nuclear-energy教学文稿.pptx

cultivate your interest in learning about the advanced theories in physics,understand and utilize discourse moves in a text,read English scientific papers from international top journals in physics,write a summary or abstract for a scientific paper-Physics:Quantum Computing,develop your word-building abilities in EST,e.g.prefix:multi-;super-;inter-;astro-;hypo-;antonym:anti-;in-;etc.,develop your ability to change sentences into nominalized ones and combine short sentences into a long sentence.,develop your discourse understanding ability,#,Learning Objectives,Unit 10 Physics,Unit 10 Nuclear Energy,Learning Objectives,Cultivate your interest in learning about the advanced,theories in nuclear fields,Enlarge your vocabulary related to the subject,Read English scientific article about the history of,nuclear power plant history,Enrich your vocabulary related to the subject of nuclear,energy,Realize how a nuclear power plant works,Lead in:Brainstorming,What do you have in your mind when it comes to nuclear power plants?,Lead in:Brainstorming,When asked about nuclear power plants,you may say that you know something as follows:,International Atomic Energy Agency,国际原子能机构,nuclear disasters,核灾难,nuclear energy,核能,nuclear energy policy,核能政策,nuclear engineering,核工程,nuclear explosion,核爆炸,nuclear fallout,核微粒飘降物,nuclear fission,核裂变,nuclear fuel,核燃料,nuclear fusion,核聚变,nuclear meltdown,核泄漏,nuclear physics,核物理,nuclear reaction,核反应,nuclear reactor,核反应堆,nuclear weapon,核武器,cold fusion,冷聚变,containment building,安全壳,Pictures Nuclear Power Plant,a nuclear power plant,核电站是利用核分裂,(Nuclear Fission),或核融合,(Nuclear Fusion),反应所释放的的能量产生电能的发电厂。目前商业运转中的核能发电厂都是利用核分裂反应而发电。,Nuclear Power Plant,核电站以核反应堆来代替火电站的锅炉，以核燃料在核反应堆中发生特殊形式的“燃烧”产生热量，来加热水使之变成蒸汽。蒸汽通过管路进入汽轮机，推动汽轮发电机发电。一般说来，核电站的汽轮发电机及电器设备与普通火电站大同小异，其奥妙主要在于核反应堆。,a sample nuclear fuel component element,Nuclear Power Plant,a nuclear reactor,the central part of a nuclear power plant,Our Universe,the inside of a nuclear power plant,Our Universe,A reporter,receiving radiative examination before he leaves the nuclear factory just visited,Teaching Procedures,1,While-reading Task(1),2,Post-reading Task(1),3,Discourse Understanding(1),4,Pre-reading Task(1),Pre-reading Task,What is a nuclear power plant?Explain it in English rather than in Chinese.,1,A nuclear power plant is a place where people make electricity with heat from nuclear reactions.Where the nuclear reaction happens is called reactor.Electricity made by nuclear power plants has a special name,nuclear power.,Pre-reading Task,Nuclear power plants are usually located near water,that the heat reactors make may be removed conveniently,and this is usually accomplished by a special part called cooling towers.Nuclear power plants usually use as fuel radioactive elements such as uranium.When the reactor is on,uranium atoms inside the reactor split into two smaller atoms and give off a large amount of heat.This splitting of atoms is called fission.,1,Pre-reading Task,What are the elements most frequently used in nuclear power plants?,2,The most popular atoms to fission are uranium and plutonium(,钚,).Though uranium atoms are slightly radioactive,radioactivity of the atoms produced when uranium breaks apart are strong.Today,fission only happens in nuclear reactors in a well arranged scheme.Nuclear power plants turn their reactors off to replace old fuel with new fuel.,Pre-reading Task,Get to know nuclear reactor,the central and distinct part of a nuclear power plant.,3,The nuclear reactor is the central part of a nuclear power plant.In it,heat is produced by nuclear fission.When the heat is changed into steam in steam generator and the steam is used to power electric turbines(,汽轮机,),there comes out electricity.Different fuels are used according to the special design of the nuclear reactor.Most often,uranium-235 or plutonium-239 are the main components of fuels.,Pre-reading Task,3,While most nuclear reactors are used to produce electricity,some are for other purposes,for instance,making neutrons for science research,making radioactive isotopes,etc.Some universities have small nuclear reactors to teach students how reactors work.,Pre-reading Task,3,The Susquehanna Steam Electric Station,（哈纳蒸汽发电站）,a boiling water reactor.The reactors are located inside the rectangular containment buildings towards the front of the cooling towers.,Pre-reading Task,3,Three nuclear powered ships,(top to bottom)nuclear cruisers,USS Bainbridge,and,USS Long Beach,with,USS Enterprise,the first nuclear powered aircraft carrier in 1964.Crew members are spelling out Einsteins mass-energy equivalence formula,E=mc2,on the flight deck.,Pre-reading Task,A sketch map of how a nuclear power plant works,the way a nuclear power plant works,4,Text,Analysis,Part I How it works(The mechanism of nuclear energy production),Nuclear energy is produced when the nucleus of an uranium atom is hit by a neutron traveling at the right speed,which is called nuclear fission.,Q,uestions,1.At what time and by what was nuclear energy produced?,2.What was nuclear energy used for in 1940s?,And what was nuclear energy used for in 1950s?,3.What was nuclear energy used for since 1960s?,Part II Discovery and the birth of an industry,Nuclear energy produced by nuclear fission was recognized in the late 1930s.In the 1940s,nuclear energy was used for building atomic bombs.In the 1950s,it began to be used for a peaceful purpose.But starting from the mid-1960s,when larger and larger nuclear power plants began to be built,serious problems occurred,such as ill-management and costs.,Question,List safety issues in brief.,Part III Safety issues,The core melt-down at Three Mile Island,2(,三里岛堆芯熔毁,),in 1979 and the explosion and fire at Chernobyl 3 in 1986 put the safety issues of nuclear energy in the spotlight.,Part IV Recent developments,In the U.S.,nuclear reactors are increasing their output;nuclear power has gained new adherents,including some environmentalists because it plays a significant role in cutting emissions.,In Europe,nuclear energy has also begun to be looked on more favorably.,