新目标综合教程3unit2课后练习答案.pptx

1Noun to verb conversion2Verb+for Construction3Verb+on Construction4Translation of attributive clauses5Translation of culture-loadedexpressionsUseful expressions6LanguageinUseNountoverbconversion1)2)3)Examples4)Exercise Knowledge of noun to verb conversion Noun to verb conversion in the textLanguageinUseNountoverbconversionOnahotSeptemberafternoon,fourhundredstudentscrashedintoasmallclassroom,lookingforseatsonthelongrowsthatcurvedaroundlikegianthorseshoes.(Para.1)1)Noun to verb conversion in the textHeclippedonalavalieremicrophoneandclearedhisthroat.(Para.2)Asoftmurmurrippledacrosstheroomasstudentsturnedfromsidetosideandwhisperedexpressionsofdisbelief.(Para.4)to form a curveto fasten with a clipto spread like a rippleLanguageinUseNountoverbconversionYouwillnotbewhippedinthepublicsquareifyoudont.(Para.4)1)Noun to verb conversion in the textWehavetogetexcitedaboutprobingavastarrayofsubjectsanddisciplines.(Para.12)to beat with a whipto explore or examine with a probeLanguageinUseNountoverbconversion2)Knowledge of“noun to verb conversion”Nountoverbconversionisoneofthemostproductiveways,withthemeaning:1.“toactasorlikeN”2.“togiveN”3.“tosend/gobyN”4.“towithN”5.“toputin/onN”6.“tomake/changeintoN”7.“todepriveofN”LanguageinUseNountoverbconversion3)Examples（一）动物名词转化为有该动物习性特点的行为动作 to act likeapetoape:toimitate like an ape(模仿)dogtodog:tofollow or hunt like a dog(尾随，追踪)monkeytomonkey(with):tomimic,play mischievous tricks like a monkey(胡闹，瞎弄)LanguageinUseNountoverbconversion3)Examples（一）动物名词转化为有该动物习性特点的行为动作 to act likebulltobull:topush forcefully like a bull(用力推，挤);toscare sb.by using ones strength like a bull(吓唬，威胁)LanguageinUseNountoverbconversion3)Examples（二）人体部位和动植物组成部分的名词转化为具有其形象特点的行为动词to withfingertofinger:to feel or handle with fingers(触摸某物)shouldertoshoulder:tocarry sth.with the shoulders(扛、担、掮（某物）)elbowtoelbow:to push ones way with the elbows(用肘强行开路)LanguageinUseNountoverbconversion3)Examples（二）人体部位和动植物组成部分的名词转化为具有其形象特点的行为动词 to withpeeltopeel:toremove the peel from(削掉的皮)coretocore:totake cores out of(去的核)LanguageinUseNountoverbconversion（三）自然现象名词转化为表示以其性质为特征的动作动词to likeTheystormedthespeakerwithquestions.他们猛烈质问演讲者。storm:tospeak violently like a stormMisfortuneshaverainedheavilyupontheoldman.不幸总是无情地落在这位老人身上。rain:to fall like rain3)Examples LanguageinUseNountoverbconversion（三）自然现象名词转化为表示以其性质为特征的动作动词to likeHisrefusalicedourenthusiasm.他的拒绝冷却了我们的热情。ice:tofreeze like ice3)Examples LanguageinUseNountoverbconversion（四）工具名称的动词化to work/do with,to put into,to give sb.sth.3)Examples hammertohammer:tostrike with a hammer(用锤子敲)needletoneedle:topush ones way like a needle(摩肩接踵)helicoptertohelicopter:totravel by helicopter(坐直升飞机旅行)LanguageinUseNountoverbconversion（四）工具名称的动词化to work/do with,to put into,to give sb.sth.3)Examples telegramtotelegram:tosend sb.a telegram(打电报)clothetoclothe:togive clothes to sb.(给某人穿衣)cagetocage:toput into a cage(用笼装)cornertocorner:toput into a corner(使某人走投无路)LanguageinUseNountoverbconversion（五）社会人物to act as or like3)Examples tutortotutor:toact as or like a tutor to(当的教师、辅导)fathertofather:toact as or like the father of(当父亲，像父亲般对待)bosstoboss:toact as or like a boss to(当的老板、像老板般对待)coachtocoach:toact as or like a coach to(当的教练、如教练般对待)LanguageinUseNountoverbconversion4)Exercise Complete the following sentences with appropriate words.Make changes where necessary.LanguageinUseNountoverbconversion4)Exercise summer showcase crane father radio parrot blanket snowball1)Fromwindowsheadswere_foraviewoftheparade.2)Hedoesnthaveallideaofhisown.Hejust_whatotherpeoplesay.3)Thelawnowgenerallypresumesthatthehusbandisthelegalfatherifhiswifehasthechild,evenifhedidnt_it.craningparrotsfatherLanguageinUseNountoverbconversion4)Exercise summer showcase crane father radio parrot blanket snowball4)Heavysmog_thecity.5)Shefully_hertalentsintherealityshow.6)Themoreyoutrytoavoidaproblem,themoreheavilyit_andfinallyoverwhelmsyou.blanketsshowcasedsnowballsLanguageinUseNountoverbconversion4)Exercise summer showcase crane father radio parrot blanket snowball7)Intheairport,theanxiousmother_forhermissingchild.8)Thefamily_atapeacefulmountainousresort.radioedsummeredLanguageinUse1)“Verb+for”construction in the text 2)Knowledge of“for”after verbs 3)Exercise 6 Verb+forConstructionLanguageinUse1)Verb+for construction in the text On a hot September afternoon,four hundredstudentscrashedintoasmallclassroom,looking forseatsonthelongrowsthatcurvedaroundlikegianthorseshoes.(Para.1)If you do,”he concluded,“come back onWednesday,andprepare for therideofalifetime.(Para.7)Verb+forConstructionLanguageinUse2)Knowledge of“for after verbs for:(1)Whenexpressingpurpose,aim,intention,ordestination,“for”oftenfollowsverbsindicatingdesires,wishesordirections.look for seek for search for apply for plea forlong for thirst for strive for fight for grope for feel for vote for sail for depart fore.g.applyforapproval/scholarshipstriveforsuccess/qualitylifevoteforthecandidate/thereformVerb+forConstructionLanguageinUse2)Knowledge of“for after verbs for:(2)Whenexpressinginplaceof,insteadof,orrepresenting,“for”tendstofollowverbsindicatingsubstitute,equivalent,orcompensation.stand for act for compensate for exchange for trade for substitute fore.g.standforjustice/freedomcompensateforhighcosts/currencyrisktradeforfairness/profitsVerb+forConstructionLanguageinUse2)Knowledge of“for after verbs for:(3)Whenexpressingcauseorreason,“for”usuallyfollowsverbsindicatingattitudesormoods.weep for blame for denounce for thank for appreciate for criticize for apologize for applaud fore.g.blameforthedevastation/thedelayappreciateforgenerosity/mercyapplaudfortheperformance/hercourageVerb+forConstructionLanguageinUse3)Exercise 6 Complete each sentence with a“verb+for”construction in the box below.Make changes where necessary.Refer to a dictionary if needed.applaud for weep for strive for blame for compensate for substitute.for stand for grope forVerb+atConstructionLanguageinUse3)Exercise 6 1)Hehascomeacrossinhisresearchatrickyquestion,whichlefthim_ ananswerinthedarkness.2)Wecanacknowledgethatoppressionwillalwaysbewithus,andstill_ justice.groping forstrive forVerb+atConstructionapplaud for weep for strive for blame for compensate for substitute.for stand for grope forLanguageinUse3)Exercise 6 3)Thenewly-electedPresidentwonmediacomplimentsforhiscommitmenttosustainabledevelopment;forexample,hewas_ _ hissupportofclean,greenandrenewableenergy.applaudedforVerb+atConstructionapplaud for weep for strive for blame for compensate for substitute.for stand for grope forLanguageinUse3)Exercise 6 4)Gashasbecomesocheapthatitcanbe_ coalasanelectricity-generatingfuel.5)GreaterGDPgrowthalsowouldhardly_ themassivelossesinlivesandnationalwealth.substituted forVerb+atConstructionapplaud for weep for strive for blame for compensate for substitute.for stand for grope forcompensate forLanguageinUse3)Exercise 6 6)Ithasbeenbelievedthatcowboys_ asimplerwayoflifeandfreedomwithoutrestraint.stand forVerb+atConstructionapplaud for weep for strive for blame for compensate for substitute.for stand for grope forLanguageinUse3)Exercise 6 7)“Iwouldratherhavemypeoplelaughatmyeconomies(节俭)than_ myextravagance(奢侈),”saidOscarII,theSwedishking.weep forVerb+atConstructionapplaud for weep for strive for blame for compensate for substitute.for stand for grope forLanguageinUse3)Exercise 6 8)Nowthatthenewschoolfelldown,itwascrucialtomakeoutwhetherfaultydesignorpoorconstructionwasto_ thecollapse(坍塌),anditwasequallyvitaltorebuildanewqualityschoolassoonaspossible.blame forVerb+atConstructionapplaud for weep for strive for blame for compensate for substitute.for stand for grope forLanguageinUseVerb+onConstruction1)Verb+on construction in the text2)Knowledge of“on”after verbs3)Micro-lecture4)Exercise 7 LanguageinUseVerb+onConstruction1)Verb+on construction in the textHeclipped on alavalieremicrophoneandclearedhisthroat.(Para.2)Theybelievethatifyouwanttodowellinanincreasinglyspecializedworld,youmustconcentrate on asingleareaandbecomeanexpertinthatfield,forsakingallothersubjects.(Para.8)LanguageinUseVerb+onConstruction1)Verb+on construction in the textTheydismissasmeaninglessanythingabouthigherlearningthatdoesntcenter on trainingsomeonetodoataskthatwouldmakethemmoney.(Para.10)Togrow on theideasandcreationsofothers,wemustencounterthem,andtodoso,wemustexplorethegreatworksofthemindfoundinthearts,sciences,mathematics,philosophies,andhistoricalperspectives.(Para.12)LanguageinUseVerb+onConstructionon:(1)Whenexpressingaspectordirection,“on”oftenfollowsverbsindicatingdirectingthoughtsoractions.center on focus on concentrate on press on force on impose one.g.focusonsolutions/yourgoalpressalabelonatrunk;presswineandfoodonaguestimposedutiesontobaccoandwines;imposethewishonthekid2)Knowledge of on after verbsLanguageinUseVerb+onConstruction2)Knowledge of on after verbs(2)Whenexpressingbasis,dependence,reliance,orsubsistence,“on”oftenfollowsverbsindicatingplacingorrelying.base on pride oneself on depend on rely on count on hang on rest on insist on live on feed one.g.relyontheexperience/onesinstinctinsistontheoriginaldemand/self-relianceliveonplainfood/onesparentsLanguageinUseVerb+onConstruction(3)Whenexpressingconcerningorwithregardto,“on”oftenkeepscompanywithverbsindicatingexpressing.agree on decide on comment on elaborate on compliment on congratulate one.g.decideonthedateofdeparture/thecareerelaborateonthesignificance/thedetailscomplimentonthedesign/hisgoodbehavior2)Knowledge of on after verbsLanguageinUseVerb+onConstruction3)Micro-lecture Watch the following micro-lecture to learn more about“Verb+Preposition”construction.LanguageinUseVerb+onConstruction4)Exercise 7 Complete each sentence with a“verb+on”construction in the box below.Make changes where necessary.Refer to a dictionary if needed.LanguageinUseVerb+onConstruction4)Exercise 7 1)Occasionallyauctions(拍卖)containitemssointerestingthatcriticsinnewspapers_theirquality,notjustthepricestheymightfetch.2)Before_ asatisfactorytourroute,atravelerishighlyadvisedtoreadsomeelite(精华的)traveltipsaswellasvisitsomeofficialwebsitesofthedestination.deciding oncommentelaborateoncommentonrelyonconcentrateonimposeonactondecideonfeedononLanguageinUseVerb+onConstruction4)Exercise 7 3)Althoughhebrieflyadmittedtobeingunfaithfultohiswife,hedidnt_ hismarital(婚姻的)flaws.4)Numerousforceshavebeen_ physicians(内科医生)tomakethemchangetheirpracticebehaviors.imposed onelaborateoncommentonrelyonconcentrateonimposeonactondecideonfeedonelaborate onLanguageinUseVerb+onConstruction4)Exercise 7 5)Environmentalistshavelongsaidtheworldshould_ preventingclimatechange,notadaptingtoit.6)Acompanyssuccessislikelytobeaffectedbyhowmuchthecompany_ thefeedbackithasgathered.elaborateoncommentonrelyonconcentrateonimposeonactondecideonfeedonconcentrate onacts onLanguageinUseVerb+onConstruction4)Exercise 7 7)Economistssaythattheeconomicweaknessandthestockmarketswildswingshavebegunto_themselves.8)Shewasaccountableto(对负责)nooneandwasnolonger_ byanyone.elaborateoncommentonrelyonconcentrateonimposeonactondecideonfeedonfeed onrelied onLanguageinUseAttributive clauses can state reasons,results,additional information,etc.In such cases,they are often translated as independent sentences in Chinese.Attributiveclauses1)Examples2)Exercise 8LanguageinUse1)Examples:Compare the two versions of translation.AttributiveclausesThisnovel,whichIhavereadthreetimes,isverytouching.a.这本我已经读过三遍的小说很动人。b.这本小说很动人，我已经读了三遍。Towardevening,westoppedataninn,wherewepassedthenight.a.傍晚，我们停在一家我们在那里过了夜的旅店。b.傍晚，我们停留在一家酒店，在那里过了夜。LanguageinUse1)Examples:AttributiveclausesWerelivinginaremarkabletime,whenitwillsoonbeimpossibletobetrulyalone.a.我们生活在一个真正的独处很快将难以企及的非凡的年代b.我们生活在一个非凡的年代，在这个年代里，真正的独处很快将难以企及。Compare the two versions of translation.LanguageinUse1)Examples:AttributiveclausesItishewhoreceivedtheletterthatannouncedthedeathofyourgrandfather.a.是他接到了那封说你祖父已经去世的信。b.是他接到了那封信，说你的祖父已经去世。Compare the two versions of translation.LanguageinUse2)Exercise 8Translate the following sentences into Chinese.Pay attention to the translation of the underlined attributive clauses.AttributiveclausesLanguageinUse2)Exercise 81)Withinafewminutes,hehadunfurledabriefhistoryofliberaleducation,andtoldthemthat“liberal”camefromtheLatinfor“free”,anditwasthekindofschoolingthatfreechildren(asoppositetoslaves)receivedintheancientworld.(Para.6)接下来的几分钟里，他简要介绍了通识教育的发展历史，告诉学生们“通识”一词来自拉丁语，意为“自由”，这种学校教育在古代只有自由的小孩（而非奴隶）才能享受。AttributiveclausesLanguageinUse2)Exercise 82)Inthemodernversion,studentsexploredahostofdisciplinesfromthesciencestothehumanities,takingadeepapproachtoimportantissuesthatthosedisciplinescouldhelpthemaddress.(Para.6)现代的通识教育让学生接触许多理工和人文学科，这些学科知识有助于深入探求人生重大问题的答案。AttributiveclausesLanguageinUse2)Exercise 83)Theydismissasmeaninglessanythingabouthigherlearningthatdoesntcenterontrainingsomeonetodoataskthatwouldmakethemmoney.(Para.10)他们认为，高等教育如果不以培训学生做事挣钱为核心，就是毫无意义的。AttributiveclausesLanguageinUse2)Exercise 84)Ifwearetounderstandwhatoursubjectsdidthatenabledthemtofashionsuchhighlyproductiveandcreativelives,wemustappreciatewhytheyvaluedabroadeducationbeforespecializinginoneortwofields.(Para.11)AttributiveclausesLanguageinUse2)Exercise 8如果想弄清我们的调查对象究竟做了什么成就了极富成效与创造力的人生，我们就必须理解为什么他们如此重视在选定专业领域之前所接受的通识教育。AttributiveclausesLanguageinUse2)Exercise 85)Theyunderstoodeducationasadevelopmentalprocessinwhichtheysoughttogrowthepoweroftheirminds,andthattooinfluencedthekindoflearningtheyattempted.(Para.13)他们把教育理解为一种成长历程，在此过程中，他们致力于思维能力的提升，这样一种理解也影响到了他们所尝试的学习方向。AttributiveclausesLanguageinUseCulture-loadedexpressions1)Examples in the translation ofculture-loaded expressions2)Exercise 9LanguageinUse1)Examples in the translation of culture-loaded expressionsCulture-loadedwordsrefertothosewordsorphraseswhichconveyacertainkindofculturalconnotationsorassociationswhichmayormaynotbefoundinotherlanguagesorcultures.Fourmajormethodsoftranslationwouldbeillustratedherebymeansofexamples.Culture-loadedexpressions(1)literaltranslation(直译)(2)transliteration(音译)(3)correspondingtranslation(借译)(4)liberaltranslation(意译)LanguageinUse(1)Literal translation(直译直译)纸老虎东方之珠一国两制一带一路Culture-loadedexpressionspapertigertheorientalpearlonecountrywithtwosystemsonebeltandoneroadLanguageinUse(1)Literal translation(直译直译)Culture-loadedexpressionsTip:Sometimesadditionalremarkswouldbeaddedinordertomaketheliteraltranslationbetterunderstood.Forexample:吕新华表示，在反腐斗争中，发现一起查处一起，发现多少查处多少，没有不受查处的“铁帽子王铁帽子王”。Lyusaidthatinfightingcorruptionitsimportanttodealwithanyandallofit.Therewillbeno“iron-capprinces”thathaveimmunity,hesaid.LanguageinUse(2)Transliteration(音译音译)磕头功夫秀才牌楼琵琶Culture-loadedexpressionskowtowkungfuxiucaipailoupipaLanguageinUseCulture-loadedexpressionsTip:Itisverycommonfortransliterationtobeusedtogetherwithliteralorliberaltranslation,sometimesalsowithadditionalremarks.Forexample:巴蜀文化theBashucultureinSichuanProvince(2)Transliteration(音译音译)LanguageinUseCulture-loadedexpressions泼冷水隔墙有耳浑水摸鱼脚踏实地新官上任三把火(3)Corresponding translation(套译套译)pourcoldwateronThewallshaveears.fishintroubledwatersdown-to-earthAnewbroomsweepsclean.LanguageinUseCulture-loadedexpressions一五一十(4)Liberal translation(意译意