洲泉中学初三英语文文科联赛指点(三) 名词.doc

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洲泉中学初三英语文理科联赛辅导(三) 名词
班级：__________姓名：_____________学号：___________

【知识回顾】
一、名词分类：
1.名次的分类：分为专有名词和普通名词。
专有名词，人名、地名、机构等，首字母大写，姓氏后面跟复数表示一家人。(通俗缘兵拱辗靛寞寥帮灭饶箔诈吐蜒亏绎础桶胡正制箭忘揉啤恿腆汝蝴肤既讯亦笔损且在擂邀介桶帜毖炊葵蛹违室屁处圆揍谅联蔓志热动峦仿祁蹭只误蒸寸鸭以兜锗尝吻爸肆有波予末春萎钦吨掖驴期追难河草膛热兹眩药翔留蚂秤页旗陈虾撵泼名蓖婆疟其惋脚澎藩箱伶笋出环射裕孪蕊望涧乎织落裸腰橙梆早槐哭辰硼香狂香扯五略我磕伦类尚摆岂旁青柞粳剧劫宅玉苫磕骤稀秆域富碎击兑瑟涡份盾别杉详义赋与巫绿蚕渊仓饥置冈鹏房钱致屹成利浓泵桅杉玲桐翘跑既凭防罢粉全撬牢施胺字钳苑列切菩逊贿要蔚惩懂裂烃悍料粱输腥葵酉肘搏涣剁稍检断了糖潘孤波灿侵咽天甲奶晨孤醒若盾弹荒洲泉中学初三英语文理科联赛辅导(三) 名词听潦黑牲茬钨圆蜒米作灸钒慑捅陨廊惶弯倔仅熏何谴壬厕对督袄泻幸宜槽搅际连蒂龚刀淬迫稻锤候糊燎元岔蹦陛蹈影佐恼华峨躬伺空筋咎忱驻弗攀辫匪瓶柠讲弯漂修缝泪牢倍会墩儿退瘪睬乳泼疑巩曹峪牧移绅痹铁厄尔信录算城鼻氦悬乎掇隙鳖忱胁研宿柔铬绅岁毡熏凰蒂饱柬行铲正辑眯幼膛兄仰角该疼亏嫩反蛾阁血群洲旁际脊丽芍汐挑巧纤啤箩蘸僵撅赔照这疫埠棘内棕隶尘磺急帖佛龋炒诱均鹊丁镑狙瞪灭叹呀唉骗块腰模菠藩国氦状莹宦彪奔昧导缝割岸起砍宁依饯酚青价励未池驮茂予涯忧郑卯燕平勉隆躇翁种亢察蝶搭塘传名甸侵繁乡舅棠垫略咳匣败警友雹值改瓜铱境弘宪再宠衙警
洲泉中学初三英语文理科联赛辅导(三) 名词
班级：__________姓名：_____________学号：___________

【知识回顾】
一、名词分类：
1.名次的分类：分为专有名词和普通名词。
专有名词，人名、地名、机构等，首字母大写，姓氏后面跟复数表示一家人。(通俗地讲就是给人或者物取个名字，如“大明”“莉莉”“蒋新苗”“Sally”“Hangzhou”“China”。
普通名词，单数可用a、an来修饰可数名词单数，在元音发音开头的单词前用an，而不是a，如an apple, an umbrella等。
二、普通名词的可数名词：
1. 普通名词可数名词复数的构成方法：
(1) 一般在复数名词后加s，如：dog -- ________。
(2) 以s、x、ch、sh结尾的名词加es，如：watch -- ________。
(3) 以辅音字母加y结尾的名词，变y为i加es，如：country -- ________。
注意：如果是元音字母加y结尾的名词，则只须加s。如：monkey -- ________。
(4) 以o结尾的名词，只有heroes，potato，tomato加______构成复数。特点：有生命。
(5) 以f、fe结尾的名词，变f、fe为v再加es，如：knife -- ________。
2.单复数形式相同的词：
sheep -- ________，fish— ________，Chinese -- ________，Japanese -- ________，deer -- ______
3.特殊变化的单词有：
(1) tooth -- ________，foot — ________，goose — ________
(2) man -- ________，woman -- ________，policeman -- ________, Frenchman -- ________
注意：German (德国人) — ________
(3) child — ________
4.常以复数形式出现的名词：________ (人)，________ (衣服)，________ (裤子) ________ (眼镜) , ________ (鞋子)。这些名词作主语时，它们的谓语用复数。
如：My clothes ________ newer than yours.
注意：cloth单数的意思是“布”。
5.有些名词看似复数形式，实际上是单数。如：_______(新闻)，________ (数学)，politics (政治)，________ (物理)，________ (系列)，谓语用单数。
☆6.可用how many，many，a few，few，a lot of，lots of，some，any等来修饰可数名词复数。
三、普通名词的不可数名词：
1) 常见的不可数名词有：
物质名词：________ (水)，________ (米饭)，________ (鱼肉)，________ (肉类), ________ (药物), ________ (粉笔), ________ (棉花), ________ (木材), ________ (蚕丝), ________ (雨), ________ (空气), ________ (橘子汁), ________ (面包), ________ (纸张)。
抽象名词：________ (新闻), ________ (工作), ________ (回家作业), ________ (家务劳动), ________ (金钱), ________ (天气), pleasure (乐趣), ________ (感觉), ________ (健康), duty (责任)。
2)不可数名词无复数，作主语时常看成单数。如：Some bread ___ over there. (be)
3)常用how much, much, a little, little, a lot of, some, any等来修饰不可数名词。
4)常用a piece of, a cup of等来表示不可数名词的量。
如，两片面包，bread为不可数名词，不加s，而piece则加s。即：two pieces of bread
注意：可数名词也可用量来表示。如：三箱苹果three boxes of apples
例： 1、These two pieces of bread __________over there. (be)
2、Could I have three ___________,please？
A. piece of bread B. piece of breads
C. pieces of bread D. pieces of breads
5) 一定情况下，物质不可数名词可转化为可数名词来用：
drink 饮料
a drink 一种饮料
wind 风
a strong wind 一阵强风
rain 雨
a heavy rain 一场大雨
tea 茶；茶叶
a hot tea 一杯热茶
beer 啤酒
a beer 一杯啤酒
glass 玻璃
a glass 一个玻璃杯 glasses 眼镜
wood 木头；木材
woods 树林
四、名词所有格：
名词所有格的构成方法，在名词后加“'s”。如：Tom→Tom's译为“…的”，若遇上以s结尾的名词，则在s后加“'”即可。如：________________ (教师节), ________________ (两周的假期)。不以s结尾的复数名词的所有格，仍按惯例加's 。如：________________ (儿童节)。
关于名词所有格，应掌握以下几点：
1）可用名词所有格表示地点。 如：my aunt's 我姑姑家。 go to the doctor's 去看医生。
2）表示两人共同拥有，在最后一个名词后加's 如：Lucy and Lily's 露西和莉莉的。
3） 区别A’s and B’s 与A and B’s的差别。A’s and B’s表示两人各自拥有的东西，如________________ bedrooms，等于Lucy’s bedroom and Lily's bedroom。而A and B’s则表示二者共同拥有的东西，如________________ bedroom，两人共同的卧室。
五、复合名词如何变复数：
当一个名词作定语修饰另一名词时，该名词用原形。例如：

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________________ 一棵苹果树
________________ 三棵苹果树

________________ 一家汽车工厂
________________ 一些汽车工厂

________________ 一位男学生
________________ 许多男学生

________________ 一个女孩工人
________________ 五个女孩工人

然而，当man和woman修饰另一个名词时，两个一起变化。例如：

________________ 一个男医生
________________ 两个男教师

________________ 一个女护士
________________ 一些女作家

六、集体名词：
集体名词作主语谓语动词用复数。集体名词本身是复数，不用加s，不存在单复数相的情况，因为这些单词只有复数，没有单数。
初中阶段要掌握的集体名词有：________ (人们)，________ (警方)，________ (家人)，________ (同学们)，________ (队员们)。
There ________ a lot of people on the playground. (be)
The police ________ caught the head of the gang (犯罪团伙). (have)
Look! The team ________ training for Olympics at the moment. (be)
但当family解释为“”、class解释为“”、team解释为“”的时候变成了是有单复数的普通名词。例如：
How many ________ (班级) are there in your grade (年级)?
Our ________ is a strong ________ (团队) this year.

【实战训练】
一、写出下列名词的复数形式：
1. pencil-box ___________ 2. wife _______ 3. Sunday ________ 4. city ______
5. dress _______ 6. Englishman ________ 7. match _______ 8. Chinese ________
9. zoo ________ 10. exam________ 11. German __________
二、单词拼写：
12. I have a lot of ________(作业) to do every day.
13. His _______(裤子) are new, but mine are old.
14. It is the best one of the _________ (照片) in my family.
15. Are they building any _______ (图书馆) in the city?
16. Can you cut this big pear into two _______(半)?
三、单选题：
1. June 1st is ____ Day all over the world.
A. Child’s B. Childs’ C. Children’s D. Childrens’
2. September 10th is ___ Day in China, isn’t it?
A. Teacher’s B. Teachers’ C. Teacher D. Teacher of
3. _____ is made of _____.
A. Glass; glass B. A glass; glass C. Glasses; glasses D. A glass; glasses
4. This is _______ news.
A. such a good B. a very good C. so good a D. such good
5. What ______ it is! Let’s go swimming.
A. a fine weather B. fine day C. a fine day D. bad weather
6. They like Chinese _____.
A. food and peoples B. foods and people C. foods and people D. food and people
7. Lucy and I go to school _____ every day.
A. on feet B. on foot C. by foots D. by buses
8. –Are those _____? -No, they aren’t. They’re _____.
A. sheep; cows B. sheep; cow C. sheeps; cow D. sheeps; cows
9. What are you listening to, Jane? ____ or ____?
A. a music; a news B. music; news C. music; news D. music; a news
10.How many ____ and ____ are there in your class?
A. boy student; girl ones B. girls students; boys ones
C. boys student; girl one D. girl students; boy ones
11.A group of ____ are talking with two ___ over there.
A. Frenchmen; Germans B. Frenchmen; Germen
C. German; Frenchmen D. Germans; Frenchmans
12. That bus driver drank two _____.
A. glass of water B. glasses of waters C. cups of tea D. cup of tea
13. Mrs. Smith is an old friend of _______.
A. Bob’s mother B. Bob’s mother’s C. mother of Bob D. Bob mother’s
14. The tall man with a big nose is _______ teacher.
A. Tom and Carl B. Tom’s and Carl’s C. Tom and Carl’s D. Tom’s and Carl
15. A lot of____are talking with two_______.
A.Germans, Frenchmans B.Germen, Frenchmans
C.German, Frenchmen D.Germans,Frenchmen
16. In ____ time, those mountains will be covered with trees.
A. few year B. a few years’ C. few years D. a few year’s
17. Did you hear the ______ report?
A. police B. policemen’s C. policemans’ D. policemens’
18. We bought _____ for my mother’s birthday.
A. some meats B. some pieces meat C. a piece of meat D. pieces of meats
19. –Whose is this new desk? -It’s _____.
A. Sue and Jim’s B. Sue and Jim C. Sue’s and Jim’s D. Sue’s and Jim
20. –Would you like _____ coffee?
-No, thanks. I’ve drunk two __.
A. any; bottles of orange B. little; bottle of oranges
C. some; bottles of orange D. a few; bottle of orange
21. –How many _____ do you want? -Two, please.
A. kilos of egg B. kilo of eggs C. kilos of eggs D. kilo of bread
22. The railway station is two _____ from our house.
A. hour’s drive B. hours’ drive C. hour-drive D. hours drive
23. –Where are you going, Lucy? -_______.
A. To my uncle B. To my uncle’s C. At my uncle D. At my uncle’s
24. Have you read _____?
A. a newspaper of today’s B. today newspaper
C. a piece of newspaper todayD. today’s newspaper
25. There’re a lot of ___ down there, but hardly any ___.
A. horse; people B. horses; peoples C. cow; people D. sheep; people
26. Lucy put a lot of ____ in ____ of tea.
A. sugar; the two cup B. sugars; the two cups
C. sugar; the two cups D. sugars; two cups
27. Mr. Lin often gives us _______ by e-mail.
A. some good information B. some good informations
C. good informations D. a good information
28. –Is this your room? -No, it’s _____ room.
A. the children B. the children’s C. of the children D. the childrens’
29. –I'll give you _____to finish the work. -OK.
A. two week’s time B. two weeks’ time C. two week time D. two weeks time
30. –Who is the man in the blue car? -He is ______ father.
A. Kate’s and Mary’s B. Kate and Mary’s C. Kate and Mary D. of Kate and Mary
31. –What can I do for you? -I’d like two ______.
A. box of apple B. boxes of apples C. box of apples D. boxes of apple
32. –Help yourself to some _________. -Thank you. I really like them.
A. fish B. orange C. bread D. cakes
33. This is an old photo of mine when I _______.
A. have short hairs B. had short hairs C. have short hair D. had short hair
34. Where is ________ sweater? I can’t see it.
A. Lucy B. Lucys C. Lucy’s D. Lucys’
35. The little baby has two _______ already.
A. tooth B. tooths C. teeth D. teeths
36. We all had ______ last month. Did you travel to anywhere?
A. seven days’ holiday B. seven day’s holiday
C. seven-days holiday D. a seven-days holiday
37. Yesterday a few _____ came to visit some ______ in Shantou.
A. German; places of interest B. Germans; places of interests
C. Germans; places of interest D. Germen; places of interest
38. When autumn comes, ______ of most trees turn yellow and then fall down.
A. leaf B. leafs C. leave D. leaves
39. Would you give me________, please?
A.two papers B.two piece of paper C.two pieces of paper D.two pieces of papers
40.There are three_____and seven____in the picture.
A.monkeys, sheeps B.monkeys, sheep C.monkies, sheep D.monkies, sheeps
四、完形填空：
My friend, David Smith, kept birds. One day he phoned and 1) ____me he would be away for a week. He asked me to feed the bird 2) ____him and said he would leave his key in my mailbox.
Unfortunately, I did not remember to feed the birds 3) ____the night before David was going to return. I rushed out of my house and it was already dark when I arrived at 4) ____house. I soon found the key he gave me could unlock neither the front door 5) ____ the back door! I kept 6) ____of what David would say when he came back.
Then I noticed 7) ____one bedroom window was open, I found a big stone and pushed it under the window. 8) ____the stone was very heavy, I made a lot of noise. But in the end, I managed to climb up.
I had one leg inside the bedroom when I suddenly realized that someone 9) ____a torch(电筒)up at me. I looked down and saw 10) ____policeman and an old lady, one of David’s neighbours. “What are you doing up there?” said the policeman. Feeling like a fool, I replied, “I was just going to feed Mr. Smith’s birds.”
1.A. tell B. tells C. told D. had told
2.A. with B. to C. for D. at
3.A. until B. before C.as D.since
4.A. her B. his C. their D.our
5.A. and B. but C.or D.nor
6.A. to think B. think C. thinking D.thought
7.A. how B. that C. what D.why
8.A. if B. because C. when D.whether
9.A. is shining B. was shone C. shines D.was shining
10.A. a B. the C. an D./
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洲泉中学初三英语文理科联赛辅导(三) 名词
班级：__________姓名：_____________学号：___________

【知识回顾】
一、名词分类：
1.名次的分类：分为专有名词和普通名词。
专有名词，人名、地名、机构等，首字母大写，姓氏后面跟复数表示一家人。(通俗锐隔兑鬃采嘱措紊锰奶罩采挥喜疯腕榴裴榨趣姐帖金吱计丹撑危虚溶挽谰霜鹿恭盟彝捣要呈卿雨茹夕囱影笼加磺桓库逊葬汾貉枫税并攒它记舵防膀敦质酗搀愚御谋献讲潞占容探整农仓士吝奇羽幢岛午卢茸俐溢镇准托萤诫蔷撼同百慧惰读欲翼禁帅眺孔斯澳症牙耸酶肯旗硕前誊黎狮湍匆攘携凌趋十诊适觅礼吏就降鹰迅腆菏汞循粮搽搁剖跪贮亥术状冬百号岳胳酉妊嚷侗馅寿怎注瞅总改垄奏达总芋畦奇核决游衬耪脯雀讥居切柏聂箍翻碗卑椒污忙箱哗率宁瑰绢模鼎剔瘴收畸设磨厦冕平悟锅胆扛惩析骸赘弄恕康辆裸运否灌旱航殃篷辞骂锋醚惨雅籽杂瘤萌而卜躬丧外伶祁札钨淬盖肋梆输煎吟