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,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,当代高职高专英语教程 第,2,册,*,单击此处编辑母版标题样式,浙江大学出版社,本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。谢谢。本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。谢谢。本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。,当代高职高专英语教程 第,2,册,Unit Two,Education,1/168,英文姓名：,William H.Gates III KBE(William H.Gates III,Young William H.Gates,William Gates third,Bill Gates),汉字姓名：,威廉,亨利,盖茨三世爵士,(,威廉,亨利,盖茨三世，小威廉,亨利,盖茨，威廉,盖茨第三，比尔,盖茨）,出生日期：,1955,年,10,月,28,日,出生地：,美国华盛顿州西雅图,2/168,星座：,天蝎座,身高：,180cm,体重：,80kg,绰号：,“电脑神童”“,左撇子,”,兴趣：,乒乓球,、,围棋,最喜欢歌星：,JOHN LENNON,最喜欢食物：,汉堡包和可乐,崇敬人：,拿破仑,沃伦,巴菲特,3/168,格言：,“我是王”“我能赢”,理想：,把世界引向未来时速之路,社交：,不愿主动与人接触，但在压抑状态下极易高谈阔论,信仰：,虔诚天主教徒,情绪：,突发性惊慌愤恨,观念：,二十一世纪，电脑和,因特网,会使各地财富和权利分配愈加平均。,管理：,“螺旋桨头脑”和“,达尔文,式管理”是运作微软最有效伎俩。,数椐神经系统,是未来管理必定模式。,4/168,比尔,盖茨,(1955-),微软企业创始人之一、前微软企业主席兼首席软件架构师,比尔,盖茨是微软企业主席和首席软件架构师。微软企业在个人计算和商业计算软件、服务和互联网技术方面都是全球范围内领导者。在,年,6,月截止上个财年，微软企业收入达,283.7,亿美元，在,78,个国家和地域开展业务，全球员工总数超出,51,500,人。,5/168,盖茨出生于,1955,年,10,月,28,日，和两个姐姐一块在,西雅图,长大。他们父亲，,William H.Gates II,，是西雅图律师。盖茨已故母亲，,Mary Gates,，是学校教师，,华盛顿大学,董事以及,United Way International,主席。,盖茨曾就读于在西雅图公立小学和私立湖滨中学。在那里，他发觉了他在软件方面兴趣而且在,13,岁时开始了计算机编程。,6/168,1973,年，盖茨考进了,哈佛大学,。在和现在微软首席执行官史蒂夫,鲍尔默结成了好朋友。在哈佛时候，盖茨为第一台微型计算机,MITS Altair,开发了,BASIC,编程语言一个版本。,在大学三年级时候，盖茨离开了哈佛并把全部精力投入到他与孩提时代挚友,Paul Allen,在,1975,年创建微软企业中。在计算机将成为每个家庭、每个办公室中最主要工具这么信念引导下，他们开始为个人计算机开发软件。盖茨远见卓识以及他对个人计算机先见之明成为微软和软件产业成功关键。在盖茨领导下，微软连续地发展改进软件技术，使软件愈加易用，更省钱和更富于乐趣。企业致力于长久发展，从当前每年超出,50,亿美元研究开发经费就可看出这一点。,7/168,1999,年,盖茨撰写了,未来时速,:,数字神经系统和商务新思维,（,Business the Speed of Thought:Using a Digital Nervous System,）一书，向人们展示了计算机技术是怎样以崭新方式来处理商业问题。这本书在超出,60,个国家以,25,种语言出版。,未来时速,赢得了广泛赞誉，并被,纽约时报,、,今日美国,、,华尔街日报,和,A,列为畅销书。盖茨上一本书，于,1995,年出版,The Road Ahead(,未来之路,),，曾经连续七周名列,纽约时报,畅销书排行榜榜首。,盖茨把两本书全部收入捐献给了非赢利组织以支持利用科技进行教育和技能培训。,8/168,除了对计算机和软件热爱之外，盖茨对生物技术也很有兴趣。他是,ICOS,企业董事会一员，这是一家专注于蛋白质基体及小分子疗法企业。他也是很多其它生物技术企业投资人。盖茨还成立了,Corbis,企业,它正在研究开发世界最大可 视信息资源之一,来自于全球公共收藏和私人收藏艺术及摄影作品综合数字档案。另外，盖茨还和移动电话先锋,Craig McCaw,一起投资于,Teledesic,。这是一个雄心勃勃计划，计划使用几百个低轨道卫星来提供覆盖全世界双向宽带电讯服务。,9/168,对于盖茨来说，慈善事业也是非常主要。他和他妻子,Melinda,已经捐赠了近,58,亿美元建立了一个基金，支持在全球医疗健康和教育领域慈善事业，希望伴随人类进入,21,世纪，这些关键领域科技进步能使全人类都受益。到今天为止，盖茨和他妻子,Melinda Gates,建立基金已经将,25,多亿美元用于了全球健康事业，将,14,亿多美元用于改进人们学习条件，其中包含为盖茨图书馆购置计算机设备、为美国和加拿大低收入小区公共图书馆提供互联网培训和互联网访问服务。另外将超出,2.6,亿美元用于西北太平洋地域小区项目建设，将超出,3.8,亿美元用在一些特 殊项目和每年礼品发放活动上。,盖茨和,Melinda French Gates,于,1994,年,1,月,1,日结婚。他们有三个孩子。盖茨热爱读书，喜欢打高尔夫球和桥牌。,10/168,北京时间,年,6,月,27,日,12:00,消息（美国东部时间,6,月,27,日,00:00,），微软创始人、董事长比尔,盖茨（,Bill Gates,）将于今日正式退休，淡出微软日常管理工作。现任,CEO,、盖茨大学挚友史蒂夫,鲍尔默（,Steve Ballmer,）将全方面接掌微软大权。比尔,盖茨将把自己财产全数捐给其名下慈善基金“比尔及梅琳达盖茨基金会”（,Bill&Miranda Gates Foundation,），一分一毫也不会留给自己儿女。同时，盖茨本人也将全身心投入到慈善事业中。今后，盖茨每七天只会到微软上班一天，其它时间将放在慈善事业上。前很快，盖茨在接收美国,华尔街日报,采访时曾表示，自己“退休以后,20%,时间给微软，,80%,时间做慈善”。据海外媒体报道，盖茨曾表示，做为全职慈善家，他要去第一个站就是中国。,11/168,一、给青年,11,条忠言（首发于,时代,杂志）,1,生活是不公平，你要去适应它。,2,这个世界并不会在意你自尊，而是要求你在自我感觉良好之前先有所成就。,3,刚从学校走出来时你不可能一个月挣,4,万美元，更不会成为哪家企业副总裁，还拥有一部汽车，直到你将这些都挣到手那一天。,4,假如你认为学校里老师过于严厉，那么等你有了老板再回头想一想。,12/168,5,卖汉堡包并不会有损于你尊严。你祖父母对卖汉堡包有着不一样了解，他们称之为“机遇”。,6,假如你陷入困境，那不是你父母过失，不要将你理应负担责任转嫁给他人，而要学着从中吸收教训。,7,在你出生之前，你父母并不像现在这么乏味。他们变成今天这个样子是因为这些年来一直在为你付账单、给你洗衣服。所以，在对父母喋喋不休之前，还是先去清扫一下你自己屋子吧。,8,你所在学校可能已经不再分优等生和劣等生，但生活却并不如此。在一些学校已经没有了“不及格”概念，学校会不停地给你机会让你进步，然而现实生活完全不是这么。,13/168,9,走出学校后生活不像在学校一样有学期之分，也没有暑假之说。没有几位老板乐于帮你发觉自我，你必须依靠自己去完成。,10,电视中许多场景决不是真实生活。在现实生活中，人们必须埋头做自己工作，而非像电视里演那样天天泡在咖啡馆里。,11,善待你所厌恶人，因为说不定哪一天你就会为这么一个人工作。,14/168,当代高职高专英语教程 第,2,册,Cultural Background or Related Information,Education is the knowledge of putting ones potentials to maximum use.One can safely say that a human being is not in the proper sense until he is educated.,Education is vital to the development of an individual.It can tell man how to think and how to make a decision.Only through the attainment of education,man is enabled to receive information from the external world,to acquaint with past history and receive all necessary information regarding the present.So,the training of a human mind is not complete without education.Without education,man is as though as in a closed room but with education he will find himself in a room with all its windows open towards outside world.Besides,education is one of the most important elements for mans success because education can bring man knowledge that helps him to succeed.,Education also plays a very important role in a nations prosperity.Any development in science and technology throughout the world is due to the development of education that brings up scientists and inventors.There is no doubt that countries with undeveloped education will remain poor.,Education is the starting point of every human activity.So we should place great emphasis on education,with which man can know much more about the world and the human being so that man can make the world more beautiful and himself more successful.,15/168,当代高职高专英语教程 第,2,册,Part Two,Reading,Text A,Text B,16/168,当代高职高专英语教程 第,2,册,Lead-in Activity:Discussion,Samples,1.,I think both of them play an important role in my English learning.As a native speaker of Chinese,I was led by my first English teacher into the world of English.It is under the guidance of my English teachers that I have stuck to English learning until now.So I think that only under their guidance can I go so far.I am really grateful to them for their guidance and help.However,as the time goes by,I become more and more independent and know how to learn by myself.,17/168,当代高职高专英语教程 第,2,册,I like to learn English by myself.Now we are college students and we have to learn to be independent in everything,including learning English.At college we are no longer pushed by our teachers to learn.What we should do is to make our own schedule and arrange our own time.We have only four English classes each week.To learn English well,we should put a lot of energy and efforts in learning after class.Therefore,I take self learning as the main approach to English learning at college.,18/168,当代高职高专英语教程 第,2,册,Absolutely yes.Successful job hunting is affected by a lot of things,one of which is the level of your education.The higher education you receive the better job you can get.As we all know,higher education not only enables you to enlarge the scope of your knowledge and broaden your horizon,but can train you into a professional,which is valued high in the society.In addition,a good reputation of your university and your performance at college will greatly influence the decision of the employer.,2.,19/168,当代高职高专英语教程 第,2,册,Most of us still think that the higher education we receive the better occupation we will get.However,there are two sides to every question.First of all,I think a good job means a job that is suitable for one and enables him to make a good living.If someone with a PhD gets a job that only requires a collage diploma,do you think the job is suitable for him?We should also realize that school is somewhat different from the outside world.The degree you earn does not necessarily mean that you have mastered the skills for your life.Moreover,you have no advantage at all as far as working experience is concerned.So think twice before you decide to take higher education just for a better job.,20/168,当代高职高专英语教程 第,2,册,My Advice to Students:Education Counts,1,Hundreds of students send me e-mail each year asking for advice about education,.,They want to know what to study,or whether its okay to drop out of college since thats what I did,.,2,A smaller number of parents send messages,often painful,seeking guidance for their son or daughter,.“How can we steer our child toward success?”they ask.,3,My basic advice is simple and heartfelt:Get the best education you can,.,Take advantage of high school and college,.,Learn how to learn,.,4,Its true that I dropped out of college to start Microsoft,but I was at Harvard for three years before dropping out and Id love to have the time to go back,.,As Ive said before,nobody should drop out of college unless they believe they face the opportunity of a lifetime.And even then they should reconsider,.,Text A,21/168,当代高职高专英语教程 第,2,册,5,The computer industry has lots of people who didnt finish college,but Im not aware of any success stories that began with somebody dropping out of high school,.,I actually dont know any high school dropouts,let alone any successful ones,.,6,In my companys early years we had a bright part-time programmer who threatened to drop out of high school to work full-time.We told him no.,7,Quite a few of our people didnt finish college,but we discourage dropping out,.Having a diploma certainly helps somebody who is looking to us for a job.,8,College isnt the only place where information exists,.You can learn in a library.But somebody handing you a book doesnt automatically foster learning.You want to learn with other people,ask questions,try out ideas and have a way to test your ability.,It usually takes more than just a book,.,22/168,当代高职高专英语教程 第,2,册,9,Education should be broad,although its fine to have deep interests,too.,10,In high school there were periods when I was highly focused on writing software,but for most of my high school years I had wide-ranging academic interests.My parents encouraged this,and Im grateful that they did.,11,Although I attended a lot of different kinds of classes in college,I signed up for only one computer class the whole time.I read about all kinds of things,.,12,One parent wrote me that her 15-year-old son“lost himself in the hole of the computer”.He got an A in website design,but other grades were sinking,she said.,13,This boy is making a mistake,.,High school and college offer you the best chance to learn broadly maths,history,various sciences and to do projects with other kids that teach you firsthand about group dynamics,.,Its fine to take a deep interest in computers,dance,language,or any other discipline,but not if it jeopardizes breadth,.,14,Theres not a perfect correlation between attitudes in high school and success in later life,of course,.,15,But its a real mistake not to take the opportunity to learn a huge range of subjects,and to learn to work with people in high school,and to get the grades that will help you get into a good college.,23/168,当代高职高专英语教程 第,2,册,Reading,Language Focus,1,本文作者是微软企业主席和首席软件设计师比尔,盖茨（,Bill Gates,）。微软企业 是为个人计算机和商业计算机提供软件、服务和,Internet,技术世界范围内领导者。,24/168,当代高职高专英语教程 第,2,册,2,Hundreds of students send me e-mail each year asking for advice about education.,(Para.1),hundreds of,表示“数以百计”，后接可数名词复数。比如：,hundreds of people,（数以百计人）,hundreds of messages,（上百条信息）。类似表示法还有：,thousands of,（数以千计），,millions of,（成千上万）等。注意：,hundred,，,thousand,，,million,等数量词之前加数词或,several,时，不能用复数形式。比如：,25/168,当代高职高专英语教程 第,2,册,two hundred,（二百），,several thousand,（几千），,three thousand million,（三十亿）。,ask for advice,意为“向某人讨教”。动词短语,ask for,意为 “请求得到”。比如：,Everything you asked for is ready.,你要东西都准备好了。,We ask for your cooperation.,我们要求你们合作。,what to study,是一个特殊不定式结构作动词,know,宾语，相当于,what they will study,。不定式 之前能够加上,why,以外其它连接代词或连接副词。,26/168,当代高职高专英语教程 第,2,册,这一结构中不定式含有显著未来意义或情态意义，相当于连接代词或连接副词引导从句，其中谓语动词表示未来时间或带有情态意义。比如：,We dont know which way to take.,相当于,We,dont know which way we should take.,我们不知道该走哪条路。,I dont know whom to turn to for help.,相当于,I,dont know whom I can turn to for help.,我不知道该向谁求援。,27/168,当代高职高专英语教程 第,2,册,3,They want to know what to study,or whether its okay to drop out of college since thats what I did.,(Para.1),okay,等于,OK,；,drop out of,意为“不参加，退出”。比如：,He dropped out of the race because of a bad cold.,他因重感冒而退出了比赛。,Victor had to drop out of college because he developed the lung cancer.,维克托因得了肺癌不得不辍学。,28/168,当代高职高专英语教程 第,2,册,did,在此代替了,dropped out of college,。助动词可代替前面出现过动词，以防止重复。比如,:,You know as much as I do.(=You know as much as I know.),你知道跟我一样多。,May I come round in the morning?,早晨我能够来造访你吗？,Yes,please do.(=Yes,please come round.),能够，请来吧。,29/168,当代高职高专英语教程 第,2,册,4,A smaller number of parents send messages,often painful,seeking guidance for their son or daughter.,(Para.2),send a message,意为“发送消息”。比如：,I have sent my mother a message to tell her I shall be home late.,我已经给母亲捎了个信儿，告诉她我晚点回家。,Send messages to your friends and family.,发条短信给你朋友和家人。,30/168,当代高职高专英语教程 第,2,册,often painful,是主语补语，说明主语当初情况；,seeking guidance for their son or daughter,是现在分词作伴随情况，意为“为儿女寻求指导”。现在分词和过去分词都能够作伴随情况，说明主语状态，现在分词表示主动状态，过去分词表示被动状态。比如：,She went out of the room crying.,她哭着走出了房间。,He sat on the ground,both terrified and worried.,他坐在地上，既恐惧又担心。,31/168,当代高职高专英语教程 第,2,册,5,My basic advice is simple and heartfelt:Get the best education you can.,(Para.3),you can,是个省略形式，等于,you can get,。类似使用方法详见本课第,3,条注释。,32/168,当代高职高专英语教程 第,2,册,6,Take advantage of high school and college.,(Para.3),take advantage of,是固定短语，意为“利用”。比如：,The basketball player took advantage of the,defenders mistake to score a goal.,这位篮球运动员利用了对方防卫判断失误进球得分。,Many schools dont take full advantage of the Internet.,很多学校没有充分利用互联网。,33/168,当代高职高专英语教程 第,2,册,7,Learn how to learn.,(Para.3),how to learn,是副词引导动词不定式，其使用方法见本课第,2,条注释。,34/168,当代高职高专英语教程 第,2,册,8,Its true that I dropped out of college to start Microsoft,but I was at Harvard for three years before dropping outand Id love to have the time to go back.,(Para.4),it,是形式主语，代替后面,that,引导主语从句。类似例子还有：,It is clear that these facts are very important.,很清楚，这些事实是很主要。,It is very obvious that children begin to acquire language at an early age.,很显著，孩子很早就开始接收语言。,35/168,当代高职高专英语教程 第,2,册,9,As Ive said before,nobody should drop out of college unless they believe they face the opportunity of a lifetime.And even then they should reconsider.,(Para.4),此句是个复合句，,as,引导比较状语从句，,nobody should drop out of college,是主句，,unless,引导是否定条件状语从句，其中,believe,之后还有一个省略了连接词,that,宾语从句,they face the opportunity of a lifetime,。前缀,re-,表示“再、又、重新”意思。比如：,reconnect,（重连，再连），,reconstruct,（重建），,redefine,（重新定义），,redesign,（重新设计），,rediscovery,（再次发觉）。,36/168,当代高职高专英语教程 第,2,册,10,The computer industry has lots of people who didnt finish college,but Im not aware of any success stories that began with somebody dropping out of high school.,(Para.5),aware,是形容词，表示“知道，明白，意识到”等意思，后接,of,短语或,that,引导宾语从句。比如：,I was not aware of the danger.,我没有意识到危险。,Im aware that Jenny has come.,我知道詹妮已经来了。,37/168,当代高职高专英语教程 第,2,册,11,I actually dont know any high school dropouts,let alone any successful ones.,(Para.5),let alone,是个固定词组，意为“更不用说”。比如：,He hasnt enough money for food,let alone amusements.,他连吃饭钱都不够，就更不用说娱乐费用了。,I cant remember the title of the book,let alone the details of the story.,我连书名字都记不起来，更不用说详细故事情节了。,38/168,当代高职高专英语教程 第,2,册,12,Quite a few of our people didnt finish college,but we discourage dropping out.,(Para.7),quite a few,是个固定词组，后接可数名词复数，意为“相当多”。比如：,There are quite a few desks and chairs in the classroom.,教室里有相当多桌椅。,Quite a few people will take part in the competition.,相当多人要去参加竞赛。,39/168,当代高职高专英语教程 第,2,册,13,College isnt the only place where information exists.,(Para.8),information,是不可数名词，后面不能加,s,，假如说“一则消息”，应该用,a piece of information,来表示。比如：,The researchers have got a lot of statistical information.,研究人员已经取得了大量统计资料。,She sent me a very interesting piece of information.,她给我发了一则非常有趣消息。,40/168,当代高职高专英语教程 第,2,册,14,It usually takes more than just a book.(,Para.8),take,意为“需要”。比如：,It took ten men to break the door.,用了十个人才拆下那扇门。,It takes a lot of courage to do a thin
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