七年级下册英语重点知识总结.docx

七年级下册英语重点知识总结
Unit 1Can you play the guitar ?
1. 想要做某事：want to do sth.= would like to do sth.
2. 与某人交朋友：make friends with sb.
3. 在周末：on the weekend = on weekends
4. 忙于做某事：be busy doing sth.= be busy with sth.
5. 告诉某人（不）做某事：tell sb.（not）to do sth.
6. 帮助某人做某事：help sb.（to）do sth.
在...上帮助某人：help sb. with sth.
在某人的帮助下：with one’s help = with the help of sb.
7. ...怎么样？：How about / What about doing sth.？
8. 展示某物给某人看：show sb.sth.= show sth. to sb.
9. 给某人某物：give sb.sth.= give sth. to sb.
10. 喜欢做某事：like to do sth. = like doing sth.
11. play的用法：
v play+the+乐器：play the violin / piano /guitar /drums（鼓）
v play+球/棋/牌类：play basketball / ping-pong / chess / cards（牌）
be good with=get on/along well with 善于应付...的;与...相处得好
12.
be good at=do well in 擅长于...

be good for 对...有好处

be good to 对...好

eg: My sister is good at drawing.
Eating vegetables is good for your health.
Mr.Green is good to us.
Tom is good with his friends.
13. 辨析：talk，say，speak与tell
Ø talk：意为“说话，谈话”，与介词to，with连用表示“与...交谈”；与介词about连用表示“谈论关于......”
Ø say：强调说话内容，后接所要说的内容。
Ø speak：强调说话的动作，而不强调说话内容。在正式场合发言、演讲用speak，说某种语言也用speak。
Ø tell：意为“告诉；讲”。表示讲故事或讲笑话要用tell。
tell sb. sth=tell sth. to sb. “告诉某人某事”
eg：Mary can ________ Chinese very well.
“I don’t know.”she ________.
Father always ________ interesting stories to us.
The teacher often ________ with his students.
Could you please ________ me your name？
14. 辨析：join，take part in与attend
Ø join：①指加入某个党派，团体或俱乐部，并成为其中的一员。
eg：join the army（参军）join the Party（入党）join the League（入团）
join the swimming/art/singing/music/sports club
②后接表示人的名词或代词作宾语。表示“和某人一起做某事” join sb. in (doing) sth.
eg：Will you join us in the discussion？你参加我们的讨论吗？
Ø take part in：意为“参加，参与”，指参加会议或群众性的活动。
eg：He takes an active part in school activities.
Did you take part in the sports meeting yesterday？
Ø attend：侧重参加或出席会议或学术活动等。（正式用语）
eg：attend the meeting (参加会议) attend the lecture (听演讲)
attend the wedding (参加婚礼) attend the party (参加派对)
attend school (上学) attend church (做礼拜)

Unit 2 What time do you go to school?
1. 迟到：be late for = arrive late for
2. 穿上衣服：get dressed
3. (没)有时间去做某事：have (no) time to do sth.
4. 在上学日：on school days
5. 辨析：job与work
① job：可数名词，指具体的职业或工作。
②work：不可数名词，指人们日常生活和工作中从事的体力或脑力劳动，即各类工作。
eg：He has lots of work to do every day.
She has a good job in a bank.
what time：用来询问具体的时刻（几点；几点几分）

when：意为“何时”，用来询问年份、月份、日期，也可问时间点
6.

eg：What time do you usually get up？= When do you usually get up？
—At 7:30.
7. either......or...... “要么...要么...”“或者...或者...”连接两个成分作主语时，谓语动词通常与邻近的主语保持一致（就近原则）
eg：Either you or Iam good at speaking English.
² 附：常见的英语就近原则短语
①动词 “锻炼”
eg：How often do you exercise？
②可数n. “练习，功课，体操等”，常用复数形式
eg：I’m doing morning exercises.
③不可数n. “锻炼，运动”
eg：The doctor tells us to take more exercise.
There be句型；not...only,but...also...（不仅...而且...）；neither...nor...（既不...也不...）；not...but（不是...而是...）
8. exercise

9. 辨析：时间介词at，in与on
Ø at：用于具体的时刻前或固定短语eg：at 5 o’clock at night
Ø in：用在月份、季节、年份等前，也可表示在早上、下午或晚上 eg：in June；in 2017；in summer；in the morning
Ø on：用于日期、星期几、节日前，也可指具体的某一天或某一天的上/下午或晚上
eg：on Monday；on Children’s day；on a cold winter evening；
on April 1st；on the morning of July 5th
10. 时刻的表达法：
①当分钟<或=30，用past表示。其结构为：“分钟+past+整点”
②当分钟>30，用to表示。其结构为：“(60-分钟)+to+(整点+1)”

Unit 3 How do you get to school?
1. how引导的特殊疑问句提问交通方式，其答语分四种情况：
①take a/an/the+交通工具（单数）+to +地点（动词短语，在句中作谓语）
②walk/ride/fly/drive+to+地点（地点副词home/there/here，省to）
③ by+交通工具（单数）（介词短语作方式状语）
④ on/in+限定词+交通工具（介词短语作方式状语）
eg：take the bus to school=go to school by bus=go to school on a bus
drive a car to work=go to work by car=go to work in a car
2. hundred“百” thousand“千”million“百万” billion“十亿”
若前有数词修饰，不加s，反之要加s
eg：two hundred birds 200只鸟 hundreds of students 数百名学生
3.How far is it from A to B?=How far is B from A?“从A到B有多远”答语有两种：
(1)It’s…meters/miles/kilometers(away)有……米/英里/千米（远）
(2)It’s about ten minutes’ walk/ ride.约有十分钟步行/骑车的路程
4.what ... think of......？=How do/does... like......？ ...觉得...怎么样？
5.be afraid to do sth. “害怕做某事” be afraid +that从句“恐怕.....”
be afraid of sb./sth. “害怕某人/某物”
be afraid of doing sth. “害怕做某事”
6. It takes sb. +时间+ to do sth. “做某事花费某人多长时间”
eg：It takes me 20 minutes to get to school by bike.
7. 辨析：cost，pay，spend和take
cost
主语是物
sth. cost sb.+钱
pay
主语是人
sb. pays/paid +钱 for sth.
spend
主语是人
sb. spend(s) money/time on sth./(in) doing sth
take
常用it作形式主语
It takes/took sb. +时间 to do sth.
to do sth.
9. It is +adj. + for sb.
of sb. 若形容词表示事物特征时，如difficult, easy,important,interesting ,necessary ,hard等，用介词for; 当表示人物性格、品质时，如good, nice, kind, clever, foolish,rude等，用介词of.
eg： It is difficult for you to do math homework.
It is kind of you to dress my sister every morning.
10.
how long
询问时间或长度，答语常用“For+时间段”
how far
询问距离，表示“多远”
how often
“多久一次”，询问频率
how soon
“多久一次”，询问时间，答语常用“in+时间段”
how many
“多少”，询问可数名词数量
how much
“多少”，询问不可数名词数量和价格
11. 宾语从句的复合句：从句要用陈述语序
eg：Could you tell me how he goes to school.
He wants to know where Tom lives.
12. “数词+名词（+形容词）”，名词用单数形式
eg：an 8-year-old boy a two-month holiday
13.leave v. “离开；动身”→left（过去式）
1) leave for+地点表示“动身去某地”
eg：I am leaving for London next week.
2) leave+地点+for+地点表示“离开某地去某地”

Unit 4 Don’t eat in class.
1. practice v.“练习，训练”,其后接名词、代词或动名词作宾语
practice doing sth. “练习做某事”
2. 对某人要求严格：be strict with sb.
对(做)某事严格要求：be strict in (doing) sth.
3. “做某事很开心”：have fun doing sth.= have a good/great time doing sth.= enjoy oneself (in) doing sth.
relaxing adj. “令人放松的”，修饰物
relaxed adj. “感到放松的”，修饰人
relax v. “使放松”
4.

5. 辨析：arrive，reach与get
arrive
不及物动词
arrive in+大地方
arrive at+小地方
arrive in New York
arrive at the station
reach
及物动词
reach+地点
reach here/home/there
get
不及物动词
get to+地点
get to the park
6. 辨析：too many，too much与much too
too many
“太多的”
后接可数名词复数
too much
“太多的”
后接不可数名词,还可修饰动词作状语
much too
“太......”
修饰形容词或副词
eg：There are too many flowers in the garden.
I have too much homework this evening.
He talks too much.
The little boy is much too fat.
Unit 5 Why do you like pandas?
1.Let’s do sth. “让我们做某事”，表示建议
2.feel like doing sth. “想要做某事”
eg：I feel like taking a rest.
3. Why don’t you +动词原形？“为什么不做某事呢？”
= Why not +动词原形？
4. “one of the +形容词最高级+名词复数”表示“最...之一”，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
“one of +代词宾格”表示“......之一”
eg：One of them is good at English.
Kung Fu Panda is one of the most interesting films.
5.be in (great) danger “处于(极大)的危险中”
6.forget（remember）to do sth. “忘记（记得）去做某事”
forget（remember）doing sth.“忘记（记得）做过某事”
7.辨析：be made of，be made from，be made in和be made by
be made of
由...制成（看得出原材料）
be made from
由...制成（看不出原材料）
be made in
在...制造（in后常接表示地点的名词）
be made by
由...制造（by用来强调动作的执行者）
eg：The kite is made of paper.
The paper is made from wood.
The car is made in Beijing.
The chair is made by my father.
8. 否定疑问句：常表示反问、责备或说话人的看法和惊异的情绪，意为“难道...不...吗？”
结构：“连系动词be/助动词/情态动词的否定形式+主语+其他？”
eg：Isn’t the panda from China？难道那只熊猫不是来自中国的吗？
—Yes,it is. 不，它是。
—No,it isn’t. 是的，它不是
Doesn’t he have a brother？难道他没有兄弟吗？
—Yes,he does. 不，他有。
—No,he doesn’t. 是的，他没有。

Unit 6 I’m watching TV.
1. 现在进行时：be + doing （详见七下课本P111）
2. go to the movies 去看电影（美式）= see a film
go to the cinema 去看电影（英式）
3. go+v-ing形式，表示“去进行这一活动”
eg：go swimming / shopping / fishing / camping / hiking / boating（划船）
4. news：不可数名词，意为“新闻；消息”，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
eg：The news is very important.
5.使役动词：make，let，have 意为“使，让”
make / have / let sb. do sth. “让某人做某事”
6. “打电话”专用语小结：
Who’s that (speaking)？谁在讲话？
May/Could I speak to ......？请...接电话好吗？
Is that......(speaking)？你是......吗？
This is......(speaking). 我是......
² 在系动词后，常跟形容词作表语
7. 常见系动词类型归纳：
be动词（am，is，are）
感官动词（feel，look，smell，taste，sound，seem）
“变得”（get，become，turn，grow）
保持（keep，stay）
eg：He felt ill yesterday.
The food tastes delicious. It sounds good.
8. 【倒装句】
以here或there开头的句子，若主语是名词，句子要倒装，结构为“Here+be/动词+名词”，表示“这是......”
eg：Here is your bike. Here comes the bus.
若主语是代词，则句子不用倒装。结构为“Here+代词+be”
eg：Here you are. 给你 Here it is. 它在这里
9. wish sb. sth. 祝愿某人某事 eg：I wish you success.
wish (sb.) to do sth. 希望（某人）做某事
wish+that从句（虚拟语气） eg：I wish I could fly like a bird.
10. hope to do sth. 希望做某事
hope+that从句
11. 辨析：other，the other，others，another与the others
other
“别的，其他的”，表示三者或三者以上的其他人或物，可以修饰单数或复数名词
the other
表示两者中的另一个，常用于“one...the other...”结构中，意为“一个......另一个......”
another
泛指三者或三者以上的另一个，其后可接单数名词
others
指剩余的另一些（并非全部），与some连用，表示“一些...其他的...”
the others
特指在一个范围内剩余的全部
eg：I have two pencils.One is red，_________ is green.
Many people are in the park.Some are singing，________ are dancing.
There are 20 students in the classroom.15 are boys，________ are girls.
12. many of... ：“...中的许多”,of后接代词的宾格，可数名词复数，谓语动词用复数形式
eg：Many of us like the film. 我们中的很多人喜欢这部电影。
Many of her friends are girls. 她的朋友中有许多是女孩。

Unit 7 It’s raining！
1. 询问天气的表达方式：
It’s rainy/cloudy/sunny/windy
How’s the weather in +地点？
=What’s the weather like in +地点？
2. 雨下得很大：rain heavily
3. 厨师；煮，烹调：cook 炊具：cooker
4. 近来可好：How’s it going？= How’s everything？（后可跟介词短语with sb./sth.）
→答语：Great 很好 / Pretty good相当不错 / Not bad还不错 / Just so so一般般 / Terrible 太糟糕
eg：How’s it going with Tom’s study？
5. on a vacation “在度假” go on a vacation “去度假”
6. just right for...... “正好合适......”后接名词、代词或动名词形式
eg：The hat is just right for you.
The weather here is just right for walking.
7. message：可数名词意为“消息；信息”
常用短语：take a message for sb. 为某人捎个口信
leave a message 留口信
give sb. a message 捎信给某人

Unit 8 Is there a post office near here？
1. there be句型：表示“某处有某人/物”（详见七下课本P114）
就近原则
there is +单数可数名词/不可数名词+地点状语
there are+复数名词+地点状语
eg：There ______ a pen and two pencils in my pencil box.
There ______ 30 classes in our school.
There ______ still some milk in the fridge.
2. 在中心大街：on Center Street 在花园街88号：at 88 Huayuan Street
3. across：介词,“（从物体表面）穿过” across from... “在...对面”
eg：Let's go across the bridge/street. （go across = cross）
4.go/walk along...... “沿着...走”
5.in the neighborhood “在附近”
6.crossing：名词，表示“十字路口”
eg: Turn right/left at the +序数词+crossing. 在第几个十字路口右/左转
sb. do sth. 看到/听到某人做某事的全过程
sb. doing sth. 看到/听到某人正在做某事

7.watch / see / hear

8. 动词不定式（短语），在句中作目的状语，可放在开头或结尾，表示“为了......”
eg：________ (learn) English well,he needs a dictionary.
He works day and night ________ (get) the money.
________(keep) healthy,we should eat more vegetables and fruit.
9. 【归纳】后面常接动名词的动词（短语）
喜欢、考虑不可避免（enjoy，consider，avoid）
承认、放弃太冒险（admit，give up，risk）
允许想象莫推延（permit，imagine，delay，put off）
要求完成是期待（require，finish，look forward to）
建议继续实践（suggest，go on，practice）
不禁原谅要坚持（can’t help，excuse，insist on）
继续介意使成功（keep on，mind，succeed in）
10. 【归纳】后面常接不定式的动词（短语）
1) 三个希望两答应：hope，wish，want，agree，promise
2) 两个要求莫拒绝：demand，ask，refuse
3) 设法学会做决定：manage，learn，decide
4) 假装期待在选择：pretend，expect，choose
5) 迫不及待做某事：can’t wait
11.【归纳】后面可接不定式或动名词的动词
remember（forget） to do / remember（forget） doing
mean to do / mean doing 打算去做某事/意味着...
go on to do / go on doing 接着做另一件事/继续不停做某事
try to do / try doing 努力(尽力)做某事/ 尝试做某事
stop to do / stop doing 停下来去做另一件事/停止正在做的事
regret to do / regret doing 遗憾要做某事（未做）/后悔做过某事

Unit 9 What does he look like？
1. 询问某人的外貌：What does/do ... look like？“...长什么样”
→回答：①“主语+be+形容词/介词短语”
eg：He is tall / of medium build（height）.
②“主语+has/have+形容词+名词”eg：He has short hair.
2. 询问某人的性格或品质：What is ......like？“...是个什么样的人”
eg:What’s he like？——He is very kind and friendly.
3.sb. have / has +长短+直卷+颜色+hair.
eg：She has long curly brown hair.
4.
/
修饰不可数名词
修饰可数名词
表肯定含义
a little（有点儿）
a few（有几个）
表否定含义
little（几乎没有）
few（几乎没有）
5.有关put的短语：
put on 穿上（衣服） put away 放好，把...收起来
put down 放下，写下 put up 张贴；举起；搭建
in height
put off 推迟，阻止 put out 熄灭；出版
tall
6.描述某人或某物的高度：sb.+be+数字+meters/feet
eg：He is two meters in height.= He is two meters tall.
Unit 10 I’d like some noodles.
1. 可数名词的复数变化规则：
①一般情况下，直接在词尾加s
②以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词，变y为i再加es
③以s,x,ch,sh结尾的词，加es
④以o结尾的名词，有生命的加es，无生命的加s
⑤以f，fe结尾的词，变f，fe为ves
2. would like (sb.) to do sth. “想要(某人)做某事”
Would you like......？—Yes,please. / No,thanks.
Would you like to do sth.？—Yes,I’d love to / Sorry,I’d love to,but......
3. 常见的不可数名词：beef，bread，butter(黄油)，milk，coffee，tea，rice，sugar，meat，soup，paper，furniture(家具)，money，advice，fun，information(信息)，progress(进步)，homework，change(零钱)等
4. 形容词修饰不定代词，要后置。
eg：something special something interesting / new
5. be popular with 受...欢迎
get popular 变得流行
①意为“鱼”,可数名词，单复数同形；若指不同种类的鱼，则为fishes.
②意为“鱼肉”，不可数名词

6.fish

the number of “...的数量”，后跟名词复数，谓语动词用单数
a number of “许多...”，后跟名词复数，谓语动词用复数
7.

eg：The number of students in our school _________ 500.
A number of students ________ playing football.
8.有关cut的短语：
cut up切碎 cut down 砍倒；削减 cut off 切断；中断 cut in 插嘴
9. If 引导的条件状语从句，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时，即“主将从现”。
eg：If it rains tomorrow，we will not go to the zoo.

Unit 11 How was your school trip？
1. 散步：go for a walk = take a walk
2. 一般过去时（详见七下课本P112）
捡起；拿起（某物）
（用车）接 pick sb. up
收拾，整理

3. pick up

4. 英语中以ly结尾的词是形容词：
lovely（可爱的）lonely（孤独的）lively（生机勃勃的）ugly（丑陋的） friendly（友好的）daily（每日的）weekly（每周的）likely（可能的）
5. be interested in doing sth.“对做某事感兴趣”
interest
名词
“兴趣”places of interest（名胜古迹）
interested
形容词
“有趣的”，主语是物
interesting
形容词
“有趣的”，主语是人
6.Thanks for... “谢谢...”= Thank you for... for后常接名词、代词或动词-ing形式，表示感谢的内容或原因。
eg：Thanks for your help.
Thanks for inviting me.

Unit 12 What did you do last weekend？
1. tired：形容词“疲倦的；厌烦的”
eg：be tired of doing sth. “对...感到厌烦”
2. 常见的动词+er构成的名词：
play—player （运动员） sing—singer teach—teacher
work—worker drive—driver train—trainer（训练员）
常见的动词+or构成的名词：
visit—visitor（参观者）invent—inventor（发明家）
collect—collector（收藏者） act—actor（男演员）
3. 【感叹句】
Ø how+形容词/副词（+主语+谓语）！
eg：How happy they look！ How well she sings！
Ø how+主语+谓语！
eg：How time flies！时光飞逝
Ø how+形容词+a/an+单数可数名词（+主语+谓语）！
eg：How beautiful a girl (she is)！
v What+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数（+主语+谓语）！
eg：What a lovely dog (it is)！
v What+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词（+主语+谓语）！
eg：What terrible weather it is！
What expensive watches (they are)！
4. 反意疑问句：表示提出看法，问对方同意与否。
前肯后否
eg:Your mother goes to work every day,doesn’t she？
—Yes,she does. 是的 No,she doesn’t.不是
前否后肯
Your father isn’t a teacher,is he？
—Yes,he is. 不，他是老师No,he isn’t. 是的，他不是老师

² 人称代词
单复数

人称

单 数
复 数
第一
人称
第二
人称
第三人称
第一
人称
第二
人称
第三
人称
人称
代词
主 格
I
you
he
she
it
we
you
they
宾 格
me
you
him
her
it
us
you
them

² 物主代词
单复数

人称

单 数
复 数
第一
人称
第二人称
第三人称
第一
人称
第二
人称
第三
人称
物主代词
形容词性
my
your
his
her
its
our
your
their
名词性
mine
yours
his
hers
its
ours
yours
theirs

eg：This is my