成-r音节,而是按重读闭音节的拼读规则发音。例如： carry sorry hurry
-r音节在非重读音节中通常读[E]音，例如：dollar teacher martyr forget Saturday
五、-re音节元音字组在重读音节中的读音
元音字组 读 音 例 词
are [εE] care dare hare
ere [iE] here mere
ire [aiE] fire hire wire
ore [C:] more score before
ure [juE] pure cure
are ere ire ore很少出现在非重读音节中，ure在非重读音节中读[E]音，例如：picture pleasure
重读元音字母加Rr，再加非重读元字组时，重读元音字母应按-re音节拼读规则拼读，字母Rr读 音。例如：parent zero story during inspiring
某些常用词及多音节词经常出现长音短化现象。例如：orange very American paragraph
六、元音字组在重读音节中的读音
元音字组 读 音 例 词
ai/ay [ei] afraid rain wait day play
air [εE] air hair chair pair repair
alal在f m前 [C] small ball talk wall all
[C:l] always also salt almost
[α:] half calm
au/aw [C:] autumn daughter draw
ea [i:] teach easy cheap please
[e] heavy bread sweater weather
[ei] break great
ear [iE] hear dear near clear year
[εE] bear pear wear swear
[E:] earth learn early
ee [i:] jeep week green three
eer [iE] pioneer deer beer
ei/ey [ei] eight neighbour they
[i:] either key
eu/ew在j l r s后 [ju:] new few newspaper
[u:] flew brew jewelry
ie/ei[s]音之后 [i:] piece field receive
oa [ou] coat Joan boat goal
oar/oor [C:] roar board door floor
oi/oy [Ci] noise point boy toilet
oo [u:] broom food tooth school
book look cook foot good
ou/ow [au] flower house count down
[ou] know row throw though
[∧] young country enough
[u:] group you soup
our [C:] course your four
[auE] our hour ours
[E:] journey
ui在j l r s后 [ju:i] fluid suicide tuition
[u:] juice fruit suit
七、非重读音节中元音字组和字群的读音
元音字组或字群 读 音 例 词
ai/ay ei/ey Sunday foreign monkey
ow [ou] yellow sparrow tomorrow
元音字组在非重读音节中读[E]音或。例如:neighbour serious famous biscuit coffee
-sion -tion [Fn] impression nation
-sion在元音字母后 [Vn] vision decision occasion
-tion在s后 [tFEn] question suggestion
-sten [sn] listen
-stle [sl] whistle
-sure [VE] pleasure measure
-ture [tFE] picture culture
八、元字组在复合词非重读音节中的读音
复合词中的第二部分不标注重音符号，但其中的元音字母或元音字组仍按重读音节拼读规则拼读。例如： everyday[ei] handbag[?] blackboard[C:]
有些词随着语言的发展，前后两部分已失去其单独存在的意义，融合成为一个词。其中的非重读部分要按非重读音节的读音规则发音。例如： sun太阳 + day[ei]日子 ＞ Sunday 星期天 holy神圣 + day[ei]日子 ＞ holiday 假日 break中断 + fast[α:]斋戒 ＞ breakfast[E] 早餐 cup茶杯 + board木板[C:] ＞ cupboard[E] 碗柜
九、辅字组的读音
辅字组 读 音 例 词
b bike bus bag
[/] bomb tomb
cc在e前或在i/y前 [k] cake picture coat music
[s] face decide cinema
ch [tF] much chick rich teacher
[k] school headache chemistry
[F] machine
-ck [k] cock pocket black knock
d [d] doctor bread hand day
-dge [dV] bridge fridge
dr- [dr] children driver drink
f [f] five four breakfast
gg在e i/y前 [^] bag garden go
[dV] orange large German
gh [f] cough enough
[/] light daughter high
gu- -guegu在非重读音节中 [^] guess league dialogue
[^w] language anguish
h [h] hot head house hand
[/] hour honest
j [dV] jeep jar joke join July
k [k] kind bike skate make week
kn- [n] knife know knock
l [l] life milk school tall