七年级英语拓展课(姚盛平).doc

七年级英语拓展课教案
姚盛平
Course：Animal World
Length：Seven Periods
Period One: Giant panda

Teaching objectives:
1、 To let the students know more information about the giant panda
2、 To arouse the students’ love for giant pandas
Teaching procedures:
Ⅰ.Before you read the passage, please think about the following questions
1. What colours are the giant pandas?
2. Which country is the most famous for the giant panda?
3. What food do you know the giant panda lives on?
4. Are there a lot of giant pandas in the world?

Ⅱ.Read the whole passage carefully
The giant panda has a black-and-white coat. Adults measure around 1.2 to 1.8 m long. Males can weigh up to 160 kg. Females can weigh as little as 75 kg, but can also weigh up to 125 kg. Average adult weight is 100 to 115 kg.
The giant panda has black and white fur. The giant panda's coat protects it from danger in the snowy and rocky habitat. The coat keeps it warm in the cool forests of its habitat.
The giant panda's diet is mainly herbivorous, The giant panda has lived in bamboo forests for millions of years. The average giant panda eats as much as 9 to 14 kg of bamboo shoots a day. Because of this large diet, the giant panda can defecate(排便) up to 40 times a day. Because its diet is low in nutrition(营养), it is necessary for it to eat a lot. So the giant panda doesn’t have enough time for social activities.
In 2006, scientists reported that the number of pandas living in the wild may have been less than 3,000. The government has taken actions to protect them. Although they are still in danger, the efforts are thought to be working. In 2006, there were 40 panda reserves(保护区) in China while twenty years ago there were only 13.

Ⅲ. Read and answer
1. Paragraph 1 mainly tells us the giant panda’s ______________.
2. Paragraph 2 mainly tells us the giant panda’s fur’s ______________.
3. Guess the meaning of the word habitat:________________.
4. Please find the topic sentence in paragraph 3: ____________________________
5. Guess the meaning of the word herbivorous : ____________
A.食草的 B.食肉的 C. 杂食的
6. Please find the topic sentence in paragraph 4: ___________________________

Ⅳ. Read again and decide whether the following statements are true or false
1. ( ) Usually female pandas are heavier than males.
2. ( ) The place where the giant pandas live is warm and dry all the year.
3. ( ) The giant pandas have lived on the earth for a long time.
4. ( ) The giant pandas can have a lot of time to play with each other every day.
5. ( ) The giant pandas defecate a lot of times in a day.
6. ( ) Now there are more reserves than before.

Period Two: Penguin

Teaching objectives:
1. To let the students know more information about penguins
2. To arouse the students’ love for penguins
Teaching procedures:
Ⅰ.Before you read the passage, please think about the following questions
1. What colours are penguins?
2. Where do you know the penguins live?
3. Are penguins animals, birds or fish?
4. Are penguins herbivorous?
Ⅱ.Read the whole passage carefully
Most penguins live in Antarctica. Penguins have dark and white plumage which can help them swim in the water. Their wings have become flippers. Most penguins feed on krill, fish, squid and other forms of sea life caught while swimming underwater. They spend about half of their lives on land and half in the oceans.
Although all penguins live on the south Hemisphere(半球), they are not found only in cold weather, such as Antarctica. In fact, only a few kinds of penguins live so far south. Several species are found in the warm place, and the Galápagos penguin(加拉帕戈斯企鹅) lives near the equator.
The largest living species(族群) is the emperor penguin: adults are about 1.1 m tall and weigh 35 kg or more. The smallest penguin species is the little blue penguin, also known as the fairy penguin, which stands around 40 cm tall and weighs 1 kg. Larger penguins live in colder regions, while smaller penguins are generally found in warm or even hot climates.

Ⅲ. Read and answer
1. What can help penguins swim in the water?
____________________________
2. How do penguins live on?
____________________________
3. Guess the meaning of the word Antarctica:________________.
A南极洲 B 北冰洋
4. Please find the topic sentence in paragraph 3: ____________________________
5. Guess the meaning of the word equator : ____________
A.南极圈 B.南回归线 C. 赤道
6. Does the emperor penguin live in warm or cold climates?
____________________________

Ⅳ. Read again and decide whether the following statements are true or false
1. ( ) All of the penguins live on the Antarctica.
2. ( ) Penguins can walk or run on the land.
3. ( ) The giant pandas have lived on the earth for a long time.
4. ( ) Penguins don’t live on the north of the Earth.
5. ( ) The fairy penguin is the smallest.

Period Three: Giraffe

Teaching objectives:
1. To let the students know more information about giraffes
2. To arouse the students’ love for giraffes
Teaching procedures:
Ⅰ.Before you read the passage, please think about the following questions
1. What specialty do you know about giraffes?
2. What food do you know giraffes eat?
3. Do giraffes live in groups?
4. Where do you know giraffes live, in Asia, Africa or America?
Ⅱ.Read the whole passage carefully
The giraffe is the tallest living animal. Its species name refers to its camel-like appearance and the patches of color on its fur. You can find giraffes from north to south in Africa. Their food source is acacia（金合欢树） leaves which most other herbivores(食草动物) cannot reach. Giraffes’ danger mainly comes from lions, leopards and wild dogs. Usually adult giraffes do not live in groups.
The giraffe has an very long neck, which can be up to 2 m in length, This elongation(延长部分) largely takes place after birth, as giraffe mothers would have a difficult time giving birth to young with the same neck proportions(比例) as adults. The giraffe's head and neck are held up by large muscles
Giraffes usually live on grasslands and open woodlands. The Angolan giraffe can be found in desert environments. Giraffes prefer trees of acacia, which can give them enough calcium and protein(钙和蛋白质) to grow. They also feed on grass and fruit. A giraffe eats around 34 kg of food every day. Although herbivorous, the giraffe has been known to eat dried meat from bones.

Ⅲ. Read and answer
1. How does the giraffe get its species name?
____________________________
2. What plant is giraffes’ food?
____________________________
3. Does a baby giraffe have a long neck?
____________________________
4. Why do giraffes like acacia best?
____________________________

Ⅳ. Read again and decide whether the following statements are true or false
1. ( ) Giraffes are taller than any other animals in the world.
2. ( ) Acacia trees are very tall.
3. ( ) Giraffes can live peacefully with dogs and cat.
4. ( ) Mother giraffe has a difficult time giving birth to the young because of its long neck.
5. ( ) Giraffes are herbivorous.

Period Four: Elephant

Teaching objectives:
1. To let the students know more information about elephants
2. To arouse the students’ love for elephants
Teaching procedures:
Ⅰ.Before you read the passage, please think about the following questions
1. What specialty do you know about giraffes?
2. What food do you know giraffes eat?
3. Do giraffes live in groups?
4. Where do you know giraffes live, in Asia, Africa or America?
Ⅱ.Read the whole passage carefully
Elephants are the largest animals on the land. We can see the African elephant and the Asian elephant in the world. Elephants live throughout sub-Saharan Africa, South Asia, and Southeast Asia. Male African elephants can reach a height of 4 m and weigh 7,000 kg. All elephants are famous for its long trunk which can be used for breathing, lifting water and grasping objects. Their tusks can serve as weapons and as tools for moving objects and digging. Elephants' large ear flaps help to control their body temperature. Their pillar-like legs can carry their great weight. African elephants have larger ears and concave(凹陷的) backs while Asian elephants have smaller ears and convex(凸起的) or level backs.
Elephants are herbivorous and can be found in different habitats including forests and deserts. They prefer to stay near water. Predators such as lions, tigers and wild dogs usually target only the young elephants. Females tend to live in family groups, which can consist of one female with her babies or several related females with offspring. Males leave their family groups when they grow up and may live alone or with other males.
Elephant ears have thick bases with thin tips. The ear flaps contain numerous blood vessels called capillaries(毛细血管). Warm blood flows into the capillaries, helping to release body heat into the environment. This occurs when the ear flaps are still, and the animal can enhance(加强) the effect by flapping them. Larger ear surfaces contain more capillaries, and more heat can be released. Of all the elephants, African bush elephants live in the hottest climates, and have the largest ear flaps.
Ⅲ. Read and answer
1. What are the two kinds of elephants?
____________________________
2. What’s the difference?
____________________________
3. What’s the use of trunk?
____________________________
4. How does the elephant use its tusk?
____________________________
5. What are the predators to elephants?
____________________________
6. How do elephant ears control its temperature?
____________________________

Ⅳ. Read again and decide whether the following statements are true or false
1. ( ) Elephants are the heaviest animal in the world.
2. ( ) Elephants’ tusk can be used to fight with each other.
3. ( ) Elephants feed on plants.
4. ( )Male elephants like to live in groups.
5. ( )Asian elephants have smaller ears because it is cooler in Asia than Africa.

Period Five: Kangaroo

Teaching objectives:
1. To let the students know more information about kangaroos
2. To arouse the students’ love for kangaroos
Teaching procedures:
Ⅰ.Before you read the passage, please think about the following questions
1. What specialty do you know about kangaroos?
2. What country is the most famous for kangaroos?
3. Do you think kangaroos feed on plants or meat?

Ⅱ.Read the whole passage carefully
The kangaroo is a marsupial in Australia. Kangaroos have large, powerful hind legs, large feet for leaping, a long strong tail for balance, and a small head. Like most marsupials, female kangaroos have a pouch for babies to stay in.
The kangaroo is an unofficial symbol of Australia and appears as an emblem on the Australian coat of arms and on some of its currency and is used by some of Australia's well known organizations, including Qantas and the Royal Australian Air Force. The kangaroo is important to both Australian culture and the national image.
Kangaroos have chambered stomachs similar to those of cows and sheep. Different species of kangaroos have different diets, although all are strict herbivores. The eastern grey kangaroo is predominantly a grazer, eating a wide variety of grasses, Many species are nocturnal, usually spending the days resting in shade, and the cool evenings, nights and mornings moving about and feeding.
Because of its grazing, kangaroos have developed specialized teeth. Its incisors are able to crop grass close to the ground, and its molars chop and grind the grass. Since the two sides of the lower jaw are not joined together, the lower incisors are farther apart, giving the kangaroo a wider bite.
Ⅲ. Read and answer
1. Are cats marsupial?
____________________________
2. Where does the kangaroo live?
____________________________
3. Is the kangaroo an official symbol of Australia?
____________________________
4. Are kangaroos herbivorous?
____________________________

Ⅳ. Read again and decide whether the following statements are true or false
1. ( ) Only kangaroos are marsupial.
2. ( )Perhaps we can find the image of kangaroos on the coins or notes in Australia.
3. ( )Cats are another kind of nocturnal animal.

Period Six: Lion
Teaching objectives:
1. To let the students know more information about lions
2. To arouse the students’ love for lions
Teaching procedures:
Ⅰ.Before you read the passage, please think about the following questions
1. Which is a male lion?
2. Where do lions live?
3. Do lions live in groups?

Ⅱ.Read the whole passage carefully
The lion is one of the four big cats. With some males growing to 250 kg in weight, it is the second-largest living cat after the tiger. Highly distinctive, the male lion is easily recognized by its mane, and its face is one of the most widely recognized animal symbols in human culture. Wild lions currently exist in sub-Saharan Africa and in Asia while other types of lions have disappeared from North Africa and Southwest Asia in historic times. The lion is a vulnerable species, having seen a major population decline in its African range of 30–50% per two decades during the second half of the 20th century. Lion populations are untenable outside designated reserves and national parks. Although the cause of the decline is not fully understood, habitat loss and conflicts with humans are currently the greatest causes of concern. Within Africa, the West African lion population is particularly endangered.
Lions live for 10–14 years in the wild. In the wild, males seldom live longer than 10 years. They typically inhabit savanna and grassland, although they may take to bush and forest. Lions are unusually social compared to other cats. A group of lions consists of related females and offspring and a small number of adult males. Groups of female lions typically hunt together. Lions are keystone predators. While lions do not typically hunt humans, some have been known to do so. Sleeping mainly during the day, lions are primarily nocturnal.
Ⅲ. Read and answer
1. Which is larger, a tiger or a lion?
____________________________
2. How can we differ a male and female lion?
____________________________
3. Can we find lions in Australia in nature now?
____________________________
4. How long can lions live in nature?
____________________________
5. Do lions live in groups or alone?
____________________________

Ⅳ. Read again and decide whether the following statements are true or false
1. ( )Lions are the largest cat in the world.
2. ( )We can find lions in the wild in Asia now.
3. ( )The number of lions is getting smaller these years.
4. ( )If you meet a lion in nature, you must be careful with it.
5. ( ) Lions usually search for food at night or in the morning.