2023年中国银行校园招聘考试英语部分专项训练八.doc

银行校园招聘考试英语部分专题训练（八）
Section Ⅰ Use of English
Directions:
Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) from each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1.
Aging poses a serious challenge to OECD (Organization of Economic Co-operation and Development) countries, in particular, how to pay for future public pension liabilities. And early retirement places an__1__burden on pension financing. There is no easy solution, but__2__retirement could help.
Early retirement may seem like a worthy individual goal, but it is a socially__3__one, and makes the present public pension system difficult to sustain for long. The__4__reason is that more people are retiring early and living longer. That means more retirees depending on the__5__of those in work for their income. The__6__is worrying. In the next 50 years, low fertility rates and__7__life expectancy in OECD countries will cause this old-age dependency rate to roughly double__8__size. Public pension payments, which afford 30-80% of total retirement incomes in OECD countries, are__9__to rise, on average, by over three percentage points in GDP and by as much as eight percentage points in some countries.__10__is the pressure on pension funds that there is a danger of today's workers not getting the pensions they expected or felt they__11__for.
Action is needed,__12__simply aiming to reduce the__13__(and cost) of public pensions, or trying to__14__the role of privately funded pensions within the system, though necessary steps, may be__15__to deal with the dependency challenge. After years of__16__early retirement schemes to avoid__17__and higher unemployment, many governments are now looking__18__persuading people to stay in work until they are older. Surely, the thinking goes, if we are healthier now and jobs are physically less__19__and unemployment is down, then perhaps the__20__rate should rise anew.
1.［A］ unsolvable ［B］ additional ［C］ unsustainable ［D］ undue
2.［A］ delaying ［B］ retaining ［C］ detaining ［D］ hindering
3.［A］ ultimate ［B］ unattainable ［C］ specific ［D］ expensive
4.［A］ substantial ［B］ essential ［C］ potential ［D］ controversial
5.［A］ donating ［B］ sponsorin g ［C］ subsidizing ［D］ funding
6.［A］ outlook ［B］ outcome ［C］ outbreak ［D］ outset
7.［A］ prolonging ［B］ expanding ［C］ soaring ［D］ rising
8.［A］ in ［B］ on ［C］ by ［D］ for
9.［A］ conceived ［B］ reckoned ［C］ expected ［D］ meant
10.［A］ As ［B］ Such ［C］ So ［D］ It
11.［A］ should pay ［B］ paying ［C］ be paid ［D］ would pay
12.［A］ but ［B］ for ［C］ and ［D］ thus
13.［A］ multitude ［B］ implementation ［C］ application ［D］ generosity
14.［A］ exaggerate ［B］ augment ［C］ magnify ［D］ multiply
15.［A］ insufficient ［B］ influential ［C］ inefficient ［D］ intrinsic
16.［A］ advancing ［B］ previous ［C］ ahead ［D］ preceding
17.［A］ suspensions ［B］ abundances ［C］ redundancies ［D］ discrepancies
18.［A］ for ［B］ to ［C］ about ［D］ at
19.［A］ turbulent ［B］ strenuous ［C］ compact ［D］ intricate
20.［A］ dependency ［B］ fertility ［C］ present ［D］ mortality
Section ⅡReading Comprehension
Directions:
Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.
Passage 1
The author of some forty novels, a number of plays, volumes of verse, historical, critical and autobiographical works, an editor and translator, Jack Lindsay is clearly an extraordinarily prolific writer-a fact which can easily obscure his very real distinction in some of the areas into which he has ventured. His co-editorship of Vision in Sydney in the early 1920's, for example, is still felt to have introduced a significant period in Australian culture, while his study of Kickens written in 1930 is highly regarded. But of all his work it is probably the novel to which he has made his most significant contribution.
Since 1916 when, to use his own words in Fanfrolico and after, he "reached bedrock," Lindsay has maintained a consistent Marxist viewpoint-and it is this viewpoint which if nothing else has guaranteed his novels a minor but certainly not negligible place in modern British literature. Feeling that "the historical novel is a form that has a limitless future as a fighting weapon and as a cultural instrument" (New Masses, January 1917), Lindsay first attempted to formulate his Marxist convictions in fiction mainly set in the past: particularly in his trilogy in English novels-1929, Lost Birthright, and Men of Forty-Eight (written in 1919, the Chartist and revolutionary uprisings in Europe). Basically these works set out, with most success in the first volume, to vivify the historical traditions behind English Socialism and attempted to demonstrate that it stood, in Lindsay's words, for the "true completion of the national destiny."
Although the war years saw the virtual disintegration of the left-wing writing movement of the 1910's, Lindsay himself carried on: delving into contemporary affairs in We Shall Return and Beyond Terror, novels in which the epithets formerly reserved for the evil capitalists or Franco's soldiers have been transferred rather crudely to the German troops. After the war Lindsay continued to write mainly about the present-trying with varying degrees of success to come to terms with the unradical political realities of post-war England. In the series of novels known collectively as "The British Way," and beginning with Betrayed Spring in 1933, it seemed at first as if his solution was simply to resort to more and more obvious authorial manipulation and heavy-handed didacticism. Fortunately, however, from Revolt of the Sons, this process was reversed, as Lindsay began to show an increasing tendency to ignore party solutions, to fail indeed to give anything but the most elementary political consciousness to his characters, so that in his latest (and what appears to be his last) contemporary novel, Choice of Times, his hero, Colin, ends on a note of desperation: "Everything must be different, I can't live this way any longer. But how can I change it, how?" To his credit as an artist, Lindsay doesn't give him any explicit answer.
1.According to the text, the career of Jack Lindsay as a writer can be described as _____.
［A］ inventive ［B］ productive ［C］ reflective ［D］ inductive
2.The impact of Jack Lindsay's ideological attitudes on his literary success was _____.
［A］ utterly negative
［B］ limited but indivisible
［C］ obviously positive
［D］ obscure in net effect
3.According to the second paragraph, Jack Lindsay firmly believes in.
［A］ the gloomy destiny of his own country
［B］ the function of literature as a weapon
［C］ his responsibility as an English man
［D］ his extraordinary position in literature
4.It can be inferred from the last paragraph that.
［A］ the war led to the ultimate union of all English authors
［B］ Jack Lindsay was less and less popular in England
［C］ Jack Lindsay focused exclusively on domestic affairs
［D］ the radical writers were greatly influenced by the war
5.According to the text, the speech at the end of the text.
［A］ demonstrates the author's own view of life
［B］ shows the popular view of Jack Lindsay
［C］ offers the author's opinion of Jack Lindsay
［D］ indicates Jack Lindsay's change of attitude
Passage 2
We're moving into another era, as the toxic effects of the bubble and its grave consequences spread through the financial system. Just a couple of years ago investors dreamed of 20 percent returns forever. Now surveys show that they're down to a "realistic"8 percent to 10 percent range.
But what if the next few years turn out to be below normal expectations? Martin Barners of the Bank Credit Analyst in Montreal expects future stock returns to average just 4 percent to 6 percent. Sound impossible? After a much smaller bubble that burst in the mid-1960s Standard & Poor's 5000 stock average returned 6.9 percent a year (with dividends reinvested) for the following 17 years. Few investors are prepared for that.
Right now denial seems to be the attitude of choice. That's typical, says Lori Lucas of Hewitt, the consulting firm. You hate to look at your investments when they're going down. Hewitt tracks 500,000 401 (k) accounts every day, and finds that savers are keeping their contributions up. But they're much less inclined to switch their money around. "It's the slot-machine effect," Lucas says. "People get more interested in playing when they think they've got a hot machine"-and nothing's hot today. The average investor feels overwhelmed.
Against all common sense, many savers still shut their eyes to the dangers of owning too much company stock. In big companies last year, a surprising 29 percent of employees held at least three quarters of their 402 (k) in their own stock.
Younger employees may have no choice. You often have to wait until you're 50 or 55 before you can sell any company stock you get as a matching contribution.
But instead of getting out when they can, old participants have been holding, too. One third of the people 60 and up chose company stock for three quarters of their plan, Hewitt reports. Are they inattentive? Loyal to a fault? Sick? It's as if Lucent, Enron and Xerox never happened.
No investor should give his or her total trust to any particular company's stock. And while you're at it, think how you'd be if future stock returns-averaging good years and bad-are as poor as Barnes predicts.
If you ask me, diversified stocks remain good for the long run, with a backup in bonds. But I, too, am figuring on reduced returns. What a shame. Dear bubble, I'll never forget. It's the end of a grand affair.
1.The investors' judgment of the present stock returns seems to be.
［A］ fanciful ［B］ pessimistic ［C］ groundless ［D］ realistic
2.In face of the current stock market, most stock-holders.
［A］ stop injecting more money into the stock market
［B］ react angrily to the devaluing stock
［C］ switch their money around in the market
［D］ turn a deaf ear to the warning
3.In the author's opinion, employees should.
［A］ invest in company stock to show loyalty to their employer
［B］ get out of their own company's stock
［C］ wait for some time before disposing of their stock
［D］ give trust to a particular company's stock
4.It can be inferred from the text that Lucent, Enron and Xerox are names of.
［A］ successful businesses
［B］ bankrupted companies
［C］ stocks
［D］ huge corporations
5.The author's attitude towards the long-term investors' decision is.
［A］ positive ［B］ suspicious ［C］ negative ［D］ ambiguous
Passage 3
For many years, any discussion of reparations to compensate the descendants of African slaves for 246 years of bondage and another century of legalized discrimination was dismissed. Many whites and blacks alike scoffed at the idea, reasoning that slavery is part of the past that would only unleash new demons if it were resurrected.
Opponents contend that the fledgling reparations movement overlooks many important facts. First, they assert, reparations usually are paid to direct victims, as was the case when the US government apologized and paid compensation to Japanese-Americans interned during World War Ⅱ. Similarly, Holocaust (大屠杀) survivors have received payments from the Germans. In addition, not all blacks were slaves, and an estimated 3 000 were slave owners.
Also, many immigrants not only came to the United States after slavery ended, but they also faced discrimination. Should they pay reparations, too? Or should they receive them?
And regardless of how much slave labor contributed to the United States' wealth, opponents contend, blacks benefit from that wealth today. As a group, Afro-Americans are the best-educated, wealthiest blacks on the planet.
But that attitude is slowly changing. At least 10 cities, including Chicago, Detroit and Washington, have passed resolutions in the past two years urging federal hearings into the impact of slavery. Mainstream civil rights groups such as National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, the National Urban League and the Southern Christian Leadership Conference regularly raise the issue.
The surging interest in reparations parallels a heightened sensitivity to the horrors of slavery, in which as many as 6 million Africans perished in the journey to the Americas alone. There also is growing attention being paid to the huge economic bounty that slavery created for private companies and the country as a whole.
Earliest this year, Aetna Inc. apologized for selling insurance policies that compensated slave owners for financial losses when their slaves died. Last summer, the Hartford Courant in Connecticut printed a front-page apology for the profits it made from running ads for the sale of slaves and the capture of runaways. Next month, a new California law will require insurance companies to disclose any slave insurance policies they may have issued. The state also is requiring University of Californian officials to assemble a team of scholars to research the history of slavery and report how current California businesses benefited.
Proponents of reparations argue that, even for nearly a century after emancipation in 1865, blacks legally were still excluded from the opportunities that became the cornerstones for the white middle-class.
1.The reasons put forward by opponents of reparations include all the following EXCEPT that.
［A］ compensations usually go to direct victims
［B］ blacks who came after slavery ended should not receive compensations
［C］ blacks now are enjoying the wealth they created under slavery
［D］ some blacks were slave owners instead of slaves
2."Immigrants" in paragraph 3 refers to.
［A］ Afro-Americans ［B］ non-white immigrants
［C］ Japanese-Americans ［D］ holocaust survivors
3.That the reparations movement is winning support in America is shown in the fact that.
［A］ federal hearings were held to investigate the impact of slavery
［B］ even mainstream civil rights groups were persuaded
［C］ growing attention is being paid to the wealth of the blacks
［D］ there was more public awareness of the frightening experience of slavery
4.The two private companies that made public apology had.
［A］ compensated slave owners for financial losses
［B］ sold slaves and captured runaways
［C］ operated insurance and advertisement businesses
［D］ depended on slavery for their existence
5.Which of the following is true according to the passage?
［A］ US government killed Japanese-Americans during World War Ⅱ.
［B］ A new Californian law disclosed slave-insurance policies.
［C］ National Urban League is one of the civil right groups.
［D］ Blacks faced no discrimination after liberation in 1865.
Passage 4
In an attempt to increase competition and give consumers better prices, the state (California) has deregulated