重庆理工大学学位英语.docx

完形填空
Shopping habits in the United States have changed greatly in the last quarter of the 20th century.
1.Early in the 1900s most American towns and cities had a Main Street. Main Street was always in the heart of a town. This street was 2.lined on both sides with many 3.various. businesses. Here, shoppers walked into stores to look at all sorts of merchandise: clothing, furniture, hardware, and groceries. 4.In addition, some shops offered 5.services. These shops included drugstores, restaurants, shoe repair stores, and barber or hairdressing shops.
6.But in the 1950s, a change began to 7.take place .Too many automobiles had crowded into Main Street 8.while too few parking places were 9.available to shoppers. Because the streets were crowded, merchants began to look with interest at the open spaces 10.outside the city limits. Open space is what their car driving customers needed. And open space is what they got 11.when the first shopping center was built. Shopping centers, or rather malls, 12.started as a collection of small new stores 13.away from crowded city centers. 14.Attracted by hundreds of free parking places, customers were drawn away from 15.downtown areas to outlying malls. And the growing 16.popularity of shopping centers led 17.in turn to the building of bigger and better stocked stores.
18.By the late 1970s, many shopping malls had almost developed into small cities themselves. In addition to providing the 19.convenience of one-step shopping, malls were transformed into landscaped parks, 20.with benches, fountains, and outdoor entertainment.

阅读
1. It was not yet eleven o’clock when a boat crossed the river with a single passenger who had obtained his transportation at that unusual hour by promising an extra fare. 
2. While the youth stood on the landing-place searching in his pockets for money, the ferryman lifted a lantern, by the aid of which, together with the newly risen moon, he took a very accurate survey of the stranger’s figure. He was a young man of barely eighteen years, evidently country bred（长大的）, and now, as it seemed, on his first visit to town. He was wearing a rough gray coat, which was in good shape, but which had seen many winters before this one. The garments under his coat were well constructed of leather, and fitted tightly to a pair of muscular legs; his stockings of blue yarn must have been the work of a mother or sister, and on his head was a three-cornered hat, which in its better days had sheltered the grayer head of the lad’s father. In his left hand was a walking stick, and his equipment was completed by a leather bag not so abundantly stocked as to inconvenience the strong shoulders on which it hung. Brown, curly hair, well-shaped-features, bright, cheerful eyes were nature’s gifts, and worth all that art could have done for his adornment(装饰).
The youth, whose name was Robin, paid the boatman, and then walked forward into the town with a light step, as if he had not already traveled more than thirty miles that day. As he walked, he surveyed his surroundings as eagerly as if he were entering London or Madrid, instead of the little metropolis（都市）of a New England colony.
小题1:What time of the year was it in this story?
A．Winter.
B．Fall.
C．Summer.
D．Spring.
小题2:The boatman was willing to take Robin across the river because ________.
A．he was going to row across the river anyway
B．he saw that Robin was young and rich
C．he would give extra money
D．he felt sorry for him because Robin looked poor
小题3:The stockings that Robin wore were obviously _________.
A．well worn
B．very expensive
C．handmade
D．much too big
小题4:From the text we can learn that Robin had traveled __________.
A．from London
B．from Madrid
C．from a nearby city
D．over thirty miles
小题5:At what time of day did Robin cross the river?
A．Night.
B．Late afternoon
C．Midday.
D．Morning.
 它还没有十一点时船过河与一个单一的旅客在承诺一个额外的票价，不寻常的时刻获得了他的运输。
    而青年站在着陆地点在口袋里的钱搜索，摆渡人举起灯笼，通过它的援助，加上初升的月亮，他娶了一个陌生人的图非常精确的测量。他是一个仅十八岁的年轻人，明显的乡村（长大的），而现在，它似乎，在他第一次访问镇。他穿着粗糙的灰色的大衣，这是在良好的形状，但它看到了许多在这一个冬天。在他的外套服装构造良好的皮革，和紧密配合的一对腿部肌肉；他的蓝色的纱袜一定是母亲或姐妹的工作，并在他头上是一三个三角帽，它的好日子了庇护的小伙子的父亲花白的头。他的左手握着一根手杖，和他的设备是完成一个皮包不大有不便扛在肩上挂着。布朗，卷曲的头发，以及形特点，明亮，欢快的眼睛是大自然的恩赐，值得所有的艺术可以为他做装饰（装饰）。
    青年，名叫罗宾，支付船夫，然后走进镇与轻步，好像他不是已经穿越了三十多英里的那一天。当他走了，他对他周围的热切地如果他进入伦敦和马德里，而小城市（都市）的新英格兰殖民地。

2.
People have wondered for a long time how their personalities and behaviors are formed．It is not easy to explain why one person is intelligent and another is not, or why one is cooperative and another is competitive．
Social scientists are, of course, extremely interested in these types of questions．They want to explain why we possess certain characteristics and exhibit certain behaviors．There are no clear answers yet, but two distinct schools of thought on the matter have developed．As one might expect, the two approaches are very different from one another, and there is a great deal of debate between proponents of each theory．The controversy is often referred to as  “nature and nurture”．
Those who support the “nature” side of the conflict believe that our personalities and behavior patterns are largely determined by biological and genetic factors．That our environment has little, if anything, to do with our abilities, characteristics, and behavior is central to this theory．Taken to an extreme, this theory maintains that our behavior is predetermined to such a degree that we are almost completely governed by our instincts（本能）．
Proponents of the “nurture” theory, or, as they are often called, behaviorists, claimed that our environment is more important than our biologically based instincts in determining how we will act．A behaviorist, B．F．Skinner, sees humans as beings whose behavior is almost completely shaped by their surroundings．The behaviorists’ view of the human being is quite mechanistic; they maintain that, like machines, humans’ respond to environmental stimuli（刺激） as the basis of their behavior．
Socially and politically, the consequences of these two theories are far-reaching．In the US, for example, blacks often score below whites on standardized intelligence tests．This leads some “anature” proponents to conclude that blacks are genetically lower in status than whites．Behaviorists, on the contrary, say that the differences in scores are due to the fact that blacks are often robbed of many of the educational and other environmental advantages that whites enjoy, and that, as a result, they do not develop the same responses that whites do．
Either of these theories cannot yet fully explain human behavior．In fact, it is quite likely that the key to our behavior lies somewhere between these two extremes．That the controversy will continue for a long time is certain．
67．This passage is mainly concerned with              ．
       A．relation between personality and behavior
       B．relation between behavior and environment
       C．different accounts of patterns of human behavior
       D．different theories of the formation of human behavior
68．The underlined word " proponents'' in paragraph 2 means          ．
       A．creators             B．advisors            C．advocates       D．judges
69．In paragraph 5 , the author mainly writes about           ．
       A．the considerable influence of the two theories
       B．differences between the blacks and whites
       C．racial discrimination in the United States
       D．different responds to intelligence tests
70．What's the author's purpose in writing the passage?
       A．To call our attention to the changes of human behavior．
       B．To urge scientists to do more research in social science．
       C．To give us a detailed explanation of human behavior．
       D．To present an argument in the field of social science．
【答案】DCAD

3.What is your favorite color ? Do you like yellow orange, or red? If you do, you must be an active person who enjoys life. Do you like blue? Then you are probably quiet, shy, and would rather follow than lead.
Colors do influence our moods(情绪) yellow room makes most people feel more cheerful and more relaxed than a dark green one; and  a red dress brings warmth and cheer to the saddest winter day. On the other hand ,black is depressing(使人压抑的). There was a black bridge over the Thames River, near London .The number of people who killed themselves on that bridge used to be larger than on any other bridge in the area until it was repainted green.
Light and bright colors make people not only happier but also more active. In the factory the workers will better, harder and have fewer accidents when their machines are painted orange rather than black.
小题1:An active person may like_____
A．yellow, orange, or red
B．yellow, black. or red
C．orange, blue ,or black
D．black, red or orange
小题2:Most people feel more ___ in a yellow room than in a dark green one
A．tired
B．bored
C．worried
D．relaxed
小题3:More people killed themselves on the black  bridge than on any other bridge probably because___
A．the bridge was very tall
B．the bridge was too crowded
C．people didn’t kike the bridge
D．The color of the bridge was depressing
小题4:In the factory when the machines are painted orange ,the workers will work___
A．worse
B．harder
C．more slowly
D．more angrily
小题5:Which could be the best title for the passage?
A．Cheerful Colors
B．Your Favorite Color
C．The Secret of Color
D．the Color of a Bridge
试题分析：这篇短文中作者告诉了我们一些关于颜色我们可能不知道的事情。颜色可以影响我们的心情，在文章中，作者给出了很多例子来说明，各种颜色是怎样影响我们的心情的。
小题1:细节理解题。根据短文第一段中Do you like yellow orange, or red? If you do, you must be an active person who enjoys life可知，如果你喜欢黄色、橙色或红色，那么你一定是一个积极的人。由此可知选A。
小题2:细节理解题。根据短文第二段的开头Colors do influence our moods(情绪) yellow room makes most people feel more cheerful and more relaxed than a dark green one可知，颜色能影响人的情绪。黄色的房间比深绿色的房间更能使人愉快。故选D。
小题3:细节理解题。根据短文第二段中On the other hand ,black is depressing(使人压抑的). There was a black bridge over the Thames River, near London .The number of people who killed themselves on that bridge used to be larger than on any other bridge可知，黑色使人压抑，在泰晤士河畔有一座黑色的桥，在这座桥上自杀的人要比在其他桥上的更多。由此可知选D。
小题4:细节理解题。根据短文最后一段中In the factory the workers will better, harder and have fewer accidents when their machines are painted orange rather than black.可知，如果工厂里的机器是橘色，那么工人们会工作得更好、更卖力，出现的事故也更少。由此可知选B。
小题5:主旨大意题。这篇短文中作者告诉了我们一些关于颜色的事情，颜色可以影响我们的心情，在文章中，作者给出了很多例子来说明，各种颜色是怎样影响我们的心情的。故选C，颜色的秘密。A选项意为：使人高兴的颜色，这个题目太片面，因为文中也提到了使人压抑的颜色；B选项意为：你最喜欢的颜色，这个题目不符合文意；D选项意为：桥的颜色，这个题目也是太片面了。

What is your favorite color? Do you like yellow, orange or red? If you do, you must be an optimist, a leader, and an active person who enjoys life, people and excitement. Do you prefer gray and blue? Then you are probably quiet, shy and you would rather follow than lead. If you love green, you are strong-minded and determined. You wish to succeed and want other people to see you are successful. At least this is what a psychologist tells us, and we are also told that we don’t choose our favorite color as we grow up. If you happen to love brown, you did so as soon as you opened your eyes, or at least as soon as you could see clearly.
A yellow room makes us feel more cheerful and more comfortable than a dark green one, and a red dress brings warmth and cheer to the saddest winter day. On the other hand, black is depressing(沮丧). Light and bright colors make people not only happier but also more active. It is a fact that factory workers work better, harder, and have fewer accidents when their machines are painted orange rather than black or dark gray.
Remember, then, that if you feel low, you can always brighten your day or your life with a new shirt or a few colorful thing. Remember also that you will know your friends and your enemies better when you find out what colors they like and dislike. And don’t forget that anyone can guess a lot about your character when you choose handkerchiefs or a lampshade.
46. According to this passage, ___.
A. one can choose his color preference
B. one is born with his color preference
C. one’s color preference is changeable
D. one has to choose his favorite color as soon as he can see clearly
47. How many colors are mentioned in the passage?
A. 8. B. 9. C. 10. D. 11.
48. “I am feeling black” means ___.
A. I’m feeling well B. I am in high sprits
C. I am excited D. I am unhappy
49. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?
A. An active person who enjoys life probably like red, yellow and orange.
B. A person preferring gray and blue is probably quiet and shy.
C. Finding out what color he 1ikes and dislikes, you can know your friend better.
D. When we grow up, we choose which color we like best.
50. What can be the best title for this passage?
A. Color Preference and Its Effect? B. Different Colors in Our Life
C. Light and Bright Colors D. Favorite Colors Change Our Mind

What is your favorite color? Do you like yellow, orange, red? If you do, you must be an optimist(乐观者), a leader, an active person who enjoys life, people and excitement. Do you prefer grays and blues? Then you are probably quiet, shy and you would rather follow than lead. If you love green, you are strong-minded and determined. You wish to succeed and want other people to see you are successful. At least thisis what psychologists(心理学家)tell us, and they should know, because they have been seriously studying the meaning of color preference, and the effect that colors have on human beings. They tell us that we don't choose our favorite color as we grow up. If you happen to love brown, you did so as soon as you opened your eyes, or at least as soon as you could see clearly.
　　 A yellow room makes us feel more cheerful and more comfortable than a dark green one, and a reddress rings warmth and cheer to the saddest winter day. On the other hand, black is depressing. Light and bright colors make people not only happier but more active. It is a fact that factory workers work better, harder, and have fewer accidents when their machines are painted orange rather than black or dark gray.
　　 Remember, then, that if you feel low, you can always brighten your day or your life with a new shirt or a few colorful things. Remember also that you will know your friends and your enemies better when you find out what colors they like and dislike. And don't forget that anyone can guess a lot about your character when you choose a piece of handkerchief.
41. According to this passage, _________.
　 A. one can choose his color preference　　
　 B. one is born with his color preference
   C. one's color preference is changeable
　 D. one has to choose his favorite color as soon as he can see clearly
42. We would pay attention to colors because _______.
　 A. colors do have effect on our moods(情绪)
　 B. colors may have effect on our work and study
　 C. light and bright colors make people happy
   D. you can know your friends better by the colors they like or dislike
43. The main