资源描述
英语(三年级上册)主要知识点归纳总结
一.26个英文字母正确认读和正确规范占格书写。
字母Gg和Jj 发音、Ii 和Rr发音易混同。
Bb和Dd 、 Pp 和Qq、 Ii 和Ll 外形轻易混同,尤其是它们小写。Cc 发音轻易读错。
能准确认读并书写五个元音字母:Aa , Ee , Ii , Oo ,Uu大小写。
二. Miss, Mr , Mrs 这三个词准确认读及听辨。
Mr(先生),指男性 Miss (小姐)、Mrs (夫人、太太)指女性
这要包括到“人称代词”选择及图片选择。
比如:选择题
( ) This is Mr Li. ______ is tall and thin.
A.he B. He C. She
因为Mr Li是男,所以,下文代词应该用he(他),又因为这个代词在句首,所以要大写首字母。所以,这道题应该选择B.
I用am, you用are
is连着he/she/it
不可数用is
(可数)单数is, 复数are
变疑问,be提前
必定回答不缩写
否定be后加not
三. be 动词在通常现在时中三种形式am, is ,are
1. I am Peter .I am a boy.
2. He / She is my friend. He /She is tall and thin.
My mother is beautiful.
This is my father.He is cool.
Sally is my sister. She is lovely.
3. You are a girl .You are beautiful .
Kitty and Alice are good friends.
4. My eyes are big. My hair is long.
5. Are you Kitty ? Yes, I am.
6. Are these your rulers ? Yes , they are ./ No ,they aren’t.
7. Is he Joe? Yes , he is .
8. Is this your pen ? Yes , it is.
四.人称代词(主格)准确使用。
1. 第一人称 I (我)
比如:I am tall and thin. I am nine.
2. 第二人称单复数一样,都是you ( 你,你们 )
比如:You are Kitty. ( 你是Kitty。)
You are my friends. ( 你们是我朋友。)
3. 第三人称单数he (他),she (她)it(它)
比如:This is my father.He is fat.
This is my sister. She is tall and thin.
Look at the cat. It is fat.
4. 第三人称复数 they (他们、她们、它们)
How much are they? ---- They are ten yuan .
These are my books. They are new. ( 它们是新。)
备注:“人称代词主格”在句中作主语,所以,称之为“主格”
五.人称代词(宾格)使用
1.第一人称 me ( 我)
This is me. Look at me.
This is a small pear. It’s for me .
My father and mother love me.
2. 第二人称you ( 你,你们)(见书本P40)
Here are two pears for you .
This is a big pear. It’s for you .
3. 第三人称单数it(它),复数them(他们、她们、它们)
Look at my rabbit . It’s beautiful. I love it.
--Count the chicks,please. How many chicks?--Nine chicks.
-- No, count them again.
备注:“人称代词宾格”通常出现在介词 、动词之后,在句中作宾语,所以,称之为“宾格”。
六.形容词性物主代词 。现在只学习了三个:“my ”( 我 )
“ your ”( 你,你们), “its ”(它)
形容词性物主代词后面须有一个名词。
1. This is my friend. 2. Mary is my sister Tina.
3.This is your book.
4. Are these your rulers?
5. Look at the cat. Its eyes are big. Its tail is long.
6. Here is a snowman. Look at its nose. It’s funny.
七. 名词考查
了解:英语中名词分为可数名词和不可数名词
可数名词有单数形式( 即原形)和复数形式。
可数名词复数形式改变分为:规则改变和不规则改变。
规则改变方法:(先记住以下三种方法,以后随学随补充)
① 在词尾直接加-s 。例: apple- apples ,boy- boys ,
② 以 s ,x , ch ,sh 结尾单词要加-es 。例: peach - peaches
③ 以 “辅音字母 + y” 结尾词,要先把y 变为i , 再加-es。
例:family - families
不规则改变(改变单词一些字母来组成其复数形式,必须紧记)
现在学过: mouse - mice
snowman -- snowmen
单复同形词:sheep, fish
八. 冠词考查
英语中冠词有:不定冠词 a , an 和 定冠词the .
a, an 与可数名词单数连用,表示“一个”或“一类”事物,
a用在“辅音音素开头单词”前面, 如:This is a book.
an 用在“元音音素开头单词”前面。如:Here is an apple for you.
the 表示特指,指说话人和听话人都知道事物。关于它使用方法以后随学随讲。
Close the door , please.
Look at the blackboard ,please. Look at the snow.
九. 代词it 使用方法
it意思是“它” ,不过 it在不一样语境中,其含义是不一样。
it能够指代 “上文提到单数名词或不可数名词”,也能够指“时间、距离、天气”等。
① I have a dog . It is cool .I love it .( 代指上文提到dog)
② Here is some milk. Drink it ,please.这里有牛奶,请喝吧。
(代指上文提到“牛奶milk”)
③ It is winter in Taiyuan. 太原现在是冬季。( 指季节)
④ In spring ,it is warm. 在春天,天气温暖。(指天气)
十.易混词 it’s 和 its
It’s = it is ( 它是...)
Its(它),是形容词性物主代词,它后面必须有名词出现
I have a rabbit. Its eyes are big . Its hair is white. It’s beautiful.
十一.数词考查
本册书包括到十个英语基数词(one ,two ,three , four , five ,six , seven ,eight ,nine ,ten),数词主要用于回答“How many ...? ” 提出问题。数词one 后面必须用“可数名词单数”,其余数词后面必须用“可数名词复数”
-- How many boys ?-- Three boys.
-- How many girls ? -- One girl.
十二.句型
(一)陈说句 ( 有必定句和否定句之分 )
必定陈说句:This is Kitty. She’s thin . I’m Peter, I’m short.
My hair is long. My ears are small.
Here are two pears for you.
This is my bed. These are my books.
否定陈说句:You’re not a sheep . 你不是羊。
It isn’t warm today. 今天不暖和。
(二)通常疑问句及其回答
1. -- Are you Mary? 必定回答:-- Yes , I am.
否定回答:-- No, I’m not.
2. Are these your books?
必定回答:-- Yes , they are .
否定回答:-- No, they aren’t . ( aren’t = are not )
3. --Is she Kitty? 必定回答:-- Yes , she is.
否定回答:-- No, she isn’t. ( isn’t = is not )
4. --Is he Peter? 必定回答:-- Yes , he is.
否定回答:-- No, he isn’t.
5. -- Is this your pen ?必定回答:-- Yes , it is.
否定回答:-- No, it isn’t.
(三)特殊疑问句及其回答
1.-- How are you ? 你好吗?
-- I’m fine/ happy /OK/ so- so.
2.-- Who is he ? 他是谁?
-- He’s my friend./father / brother.
3.-- Who is she? 她是谁?
-- She’s my friend./mother. /sister.
4.-- Who are you? 你是谁?
--I am Peter’s father. 我是彼得父亲。
5. -- How much is it ? -- Five yuan.
-- How much are they ? -- Ten yuan .please.
( “How much ”针对物品价钱提问。)
6. -- How many boys ?-- Three boys.
-- How many girls ? -- One girl.
( “How many ”后面必须接可数名词复数形式)
7. -- What is it ? 它是什么?
-- It is a rabbit. 它是兔子。
拓展:8:-- There are four seasons in a year . 一年有四季。
What are they?它们是什么?
-- They are spring ,summer , autumn and winter.
9. --- What’s your name? 你叫什么名字?
--- My name is Joe. / I’m Joe.我叫Joe.
10. -- How old are you? 你多大了?
-- I’m seven years old.我七岁。
11.-- How old is he / she? 他/她多大了?
-- He’s / She’s ten years old. 他/她10岁。
(四)祈使句
祈使句是表示“命令、要求、请求”等句子。
必定形式:动词原形开头,常和please连用,please能够在句首,也能够在句末。请看书本中祈使句 (Units 9--- 12 文本中都有)
Close the door ,please. = Please close the door.
Open the window,please.= Please open the window.
Look at the blackboard.
Please clean the blackboard.
Count the chicks.
Let’s make a snowman.
否定祈使句以后会学习, 到时候再讲。
A: You’re beautiful.
B: Thank you.
十三. 口语交际
A: Hello, Peter.
B: Hello, Kitty.
A: Good morning.
B: Good morning
A: I’m sorry .
B: That’s OK .
A: Let’s make a snowman .
B: OK.
A: Your room is nice.
B: Thank you.
A: Open the door, please.
B: OK . / Yes , Miss Fang .
A: Four apples ,please.
B: Here you are.
A: You’re late,Kitty .
B: I’m sorry .
A: How are you ?
B: I’m fine .Thank you.
A: Here you are.
B: Thank you.
A: Here are two pears for you .
B: Thank you.
十四.记住所学“缩写词”
I’m = I am isn’t = is not
在句首时大写首字母 不在句首时无须大写首字母
You’re = You are you’re =you are
He’s = He is he’s = he is
She’s = She is she’s = she is
They’re = They are they’re = they are
It’s = It is it’s = it is
注意 :句首字母要大写、名字首字母要大写、专有名词首字母要大写。
要清楚书本上全部英语名字性别、家庭组员中每个称谓性别,这也是包括到人称代词he 和she 正确选择。
例以以下句子:
This is Ben . He is my brother.( Ben 是男名,所以下文用He来代替)
This is Sally. She is my sister.( Sally是女名,所以下文用 She来代替)
This is my brother. He is cool.( brother 这一称谓是男,所以下文用He来代替)因为在句首,所以都大写了首字母。
备注:红色字体词,都是经常设为空格,来让学生们选择或填写。
词汇归类
一. 名词:
1. 家庭组员 father, mother, brother , sister,grandfather,
2. 表示孩子性别词:boy 和girl
3. 身体部位:face,nose,mouth,eye,ear,hand手,head 头
foot脚,toe脚趾,arm 胳膊, leg腿等(Unit 6)
4. 文具:pen , pencil , ruler ,schoolbag , rubber(eraser) ,book
5. 家俱:bed , chair ,desk ,table
6. fruit水果:apple,pear,banana , orange
7. animals 动物 : mouse , cat , dog , rabbit,
fish , sheep,wolf , pig
8. seasons 季节:spring ,summer , autumn , winter
9.其它名词:friend, family,Mr , Mrs ,Miss , number
fruit shop , room , classroom , fruit ,animal,season
二.形容词:
tall,short, fat, thin,big,small, long , beautiful , fine,nice,good, cold,cool,hot,warm, clean , late ,funny
三.人称代词:1.主格 I , you ,he , she , it , they
2.宾格:me, you ,them
四.形容词性物主代词:my , your , its
五.指示代词: this 这,这个(单数), these 这些( 复数)
六.特殊疑问词:how,who, what , how many , how much
七.be 动词:am , is ,are ( 常翻译为“是”)
八.动词:thank,look,open,close,clean
九.副词: not , yes , no
十 . 介词: in,at , for
十一. 词组:
1. look at 看,看一看 2. come in 进来
3. put on 穿上 4. make a snowman 堆雪人
5.in my room 在我房间 6. in the classroom . 在教室
7. in spring 在春 8. at the fruit shop 在水果店
十二.反义词:
tall--- short long --- short thin--- fat small ---big
yes -- no hot ---cold cool --- warm
展开阅读全文