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,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。谢谢。本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。谢谢。本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。,谈谈情态动词-,Modal Verbs,我们常见英文动词有：及物动词-,Transitive Verbs,不及物动词-,Intransitive Verbs,助动词-,Auxiliary Verbs,联络动词-,Link Verbs,和情态动词-,Modal Verbs,还有其它；非谓语动词：如动词不定式，动名词,情态动词和其它动词连用，可表示说话人 语气或态度。,情态动词可表示提议，要求，可能和意愿等。,情态动词没有些人称和数改变。,情态动词集锦,1/65,Possibility:,Ability:,Requests:,Necessity:,Certainty:,Permission:,Suggestions:,Advice:,can/could,may/might,can/could,be able to,can/could,will/would,would like,must,have to,have got to,need,must,will,should,can/could,may/might,could,may/might,shall,should,ought to,had better,2/65,常见情态动词有：,can,能,may,能够,will,，,would,（,表意愿）,need,需要,dare,敢,must,必须,have to,不得不,shall,，,should,应该（表义务）,ought to,应该,情态动词定义,:,情态动词是一个本身有一定词义,表示说话人情绪,态度或语气动词,但不能单独作谓语,只能和其它动词原形组成谓语。,3/65,can/may/must/need,问句回答方式,Can/Could you do sth,.?,Yes,I/we/can/could,No,I we,cant/couldnt,May I do sth.?,Yes,No,you,Must I/we do sth.?,Yes,No you,Need I do sth.?,Yes,No,you,疑问句式,必定句式,否定答式,you may.,mustnt/may not.,you must,neednt/dont have to.,you must.,neednt/dont have to.,4/65,一.,can,和,could,用于表示“可能”或“推测”，表示说话人能，能够，准许以及客观条件许可，,could,为,can,过去式,1.1,表能力，有“能”、“会”、“能够”意思,比如：,Can you drive a car?,你会开车吗？,-,Yes,I can.,我会。,-,No,I cant.,我不会。,1.2,表允许，在口语中代替,may,，,有“能够”意思,比如：,Can I use your bike?,我能够用你自行车吗？,1.3,表示可能性，惯用于否定句和疑问句,比如：,Can it be true?,那会是真吗？,Today is Sunday.He cant be at school.,今天是星期天。他不可能在学校里,1.4过去式,could,表示语气愈加委婉、客气比如：,Could I come to see you tomorrow?,明天我能够来见你吗？,5/65,1.5.can,与,be able to,be able to,即使也能够译作“能”,但更强调“能力”,e.g.,Will you be able to come?,Im able to do the work all by myself.,二者使用方法区分在于,can,不能作不定式,而,be able to,则能,e.g.,He will _do the work better.,A.Can B.be able to,答案为,B,can,不用于完成时,e.g.,They have been able to use the computer since they came here.,can,可用于未来时,但句中须有时间状语,e.g.,You can use this machine next week.,(can,意为”能够”不表能力,),当然,不能够同时使用表示未来助动词,will,或,shall(be able to,能够,),6/65,过去时比较,was/were able to,意含”经过努力”“凭借才能”取得”能力”常与”,manage to”,相通,e.g.,He started early,and he was able to arrived the earliest.,They worked hard,so they were able to do more for the company.,They were short of modern machines,but they were able to complete the project in time.,could,可表示具备能延续长时间能力,e.g.,He could write beautiful prose when he was only 5.,could,只表有能力，,be able to,还能够表示结果,c.f.,He could cure the old mans illness.,(,他能治好这老人病,),He was able to cure the old mans illness,(,他治好了这老人病,),7/65,未来时比较,can,表示”能力”时,只有具备两个条件时才可用于未来时,那就是,一,句子中有时间状语,二,句子主语只能是第一人称,e.g.,I can do the work better next time.,You can use this machine next week.,（此句,can,表示“能够”，不表示“能力”）,8/65,can,和,could,表示“可能”“推测”,He cant be at home.(,否定句),他不可能在家。,Can the news be true?,这消息可能是真吗？,Anybody can make a mistake.(,只表示理论上可能性),任何人都可能犯错误。,4.,At that time we thought the story could not be true.(,表示过去可能性),那时我们认为所说故事不可能是真。,9/65,假如谈论过去某个时间,有能力且做到了某事，,用,was/were able to,而不是,could,10/65,Tom has started an exercise program.He,was able to,run two miles,yesterday,without stopping.,11/65,在否定句中，,could,与,was/were able to,没有区分,Tom couldnt run,(wasnt able to run)five miles yesterday.,12/65,5.,An accident can happen if you do this.(,表示事情必定会发生)-假如你这么做，可能会发生以外。,二.,may,和,might,用于表示“实际上可能性”或“预测”,1.,It may rain tomorrow.(,表示可能会发生),明天可能会下雨。,2.,It may snow later this afternoon.(,表示预测),今天下午可能会下雪。,3.,You might be right.(,表示有可能),你可能是正确。,13/65,4.,It is possible he may have called while we were out.(,现在完成型,may have called),当我们出门时，他有可能会打电话来。,5.,Sam might have taken the money,but it seems unlikely.(,过去完成式型-,might have taken),钱可能会是,Sam,拿走，但又不太像。,6.,If you took some exercise,you might not be so fat.(might,用于条件句),要是你锻炼锻炼，可能不会这么胖。,14/65,shall,和,will,比较,比较内容,必定句,疑问句,shall,表示“威胁”、“警告”、“允诺”语气,与第一、三人称连用，表示咨询对方意见,Will/would,1）表示“习惯”,2）表示“愿意/望”,3）表示“必定性”,与第二人称连用，表示咨询对方意见,1.If you _follow my advice,I _offer you some help.,2._you meet him right now or _ he wait outside,sir?,will,shall,Will,shall,15/65,used to,和,would,比较,1,、,would,主要表示过去一段时间内某种习惯，常与表示过去时间状语连用，意为“总要，总是”,used to,主要表示过去存在不过现在已不再存在习惯，意为“过去经常”。,On Sundays he _go to call on the old man when he was young.,I _get up late,but now I have got used to getting up very early.,Xiao Li _be a model worker.He is now a university student.,would,used to,used to,16/65,7.,Electric irons could be dangerous;they might give you a severe shock.,电熨斗会有危险，它可能使你受到严重电击。,三.,will,和,would,用于表示“预测”或“习惯性”,will,用于组成 未来时是助动词。用于表示“意志”“决心”“请求”是情态动词。,would,亦同理。,e.g He,will,be here this afternoon.(,助动词),Will,you tell her that Im here.(,情态动词),17/65,2.用于各种人称，表示“意志”“决心”“允诺”,e.g.I will try.,我愿意一试。,3,在疑问句中用于第二人称，提出请求或问询,比如：,If you want help,，,let me know,will you?,假如你需要帮助，让我知道，好吗？,Will you type this,please?,请打印这个，好吗？,Wont you sit down?,请坐下，好吗？,4.,would,比,will,客气委婉,比如：,Would you help us,please?,请您帮助我们，好吗？（表请求）,Id go there with you.,我要和你一块到那儿去。（表意愿）,Dad wouldnt allow it.,父亲不会允许这件事。（表许可）,18/65,四.,shall,和,should,使用方法。,1.,Each member shall wear a name card.(,表示要求,),每一个会员必须配带名卡。,2.,I should answer his letter as soon as possible.(,表示应该,),我应该尽快给他回信。,3.,You shouldnt judge a man always by the clothes.(shouldnt,“,不应该”含有劝说意思,),你不应该总是以貌取人。,19/65,4.,The rules shall take effect on,Jan.1st.,(shall,用于规章等，表示义务和要求,),新规则于一月一日起生效。,5.Shall I turn on the light,Mom?,妈妈，我把灯打开好吗？（用于征求对方意见，情态动词）,I shall be there.,我会到那儿去。（表“决心”，情态动词）,6.should,用于组成未来时是助动词。,should,用于表示“应该”“猜测”是情态动词,比如：,We thought we should never see you again.,我们认为再也见不到你了。（组成普通过去未来时，助动词）,I should write some letters tonight.,今晚我得写几封信。（表“应该”，情态动词）,They should be there by now.,他们现在可能到了。（表“猜测”，情态动词）,20/65,五.,must,用于表示“必定”“必须”,1.,must,表示必须，否定回答时用,needn,t.,mustn,t,表示不许可,e.g.1)Must I come tonight?-No,you neednt.,2)You mustntt smoke in the hospital.,2.,must,用于必定句，能够表示推测，翻译为：一定或想必。后面接动词普通时，表示对现在推测，接动词完成式，表示对过去推测。对过去推测是考试重点,1)Shemustlivenearhere,forshecomestoworkonfoot.2)Shewasabsentfromclass.Theremusthavebeen somethingwrongwithher.,3)Thelightwasout.Theymusthavegonetobed.,21/65,must,使用方法例子,This must be good for you.(must be,必定),这必定对你是有益。,2）,All animals must die.(,表示必定会发生事情),全部人一定会死。,3）,Mustnt there be a mistake?(mustnt,多用于疑问句),那必定会有错误吗？,22/65,ought to&should,ought to,“,有责任、有义务做某事”,You,ought to,start,the work at once.,你得马上开始工作。,23/65,should,“,劝说、提议”,You,should,start,the work at once.,你应该马上开始工作。,ought to,语气,稍重,一些,24/65,ought to/should,“,非常有可能,”,It is Saturday afternoon.They,ought to/should,be back home.,25/65,六.,ought to,用于表示“想必会”语气比,must,弱,They ought to be there by now.,他们想必已经到那儿了。,2.,He ought to stop smoking.,他最好不要抽烟了。,26/65,He must be reading,isnt,he?,You must do it yourself,dont,you?,He must have gone over the article,hasnt he?,It must have rained last night,didnt it?,表猜测语气反意疑问句组成,27/65,情态动词使用方法：表示：“许可”“请求”,一.,can,和,could,用于表示“许可”“请求”,Can I go with you?(,请求),我能跟你一起走吗？,2.,Father said I could go to the cinema.(,过去许可),父亲说我能够去看电影。,3.,Could I ask you something?(,请求，用,could,比,can,更婉转),我能够问你一件事情吗？,28/65,4.,You can come in.(,表示允许，常见于口语中),你能够进来。,5.,You cant smoke in the meeting room.(cant,表示“禁止”),会议室里不准吸烟。,6.,Cant you do it now?(,表示反问),你不能现在做吗？,29/65,二.,will,和,would,表示“请求”,Will you kindly tell me the way to the post office?(,表示客气请求),请问邮局怎么走？,2.,Would you give me your address?(,用,would,比,will,更客气。),请你告诉我你地址，好吗？,30/65,情态动词,+,不定式完成式是历年高考热点之一，可表示“推测”、“责备”、“怀疑”等各种意义。,1.must have done,2.may/might have done,3.cant couldnt jave done,4.should/ought to have done,5.shoulnt/oughtnt to have done,6.could have done,7.neednt have done,8.would rather have done,31/65,情态动词表示“推测”使用方法。,1.,情态动词表示“推测”使用方法,情态动词表示“推测”时，要记住以下两种推测和形式,推测：,对过去发生动作或状态推测；,对现在状态推测。,两种形式：用情态动词加完成时态表示对过去发生动作或状态推测；,用情态动词加动词原型表示对现在发生动作或状态推测。,详细使用方法以下：,32/65,9.1,must have done,表示过去一定做了什么，语气十分必定,比如：,You must have finished your work.,你一定完成了你工作。,9.2,can,t have done,表示过去不可能做了什么，语气也比较必定,(,是上面否定形式,),比如：,He can,t have gone to Beijing,for I had a talk with him just now.,他不可能去过北京，因为我刚和他交谈过。,9.3,needn,t have done,表示过去没有必要做什么但已经做了。,比如：,You needn,t have come earlier.,你不需要来这么早。,9.4,should have done,过去该做什么但没有做。,(,含有责备意思,),。,比如：,You should have started earlier.,你本应该早点开始。,33/65,9.5,shouldn,t have done,表示过去不该做什么但做了。,(,含有责备意思,),比如：,You shouldn,t have helped him,he could,do it himself.,你本不该帮助他，他能自己做。,9.6,ought to have done,表示过去该做什么而没有做。,(,是职责和义务,),比如：,You ought to have helped him.(but you didn,t.),你应该帮助他。,9.7,can/could do sth.,表示对现在情况猜测，惯用于否定句、疑问句或感叹句中。,比如：,This news can,t be true.,这消息不可能是真。,9.8,may/might do sth.,表示对现在情况猜测，惯用于必定句中。,比如：,Mr.Wang may know Professor Li,s telephone number.,王先生可能知道李教授电话号码。,34/65,Dear John,Thank you for your letter.I dont think I _ give you any advice.I dont think the manager _ trust you.It sounds as if he has decided that you _ be the thief.Do you have to continue working at this company?Maybe you _ find another job where the people are more friendly.I think that you _ enjoy that more.,Fill in the blanks with the proper modal verbs.,will would can could must,should may might,can,will,must,should/can,may/might/will,35/65,If you stay at the meat factory,you _ not be able to be happy.Besides,if you stay,the thief _ do something bad to you.I dont think that _ be very pleasant.If he played a bad trick on you,the manage _ say you were the thief and call in the police.That _ have serious results.I think the best thing you _ do now is to look for another job and hope that it _ turn out better.,Yours,Mary,will,may/will/might,will,might/would,may/will/might,can/should,will/would,36/65,1.The ground is rather wet,so it _have rained last night,didnt it?,2.Tom _have gone to Shanghai,but Im still not sure about it.,3.The ground is very dry,so it _have rained last night.,4.Someone must have broken into our bedroom.Who_have done it?,5.I really regretted wasting the hours when I _have studied hard,but it was too late.,must,may,cant,could,should,37/65,6.Your home is not far from your school,so you _have left in such a hurry then.,7.I _have come to help you with your English,but I was too busy at that time.,8.Im very sorry for the words I_ have said to you at that moment.,9.-I paid a visit to New York last month and we stayed at a nice hotel.,-Oh,you _have stayed with Barbara.She is always willing to do you a favour.,shouldnt,could,neednt,would rather,38/65,He must be reading,isnt,he?,You must do it yourself,dont,you?,He must have gone over the article,hasnt he?,It must have rained last night,didnt it?,3.,表猜测语气反意疑问句组成,39/65,1.-,When Can I come for the photos?I need them tomorrow afternoon.,-They _ be ready by 12:00.,can B.should,C.might D.need,40/65,2.-,Could I call you by your first name?,-Yes,you _.,A.will B.could,C.may D.might,41/65,3.,The fire spread through the hotel very quickly,but everyone _ get out.,A.had to B.would,C.could,D.was able to,42/65,4.,Johnny,you _ play with the knife,you _ hurt yourself.,wont;cant,mustnt;may,should;must,cant;shouldnt,43/65,5.-,There were already five people in the car but they managed to take me as well.,-It _ a comfortable trip.,cant be,shouldnt be,mustnt have been,couldnt have been.,44/65,6.,Its nearly seven oclock.Jack _ be here at any moment.,must B.need,C.should D.can,45/65,7.-,Shall I tell John about it?,-No,you _,Ive told him already.,neednt,wouldnt,mustnt,shouldnt,46/65,8.,Peter _ come with us tonight,but he isnt very sure yet.,A.must B.may,C.can D.will,47/65,9.,A computer _ think for itself,it must be told what to do.,A.cant,B.couldnt,C.may not,D.might not,48/65,10.,Where is my pen?,I _ it.,A.might lose,B.would have lost,C.should have lost,D.must have lost,49/65,11.-,Shall we go skating,or stay at home?,-Which _ do,yourself?,A.do you rather,B.would you rather,C.will you rather,D.should you rather,50/65,12.,He _ you more help,even though he was very busy.,A.might have given,B.might give,C.may have given,D.may give,51/65,13.,I thought you _ like something to read,so I have brought you some books.,A.may B.might,C.could D.must,52/65,14.,The plant is dead.,I _ it more water.,A.will,B.would have given,C.must give,D.should have given,53/65,15.-,Will you stay for,lunch?,-Sorry,_.My,brother is coming,to see me.,A.I mustnt B.I cant,C.I neednt D.I wont,54/65,16.-,May I go there before lunch?,-No,_.,A.you mustnt,B.you may not,C.youd better not,D.all the above,55/65,17.-_,we go out for a walk?,-Good idea.What time shall we meet?,A.Shall B.Let,C.Will D.Must,56/65,全国高考试题回放,1.,A leftluggage office is a place where bags _be left for a short time,especially at a railway station.A.should B.can C.must D.will,2.,How _ you say that you really understand the whole story if you have covered only part of the article?A.can B.must C.need D.may,3.,The room is so dirty._ we clean it?,-Of course.A.Will B.Shall C.Would D.Do,B,A,B,57/65,4.,My English-Chinese dictionary has disappeared.Who _ have taken it?A.should B.must C.could D.would,5.,Is John coming by train?,-He should,but he _ not.He likes driving his car.A.must B.can C.need D.may,6.,I heard they went skiing in the mountains last winter.-It _ true because there was little snow there.,A.may not be B.wont be C.couldt be D.mustnt be,C,D,C,58/65,7.,It has been announced that candidates _ remain in their seats until all the paper have been collected.,A.can B.will C.may D.shall,8.,I hear youve got a set of valuable Australian coins._ I have a look?,-Yes,certainly.,A.Do B.May C.Shall D.Should,9.,Oh,Im feeling well in the stomach,I _ so much fried chicken jusf now.,A.shouldnt eat B.mustnt have eaten,C.shouldnt have eaten D.mustnt eat,D,B,C,59/65,10.,I was really anxious about you.You _ home without a word.,A.mustnt leave B.shouldnt have left,C.couldnt have left D.neednt leave,11.,You cant imagine that a well-behaved gentlemen _ be so rude to a lady.,A.might B.need C.should D.would,12.,Write to me when you get home.,-_.,A.I must B.I should C.I will D.I can,B,C,C,60/65,13.,Mr.Bush is on time for everything.How _it be that he was late for the opening ceremony?,A.can B.should C.may D.must,14.,Are you coming to Jeffs party?,-Im not sure.I _ go to the concert instead.,A.must B.would C.should D.might,15.,My sister met him at the Grand Theatre yesterday afternoon,so he _ your lecture.,A.couldnt have attended B.neednt have attended,C.mustnt have attended D.shouldnt have attended,A,D,A,61/65,16.,Sorry,Im late.I _ have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again.,A.might B.should C.can D.will,17.,There was a lot of fun at yesterdays party.You _ come,but why didnt you?,A.must have B.should C.need have D.ought to have,18.,When can I come for the photes?I need them tomorrow afternoom.,-They _ be ready by by 12:00.,A.can B.should C.might D.need,A,D,B,62/65,19.,I stayed at a hotel while in New York.-Oh,did you?You _ with Barbara.A.could have stayed B.could stay C.would stay D.must have stayed,20.,The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone _ get out.,A.had to B.would C.was able to D.could,21.,Jack _ yet,otherwise he would have telephoned me.,A.mustnt have arrived B.shouldnt have arrived,C.cant have arrived D.neednt have arrived,A,C,C,63/65,22.,When he was there,he _ go to that coffee shop at the corner after work everyday.A.would B.should C.had better D.might,23.,Sir,you _ be sitting in this waiting room.It is for woman and children only.A.oughtnt to B.cant C.
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