高中英语(unit1 Learning about Language)教学课件 新人教版选修7 课件.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,不定式是动词的一种非限定形式,由,“,to,+,动词原形,”,构成，没有人称和,数的变化，在句中不能独立作谓语。,但不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特,征，在句中可以作,主语、宾语、宾语,补足语、表语、定语、状语,等。,Grammar:the Infinitive,1.It is good,to help,others.,2.It is my ambition,to make,sure that,the,disabled,people,in our,neighborhood,have,access,to,all,public buildings.,3.My ambition is,to work,in the computer,industry,when,I grow up.,辨别下面不定式在句子中充当的成分,:,subject,subject,Predicative(,表语,),4.I dont have time,to sit,around feeling,sorry,for myself.,5.I am the only student in my class,to,have,a,pet snake.,6.A big company has decided,to buy,it,from me.,7.My fellow students have begun,to,accept,me,for who I am.,attribute,attribute,object,object,8.I have had to work hard,to live,a normal,life,.,9.Some days I am too tired,to get,out of bed.,10.We must call on local government,to,give,financial assistance to disabled,people,.,Adverbial(,状语,),adverbial,object,complement,一,.,不定式在句中的功能,1.,作主语,:,那样做是很幼稚的,.,To act,like that is childish.,为避免句子出现,“,头重脚轻,”,现象，常用,it,做形式主语，将真正主语的不定式后置。,要学好英语不是那么容易的。,e.g.,It is not easy,to learn,English well.,2.,作宾语,她喜欢谈论这件事情。,e.g.,She loves,to talk,about the matter.,他希望不久能找到工作。,He hopes,to find,a job soon.,他答应不把这事告诉任何人。,He promised not,to tell,anyone about it.,常接不定式做宾语的动词有：,afford,agree,aim,arrange,ask,attempt,begin,bother,care,choose,continue,dare,decide,demand,expect,fail,hate,hope,learn,long,manage,mean,need,offer,plan,prefer,prepare,promise,prove,refuse,want,wish,等,.,你记得哪一条路到那儿吗？,Do you remember,which way to get,there?,下一步干什么你决定了吗,?,Have you decided,what to do,next?,我来问他怎么样开这机器。,Ill ask him,how to operate,the,machine.,1),不定式有时和连接代词,/,副词构成宾语。,2),有时不定式由,whether,引起。,I didnt know,whether to laugh,or cry,about it.,3)feel,find,judge,make,think,believe,consider,等动词后如果是不定式做宾语，,补语是形容词,(,间或是名词,),，常用,it,作形,式宾语，把不定式后移。,I find it difficult,to work,with him.,She asked me,to stay,there.,Please allow me,to introduce,Mr.White,to,you.,Father will not allow us,to play,on the street.,My brother asked me,to clean,the room,with,him.,3.,作宾语补足语,:,动词,+,宾语,+,带,to,的不定式,常带,to,的不定式做宾语补足语的动词有,:,ask,beg,prefer,help,promise,wish,want,expect,permit,request,allow,command,tell,invite,cause,encourage,warn,advise,persuade,force,order,remind,teach,等,.,在主动结构中,下列动词后作宾补的动词不定式应,省略,to:“,五看”,(see,watch,notice,observe,look at),“,三使”,(make,let,have)“,两听”,(hear,listen to),“,一感觉”,(feel),。,e.g.Who made him work all night long?,The policeman saw a child play in the street.,Dont make the children do such heavy work.,Shall I have him come here?,但是,改为被动结构后,应补出省略的,to,。,e.g.He was seen to break the window.,The policeman saw a child play in the street.,A,child was seen to play in the street by,the,policeman.,4.,作表语,不定式可用作表语，说明主语的具体内容。,My work is,to clean,the room every day.,我的梦想是成为一名医生。,His dream is,to be,a doctor.,我的工作是帮助病人。,My job is,to help,the patient,5.,作定语,不定式放在被修饰的名词、代词后面，往往,表示未发生的动作。,I have a lot of work,to do,.,She is the first student,to come,to school.,I have some books for you,to read,.,She is looking for a room,to live,in,.,There is nothing,to worry about,.,6.,作状语,目的状语,:,常用的结构,to,do;in order to do,so as to do,so/such as to do,etc.,I come here,to say,good-bye to you.,结果状语,:,常与,only,enough,或,too,连用。,He studied hard only,to fail,the exam.,He is old enough,to go,to school.,原因状语,:,一般用在句尾,Im glad,to see,you.,She wept,to see,the sight.,二,.,不定式的否定结构：,不定式的否定结构多由“,not+,不定式”构成，,否定副词,not,never,seldom,hardly,等要置于,to,前。,请告诉你的小孩不要在街上玩耍。,Please tell your child,not to,play in the street.,她检查名字为了不犯错误。,She checked the names,so,as,not,to,make,mistakes,.,三,.,不定式的时态：,一般时表示的动作,有时与谓语动词表示的,动作同时发生,有时发生在谓语动词表示的,动作之后。,He,seems to know,this.,他似乎知道这事。,I,hope,to,see,you again.,我希望再见到你。,2.,完成时表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的,动作之前。,很抱歉给了你这么多麻烦。,Im sorry,to,have given,you so much trouble.,3.,一般进行时表示的动作正在进行,与谓语,动词表示的动作同时发生。,他好象正在吃什么东西。,He,seems to be,eating,something.,4.,完成进行时表示的动作从过去开始并延续,至说话的时候。,据说她研究这问题有好多年了。,She is,said to have been working,on the,problem for many years.,Practice,She reached the top of the hill and,stopped,_,on a big rock by the side of the path.,A.to have rested B.resting,C.to rest D.rest,2.Were planning _ a party next week.,A.to have B.have,C,.having,D,.had,C,A,3.-Which do you prefer _ your weekends,fishing,or watching TV?,-Neither,.,A.Spending,B,.to spend,C.being spent,D,.spend,4.Did you find out _ the pie out of the oven?,A.When to take,B,.to take,C.have taken,D,.being taken,B,A,5._ get a complete picture,further,information,is needed.,A.In order that,B,.In order to,C.Being,D,.To have,6.,Its,necessary _ some English grammar.,A.for students to learn,B.for students learning,C.of students to learn,D.of students learning,B,A,7.I ought to _ him the news,but I forgot to,do,so.,A.remember to tell,B.remember telling,C.have remembered to tell,D.have remembered telling,C,8,.I _ you the exciting news,but you,were,not,at home.,A.meant telling,B,.meant to telling,C.meant to having told,D,.meant to tell,D,For more exercises,click here.,高考链接,1.,I,like getting up very early in,summer,.The morning air is so,good,_.,(,2008,全国,I,卷,),A.,to be breathed,B.to breathe,C.breathing,D.being breathed,B,2,.,Did the book give the information you,needed,?,Yes.But _ it,I had to read the,entire,book.,(,2008,北京卷,),A.,to find,B.find,C.to finding,D.finding,3.I feel greatly honored _ into their society.,(,2008,北京卷,),A,.,to welcome,B.welcoming,C,.to be welcomed,D,.welcomed,A,C,4,._ the project as planned,well have,to work two more hours a day.,(,2008,湖南卷,),A.Completing,B.Complete,C.Completed,D.To complete,5,.If there is a lot of work,_,_,_,I,m,happy to,just keep on until it is finished.,(2008,上海卷,),A.to do,B,.to be doing,C.done,D,.doing,D,A,6.When asked why he went there,he,said he was sent there _ for a,space,flight.(07,江西卷,),A.training B.being trained,C.to have trainedD.to be trained,7.The children talked so loudly at dinner,table that I had to struggle _.,(07,浙江卷,),A.to be heard,B,.to have heard,C.hearing,D,.being heard,D,A,1,.,Summarize,the rules of infinitive,in,your own way.,2,.Finish the exercises of the textbook,on,Page 5.,Homework,