冠词语言知识点及易错习题.doc

Unit 2 冠词（art）
冠词的种类：
1 、不定冠词： a,an
2 、定冠词： the
3 、零冠词： \

※ 不定冠词的用法：
1、a(an)用于单数可数名词前,an用于以元音音标开头的单词前。
如：a book;an apple
2、具有“一个…”的意思。如：I ate a banana. It is a cold day.
3.:泛指，说明名词的种类，是一个整体的符号。
如：A horse runs faster than a sheep. A banana is yellow.

★（1）用于有或没有形容词修饰的抽象名词前：
a good understanding of ; a population of ; a history
a collection of ; an area of ; a distance of, a length of
★ (2)用于形容词修饰的“一日三餐”前：
a light breakfast; a big dinner; a quick lunch…
★ (3)在有或没有形容词修饰的季节、日期前，泛指：
The accident happened on a Sunday in July.
It was a very cold April.
★ (4) 指不具体的任何物： A Mr. called you just now.
★（5）相当于per “每一” 的意思：
His income is one thousand yuan a month.
★ (6) 用于有good/great many修饰的名词复数前：
He visited the Great Wall a good many times.
★ (7)用于形式为复数，但意义仍为单数的名词前：
Reading is a means of learning.
★ (8)用于与动词同型的名词前：
Let’s have a walk and a talk at the same time.
★ (9) 在and连接的两个名词前，用一个a(n)和用两个意 义不同：
He went to see a teacher and (a) writer.
★ (10) 与 of 连用， 表示“同一的”、“相同的”：
of a kind 同一种; of an age 同岁 ；of a size 大小相同
◆注：使用单数可数名词一定要加：1、a/an/the或
2、this/that或
3、his等物主代词。
如： I drove a car. I drove the car.
I drove that car. I drove his car.
固定词组
a few, a little , a lot of, a bit, a couple of,
all of a sudden, as a matter of fact, in a hurry ,
in a word, have a good time, do sb. a favor,
pay a visit to, as a rule, as a whole, in a day or two,
in a way, have a word with sb., make a living,
take a bath, a great deal of,
have a cold (fever, headache), many a student ………

※ 定冠词the 的用法：
1、特指，具有“这”或“那”的意思。如：
The lunch was well cooked.
当说话人与听者都知道所说的具体东西时。
如：Thank you for the banana.
2、表示动物的种类。
The whale is the largest mammal on earth.
The tiger is in danger of dying out.
3、独一无二的事物：
天体、河流、海洋、湖泊、山川等与地理知识有关的名词前
如：the sun,the moon,the earth,
the universe
e.g. As we know, the earth moves around the sun.
The Pacific Ocean is the largest in the world.
The Urals separate Asia from Europe.
4、用于乐器名称前。
如：the piano,the violin， the guitar
She plays the piano/violin very well.
5、用于单数的发明物前。
如：Who invented the wheel?
…the telephone,the refrigerator,
the airplane
6、用于序数词&形容词最高级， only、same、 very前。
In the twentieth century
Tom is the tallest of those three.
This is the very thing I am looking for?
It must be the only way to save her.
在比较级中，强调两者之间的比较且作主语、定语时：
e.g. The older of the two brothers is my deskmate.
e.g. Which is the bigger country, Canada or China?
7、用于表示计算单位的名词前。
如：He was paid by the hour.
In England cloth is sold by the yard
instead of by the metre.
8. ※ 用于姓的复数前表示一家人，
如：the Browns
※表示某个国家的形容词前加the 表示该国人：
e.g. the Chinese; the French; the Irish; the Dutch
※某些形容词前加定冠词the 表示一类人：
e.g. the homeless; the young;
the poor; the blind; the old)
9 在多数的饭店、电影院、博物馆、美术馆等的名称前：
e.g. the Hilton Hotel; the Palace Museum; the Pentagon
10 在含有普通名词的专有名词前，机关、团体、党派、国家等：
e.g. the United Kingdom; the Philippines; the U.S.
11 在某些大家都熟悉的事物名称前：
e.g. The wind is blowing strongly.
They are talking about the weather.
I like to go to the seaside or go to the cinema.
12 在固定搭配的短语中：
e.g. in the end; come to the point; on the contrary;
in the morning; in the distance; on the air;
out of the question; in the middle of ; on the other hand;
※ 零冠词的用法。
1、用于复数可数名词前，表示类别。
如：Horses are useful animals.
There are pencils,pens and books on the desk.
2、用于三餐,球类运动、棋类游戏前。
如： What do you have for__ breakfast? play football, play chess, play bridge
3、用于物质名词或抽象名词前。如：
Can man live without air?
Our country is very rich in oil.
Does she like music?
George is a man of great strength.
4、表示头衔、职位的名词前。如：
Who is captain of your team?
John was elected chairman of the committee.
5、turn, go作系动词时，后面名词前不用冠词。
如：He was a medical student before he turned writer. He has gone socialist
6、地理名词前。
如：North America, Hunan Province Asia
7、专有名词＋普通名词前 如：
Beijing Airport, Buckingham Palace, Nanjing Road, Zhongshan Park
8、杂志、期刊前。
China Pictorial, China Daily, English Language Teaching
9 节日、星期、月份、日期和季节前一般不用冠词。如用，则表示特指：
e.g. Let’s go to the park on Sunday.
New Year’s Day; Father’s Day
10 在学科、语言、称呼及大部分疾病名称前：
I think math is more difficult than physics.
He died of cancer.
11 在as, though倒装分句中，名词不用冠词：
e.g. Child as Tom is, you can’t fool him.
12 在某些独立（主格）结构中的名词前：
e.g. He sat in a chair, pipe in mouth.
Book in hand, I entered the room.
13 当两个或两个以上名词并用时，常省略冠词：
e.g. The earth turns from (the) east to (the) west.
e.g. When () father and () son appeared, we all go up to greet them.
14 在一些含有两个并列名词的短语中：
e.g. day after day ; step by step; with knife and fork;
from head to foot; shoulder to shoulder; arm in arm
15 在by短语中表示方式时：
e.g. by bike=on a bike; by plane=? ; by car=? by telephone
固定短语
at night; at home; at first; go to church;
in prison; out of question; in danger;
on board; on purpose; in space;
in history; in nature; in society
初中英语易错冠词考题集锦
1. Since tasting the excitement of _____ big city life, she never wants to live in _____ country again.
    A. the, the        B. 不填，不填      C. the, 不填             D. 不填，the
2. The operation is _____ success and the patient is now out of _____ danger.
    A. a, the          B. a, 不填        C. 不填, the                D. 不填，不填
3. As _____ writer, he was _____ complete failure.
    A. a, a              B. a, the          C. 不填，不填            D. a, 不填
4. How strange! These years my birthday always falls _____.
    A. on the Sunday         B. on a Sunday      C. on Sunday          D. at a Sunday
5. This is _____ best kind of _____ pen you can get here.
    A. the, the         B. the, a           C. the, 不填            D. a, the
6. As is known to us all, _____ tiger is in _____ danger of becoming extinct.
    A. the, a           B. the, 不填         C. a, 不填              D. 不填, the
7. He spent too much time talking on ______ phone while we were all busy at _____ work.
    A. the, 不填        B. a, 不填          C. 不填, 不填          D. the, the
8. As _______ unemployment is very high at the moment, it’s very difficult for people to find _______ work.
    A. the, 不填        B.不填，不填        C. the, a             D. an, the
9. Apartments in cities can be quite high. Renters are paying up to $1,000 per month for _______ bedroom apartment.
    A. one a           B. the one         C. one                D. a one
10. The education of ______ young is always ______ hot and serious topic.
    A. 不填, 不填         B. the, a          C. 不填, the           D. the, 不填
11. I often have conversations with John over ______ telephone, while keep in touch with Tom by ______ letter.
    A. 不填；the         B. 不填；a         C. the；不填             D. the; a
12. —John has put forward _______ most challenging question for us to answer.
    —Yes, it really is. I have never heard _______ harder one.
    A. the; 不填          B. 不填; the          C. the; the           D. a; a
13. “What about ______ school?” “It is as good, as anybody can see, _____ school as No 1 Middle School Attached to Hunan Normal University.”
    A. a; the         B. the; a             C. a; a                D. the; the
14. The market for ______ used computers is getting larger and larger as______ years go on.
    A. 不填, 不填        B. the, 不填        C. the, the               D. 不填, the
15. “Charley Oakley, ______ NBA All-star, hasn’t missed ______ game in the past three years.” “I can hardly believe it.”
    A. an; the          B. a; the            C. the; a              D. an; a
16. In the market, vegetables are sold by _______ kilogram, I mean, by _______ weight.
    A. the; 不填        B.不填; 不填        C. the; the             D.不填；the
17. Many people agree that ______ knowledge of English is a must in _______ international trade today.
    A. the, an            B. a, 不填             C. the, the                  D. 不填, the
18. The cakes are delicious. I’d like to have _______ third one as _______ second one I ate was too small.
    A. the, the             B. a, the            C. the, a                D. a, a
19. ________ England of those years was _______ England in
    A. 不填, 不填         B. The, an         C. The, 不填             D. 不填, an
20. — Did you happen to see _______ black and _______ white cat?
    —Are they missing? I told you to take care of them.
A. a; 不填           B. the; 不填           C. the; the                D. a; the

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