秘书英文写作.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,Unit 1,Application Letter,Application letter,第一步：介绍消息来源,介绍消息来源实际上是求职信的开篇交待句，它可使求职信显得自然、顺畅；而不介绍消息来源，会使收信人感到意外、突然，文章也缺乏过渡、照应，例如,Dear manager,I learned from the newspaper that your company wanted to hire an English translator.,第二步：表明求职心愿,介绍完消息来源后，应向收信人表明自己的求职心愿，即写信的目的。本人求职心愿可作如下介绍：,Im interested in this job very much.Id like to get this job.,第三步：介绍个人简历,某单位需要新人，求职人也有求职心愿，但这并不意味着这项工作非你莫属。如果你没有干好这项工作的经历、实力，也是难以适应的。因此，介绍个人简历是必不可少的，例如：,Now Id like to introduce myself to you.My name is Li Ping.Im 30 years old.Im 180 cm tall.Im healthy.I like swimming,singing and dancing in my spare time.I graduated from Beijing University in 1994.Then，I went to work in Nantong Middle School.In 1996，I began to work in Suzhou Middle School and I have worked there until now.,第四步：摆出求职优势,仅有一定的工作经历而没有自身的优势和特长，也很难求得称心如意的工作。因此，求职时应表明自己除了具有一定的工作经历之外，还具有一定的优势和特长，这样才能稳操胜券，例如：,I work hard and I can get along well with others.Im good at English and especially my spoken English is very good.Ive translated many Chinese books into English.I can understand Japanese and I can talk to foreigners in Japanese freely.,第五步：提出获职打算,丰富的工作经验，一定的优势和特长，只能代表过去和现在的情况，如果获职后自以为心愿已了，从此高枕无忧，马虎从事，那也是得不到用人单位认可的。显然表明获职后努力工作的决心是感动用人单位的领导从而顺利谋得此项工作的重要一环。例如：,If you agree with me,Ill work hard and try to be a good translator.,第六步：请求答复联系,如果单位领导同意了你的求职要求，你必然要请他和你联系，以便你及时做好准备，到用人单位应聘或报到。为准确起见，请求答复联系时你还应当提供你的通讯地址、邮政编码、电话号码、电子信箱等。例如：,If you agree with me,please write a letter to me or phone me.I live at No.1 Renmin Road,Suzhou city.My telephone number is 3654371.,第七步：表明感激之情,无论你的请求是否能够得到满意的答复，你给用人单位写信就是给对方添了麻烦，因此你应向对方表明感激之情，例如：Thank you very much.上述七步内容联成一个整体。,商务书信写作的十点注意事项,1.切忌主客不分或模糊。例子:,Deciding to rescind the earlier estimate,our report was updated to include$40,000 for new equipment,Deciding to rescind our earlier estimate,we have updated our report to include$40,000 for new equipment.,2.句子不要零碎。,He decided not to audit the last ten contracts.Because of our previous objections about compliance.,He decided not to audit the last ten contracts because of our previous objections about compliance.,3.结构对称,令人容易理解。例子:,The owner questioned the occupants lease intentions and the fact that the contract had been altered with ink markings.,The owner questioned the occupants lease intentions and ink alterations of the contract.,4.单复数不要搞乱.例如:,An authorized person must show that they have security clearance.,Authorized persons must show that they have security clearance.,5.动词和主语要呼应。想想这两个句子的分别:,This is one of the public-relations functions that is under-budgeted.,This is one of the public-relations functions,which are under-budgeted.,6.时态和语气不要转换太多。,7.标点要准确。例如:,He did not make repairs,however,he continued to monitor the equipment.,He did not make repairs;however,he continued to monitor the equipment.,8.选词正确。像affect和effect，operative和operational等等就要弄清楚才用。,9.拼字正确。有电脑拼字检查功能后，就更加不能偷懒。,10.大小写要注意。除非必要不要整个词都大写，除非要骂人。例如:MUST change to OS immediately.外国人就觉得不礼貌和喝令人一样。要强调的话，用底线，斜字，粗体就可以了。,Dear sirs,Please excuse me for taking some of your time with this unexpected letter and thank you for your attention.I am about to graduate from South China Normal University with a Master degree.It is my honor to introduce myself.,As a postgraduate in the new century,I am full of vigor and vitality.My solid knowledge structure and my enthusiasm for the position will help me to do it better and better.In my studies I am trained strictly and systematically.Both in the class-time and my spare time,I have learned so much business knowledge relating to finance.I am familiar with WINDOWS systems and OFFICE software and keen on Internet.,I am assertive and apprehensive,constructive and creative,ingenious and generous,dutiful and faithful.I hope you will kindly consider my application and give me an answer at your earliest convenience.,Enclosed please find my resume.,Thank you so much for your time and consideration.,With regards.,Respectfully yours,Unit Six,Apology,12,I.Background Information,Each of us has,at one time or another,said or done something that we wish we hadnt said or done.Rather than dwell on the mistake,however,we should take quick action to remedy the problem and then get on with life.An effective letter of apology is an important part of that process and can help turn lemons into lemonade and actually,improve,a relationship.,13,II.Types of Apology Letter,Personal Apology Letter,Business Apology Letter,Personal apology,Write this apology as soon as possible after the incident.Focus on actions you are taking to rectify the situation,rather than on any damage you may have caused.A sincere,well-worded apology can go a long way toward patching up a damaged relationship.Back up your apology with considerate behavior in the future.,14,II.Types of Apology Letter,Business apology,Write this apology as soon as possible after the incident.It should be clear,concise,and dignified.Focus on actions you are taking to rectify the situation,rather than on any resultant damage.A sincere,well-worded apology can go a long way toward winning back disgruntled customers and business associates.,15,III.Requirements,Timing:,Write the apology letter as soon as possible.,Action:,Rather than focusing on the damage you have caused,write about things you will do to rectify the situation.,Brevity:,Keep your apology letter short and to the point.,Sincerity:,No one wants to read overly dramatic language.Choose your words carefully and express yourself clearly and simply.,16,III.Requirements,Tone:,Your apology letter should be considerate and respectful.Remember,you are trying to rebuild a damaged relationship.,Blame:,Take full responsibility for what you have done.,Following up:,Try to set up a time when you can apologize in person,then back up your apology with considerate behavior in the future.,17,IV.Apology Letter Tips,For hurt feelings,Write this apology as soon as possible after the incident.Assume your reader has good reason for being offended.Express your regret with deep sincerity.In this situation,it is usually best to apologize with a handwritten note or face to face.,18,IV.Apology Letter Tips,For missing a meeting or an appointment,Whether you have already missed an appointment or will miss an appointment in the future,an explanatory note is a courtesy that will be appreciated.It shows you do take the relationship seriously.Be concise and polite.,19,IV.Apology Letter Tips,For missing an event or for forgetting someone,Write this apology as soon as possible after the incident.Focus your comments on what you are doing to rectify the situation rather than on any damage you may have caused.A sincere,well-worded apology can go a long way toward patching up a damaged relationship.Back up your apology with considerate behavior in the future.,20,IV.Apology Letter Tips,For being late to a meeting or appointment,Write this apology as soon as possible after the incident.Dont apologize unless you plan to take full responsibility and dont blame anyone.Rebuild your reputation by being consistently on time in the future.,21,IV.Apology Letter Tips,For poor or inadequate service,Write this apology as soon as possible after the incident.Dont apologize unless you plan to take full responsibility.A sincere,well-worded apology can help win back disgruntled customers and business associates.Back up your apology with model behavior in the future.,22,V.Frame,Introduction:Showing the feeling of apology.,Body Para:The reasons for apology,Conclusion:Making an apology again.,23,VI.Useful expression,道歉信中开头段常用句式和套话,I am writing this letter to express my regret,I am writing to apologize for,I would like to give you my apology for,I am very sorry to say that,24,I must apologize about(not)doing sth,Please accept my sincere apology for,I am writing to say sorry for,I am terribly sorry,but,25,VI.Useful expression,道歉信中结尾段常用句式和套话,Once again,I am sorry for any inconvenience caused.,Please allow me to say sorry again.,Hope you can accept my apologies and understand my situation.,26,I sincerely hope that you will be able to think in my position and accept my apologies.,I want to let you know how regretful I am feeling now.,I am sorry that I cant and trust that you will be able to understand.,27,VII.Samples,1.因未能践约赴宴致歉,Unable to keep ones promise,Dear Miss Nancy,Much to my regret I was unable to keep my promise to attend your birthday party last Saturday,owing to the fact that my little son was suddenly taken ill early that day.,Hoping to see you soon.,Truly yours,Bear,28,VII.Samples,2.因迟复来信致歉 Because of answering ones letter late,Dear David，,I am afraid that you will think me unpardonably negligent in not having answered your letter dated 7,December sooner,but when I have told you the reason,I trust you will be convinced that the neglect was excusable.When your letter arrived,I was just in Hong Kong.As my family could not forward it to me during my absence,it has been,therefore,lying on my desk until the moment when I took it up.Now the first thing I have to hasten to do is to write to you these few lines to express my deep regret.,29,I enjoyed many pleasant sights during my trip.I shall be pleased to give you an account to of them when I see you next.,Yours,Tom,30,VII.Samples,3.因遗失借书致歉 Because of losing a borrowed book,Dear Frank,I am terribly sorry to tell you that I have lost the valuable book you were so kind to lend me last week.I read it everyday and intended to finish it next month.Last night when I came to my room,it was nowhere to be found.I will try to recover it as soon as possible.If I fail to find it,I will get a new book for you.,31,But I am afraid it can never take the place of the old one.Old books are like old friends.Once lost,they can never be replaced.They are connected with cherished associations which the new ones can never have.And for this irrecoverable loss,I am to blame.I was so careless with my things.This is a warning to me to be more careful in the future.,Yours truly,Jack,32,VIII.Practice,One of your pen pals will shortly be visiting your city.For some reason,you can not manage to meet him at the airport on time.Write a letter:,1)explaining why you cannot meet him at the airport,2)asking him to wait for you at the airport,3)telling him how to identify you.,33,IX.Model writing,Dear Martin,I am looking forward to your visit.Just think,after all these years of writing to each other,we will finally have the chance to meet!However,I am sorry that I will not be able to meet you at the airport as soon as you arrive.,The reason is that your flight will arrive early in the morning,and the earliest I can get to the airport will be about an hour after you land.Please wait for me in the arrival lounge.You should be able to have breakfast there while you wait.,34,IX.Model writing,By the way,as we have never met I must tell you how to recognize me.I am of medium height and have a small moustache.In addition,I will be carrying a copy of the morning newspaper tucked under my left arm.,Looking forward to our meeting.,Yours sincerely,Li Ming,35,Summary,In order to make a letter of apology effective,always write it as soon as possible after the offensive action takes place.Write a brief letter that is carefully worded and sincere.Whenever possible,make suitable restitution and assure the offended party that you will not repeat your regrettable behavior in the future.Back up your apology letter with appropriate behavior at the next available opportunity.,36,Unit 7,Name Cards,名片,返回,秘书英文写作,37,知识目标：1.了解名片的构成要素、规格及款式。,2.认知名片的语言特点及翻译技巧。,3.熟知商务英语的特点及翻译原则。,能力目标：1.能够借助相关知识进行英汉名片的互译。,2.能够根据相关要求独立设计中英文商务名片。,3.能够在商务环境下准确地使用中英文名片。,Business Cards,返回,38,Contents,Useful Words and Expressions,4,Complementary Reading,5,1,Lead-in,2,Introduction,1,1,Methods and Techniques,3,Classic Translation,8,Notes,1,6,Practice,7,返回,39,SECTION 1,名片在英语中可称为business card，visiting card，calling card或card。它是社交和商务往来中用来做自我介绍的一种小卡片。随着我国经济的不断发展和对外开放程度的日益提高，名片的使用越来越普遍。,名片没有统一的规格和固定的格式，但在我国名片一般为9厘米长、5厘米宽的白色或黄色卡片。一般来说，名片上姓名字号最大，为突出任职单位也可将其印得最大，有的名片还加印单位徽记，还有人将个人照片也印在名片上。,SEC 2,SEC 3,SEC 4,SEC 5,SEC 6,SEC 7,SEC 8,返回,40,SECTION 1,目前，从国内外人们所使用的名片来看，名片常有横式、竖式、斜式等格式，文字排列的顺序也不固定，可以一面为中文，另一面为英文，也可以把中英文都印在同一面，另一面留成空白。中英文在同一面时，可以一行中文，一行英文，也可以把中英文分别左右或上下排列。大多数名片都包含至少以下七个方面的内容：公司名称(Company Name)、本人姓名(Name)、职位(Position)、职称/头衔(Title)、公司地址(Address)、电话号码(Telephone Number)、传真号码(Fax Number)、电子邮箱(E-Mail Address)。,SEC 2,SEC 3,SEC 4,SEC 5,SEC 6,SEC 7,SEC 8,返回,41,SECTION 1,其大致顺序是：,正上方：供职单位名称、担任职务；,左上方：供职单位标志（但很多名片也不用）；,正中间：姓名及职称或头衔；,左下方：地址和邮编；,右下方：电话、传真、电子邮箱、网址等。,以上内容的排列顺序也可以调整，但一般不把地址、电话、邮编等放在名片的上方。,商务名片可以一面印一般的内容，而另一面则印上该企业所涉及的业务范围，当然也可以将全部内容都印在一面。,SEC 2,SEC 3,SEC 4,SEC 5,SEC 6,SEC 7,SEC 8,返回,42,43,SECTION 1,名片还具有其他作用在名片上方的空白处或在名片背面亲笔临时写一些文字或缩略语以起到某种作用,比如介绍某人祝愿祝贺慰问等常见的一些表达有:introducing Mr.Wang Ping(介绍某人),sincere greetings on your latest promotion(祝愿或祝贺),wishing you a speedy and full recovery(慰问),with thanks for kind inquires(答谢),please come for tea(邀请),accept with pleasure(接受邀请),with compliments(赠送礼物),wishing you a pleasant journey(告别),many thanks for your congratulations and lovely gift(感谢),SEC 2,SEC 3,SEC 4,SEC 5,SEC 6,SEC 7,SEC 8,返回,44,SECTION 2,哈尔滨,Inc.,世纪新村,Financial Controller,Assistant Engineer,I.请尝试把下列名片中出现的词组翻译成英语或汉语,Honorary Chairman,C.O.O(Chief Operating Officer),Facsimile,P.O.B.,Export Sales Manager,SEC 1,SEC 3,SEC 4,SEC 5,SEC 6,SEC 7,SEC 8,返回,Harbin,_,公司,_,Century Village,_,财务主任,_,助理工程师,_,名誉主席,_,首席运营官,_,传真,_,邮政信箱,_,外销部经理,_,45,SECTION 2,中国东方航空公司北京营业部,王 建,总经理,北京王府井大街67号,电话：[phone],传真：[phone],电子邮箱：wangjian,II.请翻译下面名片。,SEC 1,SEC 3,SEC 4,SEC 5,SEC 6,SEC 7,SEC 8,返回,CHINA EASTERN AIRLINES,BEIJING BRANCH(OFFICE),Wang Jian,General Manager,67 Wangfujing St.Tel:[phone],Beijing,China Fax:[phone],E-mail:,wangjian,TRANSLATE,46,SECTION 2,II.请翻译下面名片。,International Education Foundation,Linda Jones,Liaison and Program Director,International Office Tel:[phone],ext.424 west 43,rd,Street Fax[phone],New York,NY10036,Email:ljonesiefint1.org,SEC 1,SEC 3,SEC 4,SEC 5,SEC 6,SEC 7,SEC 8,返回,国际教育基金会,琳达 琼斯,联络员及项目主任,电话：[phone],纽约，NY10036 转4243街4号,传真：[phone],国际总部 电子邮箱ljonesiefint1.org,TRANSLATE,47,SECTION 2,III.请根据相关内容为你自己设计一个名片，要求包含名片的7个方面的内容。,SEC 1,SEC 3,SEC 4,SEC 5,SEC 6,SEC 7,SEC 8,返回,48,SECTION 3,随着我国对外经济和文化交流的逐步增多，英文名片在我国的使用频率和重要性也在不断提高。英文名片在语言上要求用词得体、语法规范、表达准确，因为只有这样才能让一张小小的卡片发挥它独到的作用。这其中有两大显著特点：内容要大写或首字母大写、频繁地使用缩略语。,因名片的语言大部分为专有名词，因此首字母必须大写。其他一些非专有名词也应大写或首字母大写，因为在英语中大写代表着正式、庄重，而小写则代表着随意、贴切。,一张小小的名片，空间非常狭小，因此采用缩略语可以很好地传递更多的信息。如单词的缩略（university缩略为uni.）、组合词的缩略（Bank of China缩略为B.O.C.）等。,I.名片的语言特点,SEC 1,SEC 2,SEC 4,SEC 5,SEC 6,SEC 7,SEC 8,返回,49,SECTION 3,名片的翻译必须采取严肃认真、积极负责的态度，从英语国家人士的角度出发，分析中西方国家在政治、经济、文化、社会、语言等方面的差异，字斟句酌，力争使译文符合国际惯例，让名片真正起到方便沟通、提高交流质量的作用。名片的翻译可以根据名片中不同的部分采取直译、意译及功能对等的方法来翻译。很多已有定译的机构、职务、职称等都可以采用直译法，而对于一些公司、工厂名称的翻译则宜采用意译的方法，如“Deere”翻译为“迪尔公司”，“Rolls Royce”翻译成“劳斯莱斯公司”等。对于不适合这两种翻译方法的可以采用功能对等的方法来翻译，如中英两国的人事部门都是主管人事的，尽管功能上不完全相同，但“人事部”和“Personnel Department”还是可以对等的。,以下是名片翻译中几个比较棘手的问题。,II.名片的翻译技巧,SEC 1,SEC 2,SEC 4,SEC 5,SEC 6,SEC 7,SEC 8,返回,50,SECTIO