文都考研英语备考.pdf

目 录考研英语备考注意事项.1第一天.3第二天.4第三天.7第四天.8第五天.9第六天.12第七天.13第八天.14第九天.16第十天.18第十一天.21第十二天.23第十三天.24第十四天.25第十五天.27第十六天.28第十七天.30第十八天.31第十九天.33第二十天.35英语篇考研英语备考注意事项一、考研题型设置试题分为三大部分：第一部分完形填空，在一篇约300个单词的文章中留出20个空白，要求考生从每题给出的4个选项 中选出最佳答案，使补全后的文章意思通顺、前后连贯、结构完整。共20小题，总计10分。第二部分阅读理解，由ABC三节组成。共30小题,满分为60分。A.传统的阅读理解。主要考查有相关文化背景知识的阅读理解能力。B.新题型。考查方式有排序题,七选五，小标题对应三种题型。C.翻译。以英译汉的形式来进行考查。英语一和英语二在题型上有差异。英语一给出 一篇约400个单词的文章，要求对文章中5个画线部分的句子进行翻译，共计10分。英语 二要求将长度约为150个单词的段落全部译成汉语，共计15分。第三部分写作（包含大小作文，共计30分）小作文:以应用文或摘要的形式来考查，满分10分。大作文:通常以图画或图表的形式来考查，英语一主要以图画或漫画的形式出现，字数 要求为160200个单词，满分20分。英语二则重点以图表的形式来考查，字数要求不少于 150个单词，满分15分。二、考研全程复习规划从三个阶段着手准备，前期夯实基础，中期提高强化，后期技巧训练。第一阶段：基础夯 实阶段（3月6月），甚至可以更早一些准备。此阶段平均每天学习英语的时间应保证在3个小时左右。主要学习内容包括：单词的记忆 每天30分钟，目标是大纲词汇，见到单词能反应出其基本含义即可。这里建议大家借助刘一男老师的考研词汇速记指南来识记词汇,既有趣，又高效。长难句分析 每天分析56个复杂的句型结构,在找出主干的情况下，自己试着翻 译出来。题源文章的阅读 要能把握文章主旨大意，初步认识考研阅读理解题目的特点,这点 大家可将考研英语阅读同源外刊时文精析做为辅导材料来学习。16又都教育“第二阶段:提高强化阶段（7月10月）此阶段平均每天学习时间保证在34个小时。主要学习内容包括：单词的循环记忆，区分易混淆词汇，熟词生义，同近义词辨析短语等。真题分专项阅读，翻译，完形，新题型逐个突破。作文相关句型结构的积累。第三阶段:考前冲刺阶段（12月考前）由于冲刺阶段考生需要复习的内容比较多而杂,此阶段平均每天放在英语的学习时间 应控制在3小时左右。主要学习内容包括：单词的巩固记忆真题的成套练习重在相关做题技巧及行文思路的总结和整理。将近10年的考研真题 再做一遍,继续保持做真题的感觉。范文的学习及练习 此阶段必须开始作文练习，参考真题中的作文题目，熟练运用大 小作文模板,通过练习把握作文结构和主题,争取能够写出符合考研作文要求的文章，最大 限度避免常见语法错误。模拟题的检测 通过做模拟题检测自己的不足之处。三、考研相关复习方法单词应该如何去背？结合阅读文章或一些短文背诵,将词汇融入文章的理解中去记忆更好一些，切勿单纯地 按照词汇书孤立地背单词。止匕外，在记单词时，不要在一个单词上停留太长时间，尽量多频 率地记几次,加深印象,不要指望背一次就把它记住。做真题阅读理解时，每次错的个数都差不多，感觉没有太大的提高，问题症结在哪里？做阅读理解时一定要理清文章的结构和行文思路，把握文章的主题，明确作者的态度，切勿只是为了做题而做题,不对文章进行分析。作文在冲刺阶段背背模板行不行？肯定不行，背模板对于完全没有写作思路的同学而言,是有一定的用处，但是不能完全 依赖它，一定要自己练习着写一写，把背过的模板用合适的主题充实起来。这样才能保证我 们上了考场,防止由于紧张而大脑一片空白的情况出现。总之，英语复习要有计划性和针对性，最好每天制订详细的复习计划并努力完成。另 外,在复习的过程中，不仅要计划明确,还要注意重点突出。在英语考试中，阅读和作文总计 占了 70分，因而，对这两个专项应当充分重视。接下来，我们就开始第一天的学习哦!2文都教育英语篇【每日一句】通过文化来学习语言，语言才会学得更好。语言的魅力在于后面有一个大的精神。I王佐良【短语积累】1.talk like a book（特同文外外）2.drink like a fish（刊精）3.smoke like a chimney（做辅导大）4.as proud as a peacock（材料雀一,步骄傲）5.as timid as a mouse（胆小如鼠）6.as black as pitch（漆黑-认）7.as blind as a bat（完全看不见东西）8.as brave as a lion（材狮子一步勇敢）9.as busy as a bee（材蜜蜂一步忙碌）10.as poor as a church mouse（贫如洗）11.as straight as an arrow（材箭杆一步笔直）12.as sly as a fox（材狐狸一步狡猾）13.as faithful as a dog（材狗一*步忠诚）14.as quiet as a lamp（材羔羊一步驯良）15.as sharp as a knife（材刀一*步锋利）16.as hungry as a wolf（饿得材狼一步）【翻译练习】Directions：Read the following text carefully and translate the underlined segments into Chinese.Our world of the mid-1990s faces potentially bursting change.The question is in what direction will it take us?（l）Will the change come from worldwide initiatives that reverse the degradation of the planet and restore hope for the future,or will it come from continuing environmental deterioration that leads to economic decline and social instability?3 就又都教育,There is no precedent for the rapid substantial change we need to make.(2)Building an environmentally sustainable future depends on restructuring the global economy,major shifts in human reproductive behavior,and dramatic changes in values and lifestyles.Doing all this quickly adds up to a revolution that is driven and defined by the need to restore the earths environmental systems.If this Environmental Revolution succeeds,it will rank with the Agricultural and Industrial Revolutions as one of the great economic and social transformations in human history.Like the Agricultural Revolution,it will dramatically alter population trends.(3)While the former set the stage for enormous increases in human numbers,this revolution will succeed only if it stabilizes human population size,reestablishing a balance between people and natural system on which they depend.In contrast to the Industrial Revolution,which was based on a shift to fossil fuels,this new transformation will be based on a shift away from fossil fuels.(4)The two earlier revolutions were driven by technological advancesthe first by the discovery of farming and the second by the invention of the steam engine,which converted the energy in coal into mechanical power.The Environmental Revolution,while it will obviously need new technologies,will be driven primarily by the restructuring of the global economy so that it does not destroy its natural support system.The pace of the Environmental Revolution needs to be far faster than that of its predecessors.The Agricultural Revolution began some 10,000 years ago,and the Industrial Revolution has been under way for about two centuries.But if the Environmental Revolution is to succeed,it must be compressed into a few decades.Progress in the Agricultural Revolution was measured almost exclusively in the growth in food output that eventually enabled farmers to produce a surplus that could feed city dwellers.Similarly,industrial progress was gained by success in expanding the output of raw materials and manufactured goods.(5)The Environmental Revolution will bi judged by whether it can shift the world economy into an environmentally sustainable development path,one that leads to greater economic security,healthier lifestyles,and a worldwide improvement in the human condition.(参考译文见第37页)%噌第二天二3【每日一句】Fear is proof of a degenerate mind.恐惧是智力退化的证明。|维吉尔 4文都教育英语篇【美文赏析】Hold fast to dreams紧紧抓住梦想Langston HughesHold fast to dreamsFor if dreams dieLife is a broken-winged bird That cannot fly.Hold fast to dreamsFor if dreams go Life is a barren field Frozen with snow.人生不能没有梦想，因为一旦失去梦想，人生就如同断翅的鸟儿不能再展翅翱翔;人生不能没有梦想，因为一旦梦想消亡，人生就被冰雪覆盖，满目凄凉。【阅读理解】Directions：Read the following text and answer the questions that follow.Read the text again and see if a better understanding can be gained upon your more reading.Those who welcomed the railway saw it as more than a rapid and comfortable means of passing.They actually saw it as a factor in world peace.They did not foresee that the railway would be just one more means for the rapid movement of aggressive armies.None of them foresaw that the more being together-the more chances there are of war.Any boy or girl who is one of a large family knows that.Whenever any new invention is put forward,those for it and those against it can always find medical men to approve or condemn.The anti-railway group produced doctors who said that tunnels would be most dangerous to public health：they would produce colds,catarrhs（粘膜炎）and consumptions.The deafening noise and the glare of the engine fire,would have a bad effect on the nerves.Further,being moved through the air at a high speed would do grave injury to delicate lungs.In those with high blood-pressure,the movement of the train might produce apoplexy（中 风）.The sudden plunging of a train into the darkness of a tunnel,and the equally sudden rush into full daylight,would cause great damage to eyesight.But the pro-railway group was of course able to produce equally famous medical men to say just the opposite.They said that the speed and swing of the 5破文都教育“train would equalize the circulation,promote digestion,tranquilize the nerves,and ensure good sleep.The actual rolling-stock was anything but comfortable.If it was a test of endurance to sit for four hours outside a coach in rain,or inside in dirty air,the railway offered little more in the way of comfort.Certainly the first-class carriages had cushioned seats；but the second-class had only narrow bare boards,while the third-class had nothing at all；no seats and no roof；they were just open trucks.So that third-class passengers gained nothing from the few mode except speed.In the matter of comfort,indeed they lost；they did,on the coaches,have a seat,but now they had to stand all the way,which gave opportunities to the comic(认特大)press.This kind of thing：a man was seen yesterday buying a third-class ticket for the new London and Birmingham Railway.The state of his mind is being enquired into.A writer in the early days of railways wrote feelingly of both second-and third-class carriages.He made the suggestion that the directors of the railways must have sent all over the world to find the hardest possible wood.Of the open third-class trucks he said that they had the peculiar property of meeting the rain from whatever quarter it came.He described them as horizontal shower-baths,from whose searching power there was no escape.1.All boys and girls in large families know that.A)a boy and a girl usually fight when they are togetherB)people tend to be together more than they used to beC)a lot of people being together makes fights likelyD)Railway leads the world to peace2.According to those who welcomed the railway,the railway itself should include all the following except.A)the railway enables people travel fastB)the railway brings comfort to peopleC)the railway makes the world peacefulD)the railway leads the world to war as well.3.According to the anti-railway group,all the followings are true but.A)tunnels are dangerous to public healthB)the noise and the glare of the engine fire may affect peoples nervesC)the rapid speed through the air does damage to peoples lungsD)to those with high blood-pressure,the rapid speed of the train causes them to die4.We may safely conclude that.A)the author belongs to the anti-railway groupB)the author belongs to the fbr-railway groupC)the author speaks highly of the railwayD)the author may never take train because of its potential clangers5.What is the tone of this passage?A)Practical B)Satirical C)Humorous D)Exaggerated(完一全文37步)6文都教育英语篇【每日一句】使用英语复述自己感兴趣的阅读材料和用英语写日记。陶洁:【美文赏析】Music音乐Music,we may say,is the art of organizing sounds.Music is a rhythmic poem that inspires,a harmonious tone that tranquilizes,a melody of mystery and beauty.There are many kinds of music.Since people have different ideas of what is beautiful,so we have our choices from the magnificent compositions of music masters like Beethoven,Bach,Chopin,Wagner,to the popular songs and tunes of the common music hall.Only people of educated musical taste can appreciate the former,and they find no pleasure in the latter.While the common people are bored with what is called classical music,and find pleasure only in what musicians would call vulgar tunes.However,good music often has a wonderful effect upon the feelings of even ignorant people.One poet has said,uMusic has charms to soothe the savage beast”.Soft and sweet music soothes the wearied,the sad,the restless,and grand music will fill strong men with great ambitions.The regimental band puts courage into the hearts of troops；the solemn hymns fill the worshippers with reverence.Indeed,as the poet Dryden once asked,u What passion cannot music raise and quell?”可以说，音乐是组织声响的艺术。音乐是触动灵感的韵诗，是抚慰心灵的谐音，是神秘 而美丽的曲调。音乐有多种类型。由于审美观的不同,人们对音乐有不同的选择。有的人爱好音乐大 师贝多芬、巴赫、肖邦、瓦格纳所创作的气势磅礴的音乐，有的人钟情于普通音乐厅的流行歌 曲。音乐大师的宏伟作品只有受过音乐品味教养的人才懂得欣赏，他们从流行歌曲中找不 到任何乐趣;平民百姓则对所谓的“古典音乐”感到枯燥无味，他们只能欣赏音乐家们称为庸 俗的曲调。不管怎样，美妙的音乐即使对平庸无知的人也常常产生奇特的影响。一位诗人说过:“音乐具有抚慰野蛮心灵的魔力J柔和甜美的音乐抚慰疲乏、伤心和不安的人;雄浑的音乐使强者雄心勃勃;军乐鼓舞战 士勇气;庄严的颂诗使礼拜者充满恭敬虔诚。的确,正如诗人德莱登曾经说过的那样:“有哪 7破文都教育“一种激情是音乐所不能激发或平息的呢?”【积累短语】Directions：You have just learned that your friend Joe s ankles injured and he was in hospital now.Write a letter to him to convey your concern about his injury.You should write about 100 words.Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter,using“Li Ming instead.(10 points)(参考范文见第37页)&噌第四天M【每日一句】I have nothing to offer but blood,toil,tears and sweat.我所能贡献的只有鲜血、辛苦的工作、眼泪和汗水，别无其他。丘吉尔【翻译练习】Directions：Read the following text and choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank.Read the text a-gain and see if a better understanding can be gained upon your more reading.Music comes in many forms；most countries have a style of their own.the turn of the century when jazz(爵士乐)was born,America had no prominent 2 of its own.No one knows exactly when jazz was 3,or by whom.But it began to be 4 in the early 1900s.Jazz is Americas contribution to 5 music.In contrast to classical music,which 6 formal European traditions.Jazz is spontaneous and free-form.It bubbles with energy,7 moods,interestsand emotions of the people.In the 1920s jazz 8 like America.And 9 it does today.The 10 of this music are as interesting as the music 11,American Negroes,orblacks,as they are called today were the Jazz 12 They were brought to the Southern states 13 slaves.They were sold to plantation owners and forced to work long 14 When a Negro died his friends and relatives 15 a procession to carry the body to the cemetery.In New Orleans,a band often accompanied the 16 On the way to the cemetery the band played slow,solemn music suited to the occasion.17 on the way home the mood changed.Spirits lifted.Death had removed one of their 18,but the living were glad to be alive.The bandplayed 19 music,improvising(艮兴表演)on both the harmony and the melody of the tunes 20 at the funeral.This music made everyone wan to dance.It was an early form of Jazz.1.A)By B)At C)In D)On8今文都教肓英语篇2.A)music B)song C)melodyD)style3.A)discovered B)acted C)inventedD)designed4.A)noticed B)found C)listenedD)heard5.A)classical B)sacred C)popularD)light6.A)forms B)follows C)approachesD)introduces7.A)expressing B)explaining C)exposingD)illustrating8.A)appeared B)felt C)seemedD)sounded9.A)as B)so C)eitherD)neither10.A)origins B)originals C)discoveriesD)resources11.A)concerned B)itself C)availableD)oneself12.A)players B)followers C)fansD)pioneers13.A)for B)as C)w汕D)by14.A)months B)weeks C)hoursD)times15.A)demonstrated B)composed C)hostedD)formed16.A)demonstration B)procession C)bodyD)march17.A)Even B)Therefore C)FurthermoreD)But18.A)number B)members C)bodyD)relations19.A)sad B)solemn C)happyD)funeral20.A)whistled B)sung C)presentedD)showed（答案见第38页）【每日一句】Work without hope draws nectar in a sieve.And hope without an object cannot live.j工作而没有希望，有如用筛子来盛美酒。有希望而没有目标，则希望不能生存。-柯勒律治 I【熟词僻义】stomach/stMTWk/v.容忍，忍耐，忍受（多半与否定词连用）n.胃，肚子，腹部，食欲，胃口brood/bruid/n.一窝，（同种或同类的）一伙v.孵，沉思（over；on）duck/d八k/n.鸭子v.躲避，回避flag/flaeg/v.（力气、兴趣、热情等）松弛,减弱，衰退;失去吸引力egg/eg/v.鼓动，煽动，怂恿（on）9破文都教育“abstract/obstraekt/v.提（抽）取/aebstraekt/a.抽象种n.摘是，提是accent/aeksant/vt.强调;加重音符号，重读/aeksant/n.口音;重音;重音符号appreciate/apriijieit/v.增值;感激;欣赏approach/oprautj/n.方法，探讨v.靠近appropriate/apraupriat/v.拨款;挪用a.（to）适当种，恰如其一种arrest/arest/v.阻止,表止;吸引注意;逮捕,拘不;扣不avenue/aevanju:/n.途径;林荫道back/baek/v.支持;后退n.背（面）；后面cataract/kaeteraekt/n.平内障;文瀑布;急流charge/tja:d3/v.攻击;索价,收费;指控;充电claim/kleim/v.认领;具有n.是见;主张;索赔;是见权，所有权 claim fame and fortune具有声望和财富check/tjek/v./n.抑制;检查commit/komit/v.致力于;记下;承诺;忠于;犯（罪）；关押，监禁company/kAmpani/n.同伴;宾客;公司;连（队），（考）群,（考）队,（考）伙 keep company with与.交往，与.结伴compromise/knmpramaiz/v.损害;违背（理想原则）；妥协n.妥协;和解;折表方案considerable/kansid8robl/a.文量种，可观种；值得即虑种convention/konvenj n/n.惯例；公能,协定；会议critical/kritikl/a.危急种，紧是种;临界种;批评种，评论种cover/k/wa（r）/v.（新闻）报道;支付;行走（考段路程）；覆盖;包括n.盖子,套子；（书种）封面cover up掩饰,掩盖coverage/kAvorid3/n.新闻报道；覆盖,覆盖范围;总结crack/kraek/vt.解决;揭露;嘲讽;打断;使断裂n.缺点；粗鲁;破裂delegate/deligit/v.授权，把委托情别人;委派（或推举）的代表n.代表;委 员会委员devise/divaiz/v.策划，发明，想第;遗赠n.策划，设计，发明;遗赠discharge/distfa：d3/v.尽职,履行;卸货;排第;发射;放（电）；释放;解雇;解除n.卸 货;排第;发射，放（电）；释放;解雇;解除discipline/disaplm/n.学科；规或制度；纪律；训练;克制；惩罚v.训练;克制；惩罚10文都教育英语篇distinction/distir|kf n/n.荣誉；优异;特征;差别;区分;不同点distinguished/distir|gwijt/a.著名的；地位高的；高贵的;显著的，引人注目的embrace/imbreis/v.包括;接受；围绕;拥有;信奉;拥抱n.接受;包围;拥抱exploit/ikspbit/v.利用;开发;剥削n.壮举,功绩;业绩fa