高二英语第十讲急救词汇和写作.docx

教学过程
第十讲 急救（词汇和写作）
适用学科
高中英语
适用年级
高中二年级
适用区域
人教版
课时时长（分钟）
90分钟
知识点
写作
教学目标
1、知识：了解有关急救的尝试，并记忆及急救有关的重点单词和短语；
2、方法：将一些简单的生活常识运用起来，在知识运用的过程中巩固学习的效果；
3、能力：学习书写急救说明。
教学重点
重点单词和短语的记忆及正确应用。
教学难点
将所学的单词和句式应用到写作当中。
一、复习预习
1、复习倒装句式：
(1) 完全倒装
1) 当now, then, here, there, in, out, up, down, away, off 等副词置于句首的时候，为了起到强调的作用，可构成倒装句。只把副词放在句首，主语和谓语部分位置全部调换。
2) 表地点状语的介词短语放在句首，要用全部倒装，以示强调。
3) such位于句首，要用全部倒装。
(2) 部分倒装
1) so引导的部分倒装
A．so短句
B．so长句
2) 否定副词放于句首时要用部分倒装句式。
3) Only+状语（副词，介词短语，状语从句）置于句首，主句部分倒装。
4) 虚拟语气中的倒装句，If虚拟句中，if可以省去，但省去后从句须倒装。
2、上节课课后作业检查和订正
二、知识讲解
1、词语辨析
1）hurt / injure / harm / wound n. 伤痛，伤害
【练习】选择hurt/injure/harm/wound 并用其适当的形式填空。
①Smoking less won’t _________ you.
②In the war of Gaza area, many innocent children and women _______ in the heads.
③I intended no ________ to his feelings.
④Many passengers were badly ________ in the accident.
⑤He fell down and ______ his arm.
2）cause/excuse/reason n. 理由
【解释】
cause 指造成一种影响、结果或后果的原因或条件。（及of连用）
excuse 强调为逃避或减轻责任而设法辩解而使用的借口，理由（及for连用）
reason是指解释某种效果的发生或性质的措辞（及for连用）
【练习】选择cause/excuse/reason并用其适当的形式填空。
①There was no obvious ________ for the accident.
②Sometimes most students will make up a(n) _________ for their absence.
③The ________ she went to Guangzhou was the climate.
④Carelessness is the ________ of his failure.
3）electric/electrical adj. 电的
【解释】
electric 用于修饰需要用电来运转的设备或用于比喻“震惊”
electrical 常用于表示及电气性质或科学相关
【练习】选择electric或electrical并用其适当的形式填空。
①Many _______ fans are required in such a large meeting room.
②The room became ________ with amazement.
③To be an ________ engineer is the dream of many boys.
4）jewelry/jewel n. 珠宝
【解释】
jewelry 珠宝，珠宝类的总称[不可数名词]
jewel珠宝[可数名词]
【练习】选择jewelry或jewel并用其适当的形式填空。
①The ______ of the rich were often kept in the bank.
②She locked her_________ in the _________ box.
2、重点单词
1）aid n. & vt. 帮助；援助；资助
【典例】
①They aided flood victims. 他们援助遭受水灾的灾民。
②They aided in solving the problem. 他们帮忙解决这个问题。
③A dictionary is an important aid for many language learners. 字典对于许多语言学习者来说是个很重要的工具。
【翻译】汉译英
她的亲戚帮助她继续她的学业。
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2）tissue n. [U] (生理) 组织；[C] 纸巾，手巾纸
【典例】
the muscular tissue肌肉组织
a box of tissues 一盒纸巾
___________________________________________. 她的整个故事是一套谎言。
【翻译】汉译英
它们通过“消化”或分解受损组织达到这样的效果。
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3）squeeze vt. & vi. 榨；挤；压榨
【典例】
squeeze juice from an orange榨桔子汁
squeeze oneself into a crowded bus挤入拥挤的公共汽车
squeeze through the crowd挤过人群
【翻译】汉译英
①失散多时的母女挤过人群紧紧抱在一起。
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②小偷挤入拥挤的公共汽车寻找作案机会。
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4）present ①vt. 给；介绍；赠送；呈现
②n. 赠品，礼物，现在
③adj. 现在的，出席的，当面的
【典例】
①A series of famous plays will be present during the Spring Festival. 春节期间将上演一系列好戏。
②Thirty guests were present at the ceremony. 有三十位客人出席这次典礼
③The guests present were very satisfied with the atmosphere of the party. 到场的宾客都对晚会的气氛表示满意。
④Presents will be sent for customers along with the electrical appliance. 买家电付送礼物。
【翻译】汉译英
①因为他出色的表现，他获得了一个金茶壶。
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②资金暂时是足够的.
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5）authentic adj. 真实的；真正的；可信的
【典例】
authentic news可靠的消息
an authentic signature真实手迹签字
authentic document真实的文件
【翻译】汉译英
①为解救其他人的性命，他得寻找一个可靠的人将消息带出去。
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②使用信用卡时，人们需要亲笔签名。
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3、重点词组
1）fall ill生病 (get ill, become ill)
【典例】
①The rescue team worked day and night and many people fell ill at last. 救援队伍不分白天黑夜地工作，结果许多人病倒了。
②The giant panda became ill because of the strange climate.由于奇异的气候，这只大熊猫病了。
【短语归纳】
fall asleep 入睡
fall silent安静下来
get injured受伤
get married结婚
get dressed 穿衣
【练习】汉译英
①因为这个坏消息他病倒了。
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②他已经病了一周了。
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2）in place在适当的位置，适当
【典例】
①I like to have everything in place.我喜欢所有的东西都摆好。
②I think it’s not quite in place to visit him at the moment.我觉得这个时候去看望他不妥当。
【短语归纳】
out of place不在适当的位置，不合适
in place of代替
take the place of代替，取代
【练习】汉译英
①在中国人们使用筷子而不是刀叉。
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②穿着正式的服装，我感到很不自在。
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③洪水过后，汽车被冲得乱七八糟。
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3）put one’s hands on 找到，得到某物
【典例】
①After days of searching, he finally put his hands on his dying wife under the stones. 经过多天寻找，他终于在乱石下找到了他的奄奄一息的妻子。
②In the dark night, he eventually put his hands on his glasses.在黑暗中，他终于摸到了他的眼镜。
【练习】汉译英
①不断尝试，总有一天你能得到你想要的一切。
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②当孩子们想要得到糖果时，经常会哀求他们的家长。
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4) make a difference 有很大差别，有很大不同；有很大的关系或影响
【典例】
①Whether he could get the support from his parents made a great difference to the plan.
他是否能得到父母的支持对这个计划的影响很大。
②Does it make any difference whether he’ll attend the meeting?
他出不出席会议有什么区别吗？
【短语归纳】
make a difference between…and… 区别对待
make some difference to 对...有些关系
make no difference to对...有些或没有关系
make all the difference关系重大，大不相同
【练习】汉译英
①这次旅行对他以后的人生很有影响。
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②让警察知道一些证据关系重大。
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考点/易错点 aid有关词组
do/give/offer first aid进行急救
aid sb. in (doing) sth.在…方面帮助某人
in aid of为了援助…；作为援助…之用
with the aid of借助于，通过...的帮助
call in sb’s aid请某人援助
【练习】汉译英
①老师借助电脑上课。
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②他募资为了帮助穷人。
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考点/易错点 present有关词组和变体
present sth. to sb. 把……送给…
present sb. with sth. 为某人颁发…
at present/at the present time 现在，此刻
for the present 目前，暂时
represent vt. 表现，描绘，声称，象征，扮演，再赠送，再上演
representation n. 表示法，表现，陈述，扮演
representative n. 代表 adj. 典型的，有代表性的
【练习】
当航空员返回地面时，少先队员们为他们送上了鲜花。
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4、词汇拓展
1) bleed v. 使出血，放血 → n. 血，血液，血统 → adj. 有血的
2) mild adj. 温和的，温柔的 → adv. 温和地，适度地
3) treat v. 视为，对待，治疗 → n. 待遇，对待，处理，治疗
4) pressure n. 压，压力，压迫 → v. 压，压迫
5) bravery n勇敢 → adj. 勇敢的
Keys:
1) blood; bloody
2) mildly
3) treatment
4) press
5) brave
三、例题精析
【例题1】
【题干】Wenchuan Earthquake almost ________ the whole city. After the earthquake, the whole city lay in ruins.
A. injured B. hurt C. damaged D. destroyed
【例题2】
【题干】This ________ dictionary has many functions. It can be used as a calculator, a calendar as well as a music player.
A. electronic B. electric C. electrical D. electricity
【例题3】
【题干】He is not used to keeping some medicine at home, so when he falls ill, he can’t ________ any.
A. keep his hand in B. throw his hand in C. put his hands on D. turn his hand to
【例题4】
【题干】On his retirement, Mr. Yang was ________ with a complete edition of Shakespeare’s plays in honour of his researches on his works.
A. awarded B. given C. presented D. offered
【例题5】
【题干】To win the competition, our company hopes to ________ those small firms by lowering our prices.
A. leave out B. squeeze out C. act out D. squeeze in
【例题6】
【题干】A person of hot _______ is not afraid of _______ in battle for the country. (blood)
【例题7】
【题干】I was only _______ interested in English when I took up it. (mild)
【例题8】
【题干】People had to _______ themselves in their own way, before they received the _______ sent by the government. (treat)
【例题9】
【题干】_______ this button and the _______ of the water will rise. (press)
【例题10】
【题干】The _______ boys were rewarded with medals for their _______ in Wenchan earthquake. (brave)
四、同步训练
【基础】
用所给单词的正确形式完成短文
burn nerve affect symptom injury layer
The depth of 1 from a burn is described as first, second, or third degree. First-degree burns are red, moist, swollen, and painful and are the most shallow（浅的）. They
2 only the top layer of skin（表皮）. The 3 area whitens（变白）when lightly touched but does not develop blisters（水泡）. Second-degree burns are red, swollen and painful. They develop blisters that may ooze（慢慢流出）a clear fluid. The burned area may blanch（变白） when touched. Second-degree burns extend into the middle layer of skin（真皮）. Third-degree burns involve all three 4 of skin（表皮，真皮，脂肪层）. Third-degree burns usually are not painful because the 5 have been destroyed. The skin becomes leathery and may be white, black, or bright red. The burned area does not blanch when touched, and hairs can easily be pulled from their roots without pain. No blisters develop. The appearance and 6 of deep burns can worsen during the first hours or even days after the burn.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
【巩固】
阅读课文，试着用30来个单词概括课文大意或将下面的短文译成英语。
As everyone knows, the skin is 1 （必不可少的）to us. Our skins can sometimes 2 (burn) due to our 3 （粗心）. Therefore, first aid shows its importance in the 4 （治疗）of burns. Generally speaking, burns, 5 are caused by hot liquids, fire, radiation and so on, can be divided into three types－first degree, second degree and third degree 6 (depend) on the 7 （受伤的）layers of the skin. To minor burns, cool water proves to be helpful in 8 （stop）the burning process and preventing or reducing pains. But 9 severe burns, get the 10 to the doctor immediately.
【拔高】
课文大意概括
阅读课文，试着用30来个单词概括课文大意或将下面的短文译成英语。
这篇短文告诉我们皮肤对于我们是至关重要的，当它被烧伤时，我们应该知道它是属于哪种类型的烧伤和怎样进行急救。
The passage tells us that…
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________五、课堂运用
1、句子写作
1）So, as you can imagine, if your skin gets burned, it can be very serious.
【模仿1】英语在我们的生活中起着很大的作用，因而，如我们所知，如果你想学好英语，你必须多多的实践。
_______________________________________________________________________________【模仿2】词典在我们的英语学习中起着非常大的作用。因而，如我们所知，如果你有一本自己的词典，你就可以自己查询一些生词。
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2）If burns are on arms or legs, keep them higher than the heart, if possible.
【模仿1】如果你想提高英语，如果有可能的话，你每天要背诵10个句子或记住50个单词。
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【模仿2】当你读英语书时，不要使用英语词典；当你在写英语时，如果有必要，你可以使用词典。
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2、文章写作
根据以下情节写一篇短文，要求100词左右，注意语句通顺，条理清楚，切勿逐字翻译。
上周六下午，我和一位朋友在我家附近的河边散步，突然听到了求救声。过去一看原来是一个小男孩不小心掉入河中。我俩跳入河中救上了孩子，并且对他进行了人工呼吸。男孩恢复知觉后，我们马上送他去了医院，然后打电话通知了他的家长。在家长到医院之前我俩就离开了。
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课程小结
知识点1
（1）词语辨析
1）hurt / injure / harm / wound n. 伤痛，伤害
2）cause/excuse/reason n. 理由
3）electric/electrical adj. 电的
4）jewelry/jewel n. 珠宝
（2）重点单词
1）aid n. & vt. 帮助；援助；资助
2）tissue n. [U] (生理) 组织；[C] 纸巾，手巾纸
3）squeeze vt. & vi. 榨；挤；压榨
4）present ①vt. 给；介绍；赠送；呈现
②n. 赠品，礼物，现在
③adj. 现在的，出席的，当面的
5）authentic adj. 真实的；真正的；可信的
（3）重点词组
1）fall ill生病 (get ill, become ill)
2）in place在适当的位置，适当
3）put one’s hands on 找到，得到某物
考点/易错点2 aid相关短语
考点/易错点3 present相关短语
课后作业
【基础】
1. My mother is deaf, so she has to use a hearing .
A. help B. machine C. aid D. assist
2. This is just a(n) receipt. You can change it for a formal one tomorrow.
A. terrible B. ordinary C. temporary D. effective
3. I count myself lucky to have escaped from the accident without serious .
A. crime B. disaster C. infection D. injury
的意思是“伤害，损伤”，因此答案为D。
4. —Have you got any particular plans for the coming holiday?
—Yes, , I am going to visit some homes for the old in the city.
A. If ever B. If busy C. If anything D. If possible
【巩固】
完形填空
It is important for you to learn some knowledge about first aid in your daily life. If a person has an 1 , he needs medical care 2 a doctor can be found. When you give first aid, you must pay attention to 3 things. First, when a person stops 4 , open his or her mouth. Second, if a person cannot breathe, do your best to 5 his or her breathing at once, using a mouth-to-mouth way. Third, if a person is 6 badly, try at once to stop the 7 . Then, take him or her to a doctor. If a person loses one third of his or her blood, he or she 8 die.
Many accidents may 9 at home. All 10 should know first aid in order to deal with 11 injuries which may happen to their children. When a person is 12
by an animal, wash the wound with cold running water before he or she is taken to see a doctor. When a person is 13 , wash and cool the area of the 14 under the cold tap for a while. Then put a piece of dry clean cloth over the burn. If the person is badly burnt, take him or her to the doctor. If a person 15 his or her finger, clean it and put a piece of clean cloth round the cut. If a pan of oil 16 fire, 17 the gas first, and then cover the pan quickly. You cannot take it away before the fire is 18 .
Besides, you must put 19 wires in safe places where children cannot 20
them. Serious accidents may happen if you touch them. Children must be told of the danger. Everybody should know some first aid in order to save other people’s lives.
1. A. incident B. event C. accident D. attitude
2. A. before B. after C. as D. since
3. A. two B. several C. some