组织公民行为量表组织公平量表.doc

Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) Scale

英文名称： Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) Scale 
中文名称： 组织公民行为量表 
作  者： Farh, J. L., Earley, P. C., & Lin, S. C. 
出  处： 
Farh, J. L., Earley, P. C., & Lin, S. C. “Impetus for action: A cultural analysis of justice and organizational citizenship behavior in Chinese society.” Administrative Science Quarterly, 1997, 42, 421-444. 
简  介：  

条  目： 
部属的工作行为：以下列叙述来描述他(她)的行为您是否同意？请逐项阅读后填答。 
１ － 非常不同意      ５ － 有点同意
２ － 相当不同意      ６ － 相当同意
３ － 有点不同意     ７ － 非当同意
４ － 不能确定

Identification with the company  
认同组织 
Eager to tell outsiders good news about the company and clarify their misunderstandings
主动对外介绍或宣传公司优点，或澄清他人对公司的误解。 
Willing to stand up to protect the reputation of the company. 
努力维护公司形象，并积极参与有关活动。 
Makes constructive suggestions that can improve the operation of the company. 
主动提出建设性的改善方案，供公司有关单位参考。
 Actively attends company meetings. 
以积极的态度参与公司内相关会议。 
Altruism toward colleagues 
协助同事 
Willing to assist new colleagues to adjust to the work environment. 
主动帮助新进同仁适应工作环境。 
Willing to help colleague solve work-related problems. 
乐意协助同仁解决工作上的困难。 
Willing to cover work assignments for colleague when needed. 
主动分担或代理同事之工作。 
Willing to coordinate and communicate with colleagues. 
主动与同事协调沟通。 
Impersonal harmony  
不生事争利 (人际和睦) 
Often speaks ill of the supervisor or colleagues behind their backs. (R) 
经常在背后批评主管或谈论同事之隐私。(R) 
Uses illicit tactics to seek personal influence and gain with harmful effect on interpersonal harmony in the organization. (R)
在公司内争权夺利，勾心斗角，破坏组织和谐。(R) 
Uses position power to pursue selfish personal gain. (R) 
假公济私，利用职权谋取个人利益。(R) 
Takes credits, avoids blames, and fights fiercely for personal gain. (R) 
斤斤计较，争功诿过，不惜抗争以获得个人利益。(R) 
Protecting company resources 
公私分明 
Conducts personal business on company time (e.g., trading stocks, shopping, going to barber shops). (R) 
利用上班时间处理私人事务，如买股票，跑银行，逛街，购物，上理容院．．．等。(R) 
Uses company resources to do personal business (e.g., company phones, copy machines, computers, and cars). (R) 
利用公司资源处理私人事务，如：私自利用公 ，复印机，计算机，公务车．．．等。(R) 
Views sick leave as benefit and makes excuse for taking sick leave. (R) 
经常借口请假，视为福利。(R) 
Conscientiousness 
敬业守法 
Often arrives early and starts to work immediately. 
上班时经常提早到达，并着手处理公务。 
Takes one’s job seriously and rarely makes mistakes. 
工作认真，并且很少出差错。 
Complies with company rules and procedures even when nobody watches and no evidence can be traced.
即使无人注意或无据可查时，亦随时遵守公司规定。 
Does not mind taking new or challenging assignments. 
从不挑选工作，尽可能接受新的或困难的任务。 
Tries hard to self-study to increase the quality of work outputs. 
为提升工作品质，而努力自我充实。

信  度：  
效  度：  
备  注：

Organizational Justice Scale 

英文名称： Organizational Justice Scale 
中文名称： 组织公平量表 
作  者： Jason A. Colquitt 
出  处： Colquitt, J. A. (2001). "On the Dimensionality of Organizational Justice: A Construct Validation of a Measure."Journal of Applied Psychology 86(3): 386-400
条  目： 
Procedural justice 
The following items refers to the procedures used to arrive at your (outcome). To what extent:
1.Have you been able to express your views and feelings during these procedures?
2.Have you had influences over the (outcome) arrived at by those procedures?
3.Have those procedures been applied consistently?
4.Have those procedures been free of bias?
5.Have those procedures been based on accurate information?
6.Have you been able to appeal the (outcome) arrived at by those procedures?
7.Have those procedures upheld ethical and moral standards?

Distributive justice 
The following items refer to your (outcome). To what extent:
1.Dos your (outcome) reflect the effort you have put into your work?
2.Is your (outcome) appropriate for the work you have completed?
3.Does your (outcome) reflect what you have contributed to the organization?
4.Is your (outcome) justified, given your performance?

 Interpersonal justice 
The following items refer to (the authority figure who enacted the procedure). To what extent:
1.Has (he/she) treated you in a polite manner?. 
2.Has (he/she) treated you with dignity?
3.Has (he/she) treated you with respect? 
4.Has (he/she) refrained from improper remarks or comments?

Informational justice 
The following items refer to (the authority figure who enacted the procedure). To what extent:
1.Has (he/she) been candid in (his/her) communication with you?
2.Has (he/she) explained the procedures thoroughly?
3.Were (his/her) explanations regarding the procedures reasonable?
4.Has (he/she) communicated details in a timely manner?
5.Has (he/she) seemed to tailor (his/her) communications to individuals’ specific needs?

信  度：  
效  度：  
备  注：

Procedural Justice 

英文名称： Procedural Justice 
中文名称： 程序公平 
作  者： Farh, J.-L., P. C. Earley, et al.  
出  处： Farh, J.-L., P. C. Earley, et al. (1997). "Impetus for action: A cultural analysis of justice and..." Administrative Science Quarterly 42(3): 421.
简  介：  
条  目： Farh, J.-L., P. C. Earley, et al. (1997). "Impetus for action: A cultural analysis of justice and..." Administrative Science Quarterly 42(3): 421.
The sample for this study consisted of employees drawn from eight companies in the electronics industry of Taiwan. All eight companies were locally owned and were members of the 500 largest companies in Taiwan. Thirty to forty matching questionnaires were distributed to supervisors and subordinates in each company. The sample consisted mainly of low to mid-level managers, engineers, salespersons, and clerical staff.

Participation
1.Managers at all levels participate in pay and performance appraisal decisions;
2.Through various channels, my company tries to understand employees’ opinions regarding pay and performance appraisal policies and decisions.
3.Pay decisions are made exclusively by top management in my company; others are excluded from this process; (R)
4.My company does not take employees’ opinions into account in designing pay and performance appraisal policies. (R) Cronbach alpha was .71
7-point scale (1=strongly disagree, 7=strongly agree)

Appeal Mechanism
The company has a formal appeal channel;
The company imposes a time limit within which the responsible parties must respond to the employee’ appeal;
Employees’ questions concerning pay or performance appraisal are usually answered promptly and satisfactorily. Cronbach alpha was .81
7-point scale (1=strongly disagree, 7=strongly agree) 

信  度： Cronbach alpha was .71 7-point scale (1=strongly disagree, 7=strongly agree) 
效  度：  
备  注：

Justice Scale 

英文名称： Justice Scale 
中文名称： 公平问卷 
作  者： Niehoff, B. P., & Moorman, R. H. 
出  处： 
Niehoff, B. P., & Moorman, R. H. (1993). Justice as a mediator of the relationship between methods of monitoring and organizational citizenship behaviors. Academy of Management Journal, 36(3), 527-556.
简  介：  
条  目： 
Sample: The employees and general managers of a national movie theater management company that operated 11 theaters in a large southwestern city were studied. The employees (N = 213) averaged 19.9 years of age and nearly two years of experience working in the theaters. A majority had completed high school, but only 17 percent had completed college. Each theater was under the authority of a general manager; thus, 11 general managers took part in the study. The number of employees per theater varied from 15 to 45. At each location, a group of assistant managers aided the general manager in the operation of the theater, but there were no direct lines of authority between these assistants and specific employees. In fact, the vice president for human resources described the assistant managers as a pool of assistants who could be assigned to any shift on any day. The one constant at each theater was that each general manager had ultimate responsibility for the operation and was on-site for most of the theater's hours of business. The assistant managers were not included in the data for this study.
The employees completed a survey describing their perceptions of distributive and procedural justice and the monitoring behaviors of their general manager. Since the assistant managers worked various shifts but the general managers remained on-site for most of the working hours, we considered the general managers the appropriate referents for the measurement of leader monitoring behaviors. The general managers provided data for the measures of organizational citizenship behavior; some general managers assessed OCB for 15 employees, and some assessed 45 employees.
All surveys were completed on company time. Since data were being collected from two sources, employees and general managers, we asked all participants to put their names on the surveys but took precautions to insure confidentiality. Each employee received an envelope in which to seal the completed survey and mailed it directly to us. In total, 213 out of 260 employee surveys were returned for a response rate of 81 percent. Conversations with the company's vice president for human resources suggested that the demographic characteristics of the respondents reflected those of the general population of employees at the theaters.
All items used a seven-point response format.
Distributive justice
1. My work schedule is fair.
2. I think that my level of pay is fair.
3. I consider my work load to be quite fair.
4. Overall, the rewards I receive here are quite fair.
5. I feel that my job responsibilities are fair.
Formal procedures
1. Job decisions are made by the general manager in an unbiased manner.
2. My general manager makes sure that all employee concerns are heard before job decisions are made.
3. To make job decisions, my general manager collects accurate and complete information.
4. My general manager clarifies decisions and provides additional information when requested by employees.
5. All job decisions are applied consistently across all affected employees.
6. Employees are allowed to challenge or appeal job decisions made by the general manager.
Interactional justice
1. When decisions are made about my job, the general manager treats me with kindness and consideration.
2. When decisions are made about my job, the general manager treats me with respect and dignity.
3. When decisions are made about my job, the general manager is sensitive to my personal needs.
4. When decisions are made about my job, the general manager deals with me in a truthful manner.
5. When decisions are made about my job, the general manager shows concern for my rights as an employee.
6. Concerning decisions made about my job, the general manager discusses the implications of the decisions with me.
7. The general manager offers adequate justification for decisions made about my job.
8. When making decisions about my job, the general manager offers explanations that make sense to me.
9. My general manager explains very clearly any decision made about my job.

信  度： The CFI for the three justice dimensions was .92. This scale was based on one used by Moorman (1991) and had reported reliabilities above .90 for all three dimensions. 
效  度：  
备  注：

OCB Scale
英文名称： OCB Scale
中文名称：组织公民行为问卷
Niehoff, B. P., & Moorman, R. H.
出处： Niehoff, B. P., & Moorman, R. H. (1993). Justice as a mediator of the relationship between methods of monitoring and organizational citizenship behaviors. Academy of Management Journal, 36(3), 527-556.
简介：
条目：Sample: The employees and general managers of a national movie theater management company that operated 11 theaters in a large southwestern city were studied. The employees (N = 213) averaged 19.9 years of age and nearly two years of experience working in the theaters. A majority had completed high school, but only 17 percent had completed college. Each theater was under the authority of a general manager; thus, 11 general managers took part in the study. The number of employees per theater varied from 15 to 45. At each location, a group of assistant managers aided the general manager in the operation of the theater, but there were no direct lines of authority between these assistants and specific employees. In fact, the vice president for human resources described the assistant managers as a pool of assistants who could be assigned to any shift on any day. The one constant at each theater was that each general manager had ultimate responsibility for the operation and was on-site for most of the theater's hours of business. The assistant managers were not included in the data for this study.
The employees completed a survey describing their perceptions of distributive and procedural justice and the monitoring behaviors of their general manager. Since the assistant managers worked various shifts but the general managers remained on-site for most of the working hours, we considered the general managers the appropriate referents for the measurement of leader monitoring behaviors. The general managers provided data for the measures of organizational citizenship behavior; some general managers assessed OCB for 15 employees, and some assessed 45 employees.
All surveys were completed on company time. Since data were being collected from two sources, employees and general managers, we asked all participants to put their names on the surveys but took precautions to insure confidentiality. Each employee received an envelope in which to seal the completed survey and mailed it directly to us. In total, 213 out of 260 employee surveys were returned for a response rate of 81 percent. Conversations with the company's vice president for human resources suggested that the demographic characteristics of the respondents reflected those of the general population of employees at the theaters

Altruism
1. Helps others who have heavy work loads.
2. Helps others who have been absent.
3. Willingly gives of his/her time to help others who have work related problems.
4. Helps orient new people even though it is not required.
Courtesy
1. Consults with me or other individuals who might be affected by his/her actions or decisions.
2. Does not abuse the rights of others.
3. Takes steps to prevent problems with other workers.
4. Informs me before taking any important actions.
Sportsmanship
1. Consumes a lot of time complaining about trivial matters. (R)
2. Tends to make "mountains out of molehills" (makes problems bigger than they are). (R)
3. Constantly talks about wanting to quit his/her job. (R)
4. Always focuses on what's wrong with his/her situation, rather than the positive side of it. (R)
Conscientiousness
1. Is always punctual.
2. Never takes long lunches or breaks.
3. Does not take extra breaks.
4. Obeys company rules, regulations and procedures even when no one is watching.
Civic virtue
1. Keeps abreast of changes in the organization.
2. Attends functions that are not required, but that h