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第十一讲 八年级(下)Units 5～6
重点词汇
1.alarm(n.)闹钟
2．suddenly(adv.)突然
3．match(n.)火柴
4．beat(v.)敲打；打败
5．against(prep.)倚；碰
6．rise(v.)升起；增加；提高
7．realize(n.)理解；领会；认识到
8．pupil(n.)学生
9．tower(n.)塔
10.shoot(v.)发射
11．weak(adj.)虚弱的；无力的
12．silly(adj.)愚蠢的；不明事理的
13．hide(v.)隐藏
14．smile(v.)笑；微笑
15．marry(v.)结婚
16．whole(adj.)全部的
17．cheat(v.)欺骗；蒙骗 (n.)骗子
18．brave(adj.)勇敢的；无畏的
词汇拓展
1.heavy→(副词)heavily
2．silence→沉默的silent
3．report→记者reporter
4.ice→冰冷的icy
5．true→truth→truthful
6．wife→(复数)wives
重点短语
1.(闹钟)发出响声go off
2．接电话pick up
3．进入梦乡fall asleep
4．逐渐变弱die down
5．看一看have a look
6．无声；沉默in silence
7．拆除take down
8.首先at first
9．提醒remind of
10．代替；反而instead of
11．从前once upon a time
12．爱上fall in love with
13．结婚get married
14．变成turn…into
重点句型
1.—Whatwere youdoing at eight last night？昨晚8点你在做什么？
—Iwas taking a shower.我正在洗澡。
2．While Lindawas sleeping，Jennywas helping Mary with her homework.当琳达在睡觉时，珍妮在帮助玛丽做作业。
3．I called again at eight and you didn'tanswer then_either．我8点钟又打电话，你那时也没接。
4．With no light outside，it felt like midnight.
外面没有光亮，感觉像是半夜。
5.It doesn'tseem very possible to move a mountain.移山似乎是不太可能的。
6．Yu Gongkept trying and didn't give up．
愚公一直尝试，没有放弃。
7．The newcouple were so happy that theycouldn't help laughing when they got married．这对新婚夫妇如此开心，以至于结婚时都止不住地笑。
8．Did you hear our stepmotherplanning to kill us？你听到继母正计划着杀死我们吗？
一、根据句意及首字母或汉语提示，填入恰当的单词。
1．—When did we arrive in Hangzhou？I forgot the date．
—July 22.
2．At last，I realized my sister was right.
3．He looked old and walked with a stick．
4．The mouse has a long tail．
5．Do you like Liu Qian's magic show?
6．Next door to us there's acouple(夫妇)from the USA.
7．This dress is made ofsilk(丝)．
8．The alarm(闹钟) you bought for me doesn't work.
9．It is reported(报道) that it's sunny tomorrow.
10．When you are at the top of the tower(塔)，you can see the whole city.
二、用所给单词的适当形式填空。
11．Don't let the little dogrun(run)out of the box.
12．He was_doing(do) his homework when the rainstorm came.
13．How did he getinjured(injure)?
14．When did you finishreading(read)the novel?
15．Do you have anyorganized(organize)activities after school?
一、So while you were sleeping，I called Jenny and she helped me.因此当你在睡觉的时候我给珍妮打了电话，她帮了我。
【考点精讲】
此处while作从属连词，意为“当……的时候，在……期间”，引导时间状语从句，其谓语动词必须为延续性动词。它强调主句的动作在从句动作的过程中发生，或者主句的动作与从句的动作同时发生，且持续时间一般较长。
【辨析】while与when
while
“当……的时候，在……期间”，其谓语必须为延续性动词，常用于过去进行时态中
While he was walking in the park，the accident happened.当他在公园里散步时，意外发生了。
when
“当……的时候”，其谓语可以是延续性动词，也可以是非延续性动词
The sun was rising when we got to the top of the mountain.当我们到达山顶时，太阳正在升起。
【拓展】while与when在过去进行时中位置的转换：
While John was playing the piano，Mary left the house.约翰在弹钢琴时，玛丽离开了家。
John was playing the piano when Mary left the house.当玛丽离开家时，约翰在弹钢琴。
Tom rushed into the house________his mother was cooking.(2014，青岛)
A．as B．before C．while D．after
【解析】C。as“当……的时候”，强调主句动作和从句动作同时发生，常译为“一边……一边……”；before“在……之前”；while“当……的时候，在……期间”，强调主句动作在从句动作的过程中发生，或主句动作和从句动作同时发生；after“在……之后”。句意：汤姆在他妈妈做饭的时候冲进屋子。故选C。
【即时演练】
Ⅰ.单项选择。
1．Amy was reading a book __A__ I came in.(2014，雅安)
A．when B．while C．because D．though
2.—Why didn't you answer my phone call，Jack?
—I'm sorry，but I __C__ then.(2014，日照)
A．drove B．drives
C．was driving D．have driven
3．Eddie was sleeping __B__ Millie was reading a magazine.(2013，宿迁)
A．until B．while C．before D．after
4．－I phoned you at 5：00 yesterday afternoon，but nobody answered me.
－Sorry.I__A__the flowers in the garden at that time.(2014，宿迁)
A．was watering B．am watering
C．water D．will water
5．Sally took a photo of her friends while they __D__ computer games.(2014，杭州)
A．play B．are playing
C．have played D．were playing
Ⅱ.用when或while填空。
6．While Margo was talking on the phone，her sister walked in.
7．When we visited the school，the children were playing games.
8．While Sarah was at the barber's，I was going to class.
9．When I saw Carlos，he was wearing a green shirt.
10．While Allen was cleaning his room，the phone rang.
二、This story reminds us that you can never know what's possible unless you try to make it happen.这个故事提醒我们，你永远不能知道什么是可能的，除非你试图让它发生。
【考点精讲】
(1)remind此处作及物动词，意为“提醒；使想起”，后跟名词或代词作宾语。remind sb.＋that从句/what从句，意为“提醒某人去做某事”或“使某人想起去做某事”。eg：
Would you please remind him that our meeting has been put off？请你提醒他我们的会议推迟了好吗？
This reminds me what we did together during our holidays.这使我想起了我们在假日里一起做的事。
【拓展】remind常与介词about或of连用，remind sb. of/about sth.意为“使某人想起某事；使想起……”。eg：
I want to remind you of the rules for school parties.关于学校晚会，有几个规定我想提醒你们。
昨晚的电视节目使我姐姐想起来两年前在山村执教的经历。(2013，济南)
The TV program last night________my sister of her________as a volunteer teacher in the mountain village two years ago.
【解析】reminded；experience。remind sb. of sth.意为“使某人想起某事”，由two years ago可知应用一般过去时。
【即时演练】
Ⅰ.单项选择。
1．—Look at the picture of us.
—Oh！It__B__me______the time we spent in the countryside.
A．causes；of B．reminds；of
C．causes；for D．reminds；for
2．—The song Where did the time go __B__ the old days and the love of family.
—Sure.It's my favorite song.(2014，十堰)
A．help us out B．reminds us of
C．lets us down D．regard us as
Ⅱ.根据汉语完成句子，每空词数不限。
3．我们正在猜想这首歌曲会让他想到什么。(2013，常州)
We are guessing what_the_song_will_make_him_remind_of．
4．这首歌让我想起了我的家乡。(2011，淄博)
This songreminds me of my hometown.
5．这首轻音乐使你想起了什么？(2011，烟台)
What does the soft musicremind you of?
三、The new couple were so happy that they couldn't stop smiling when they got married.这对新婚夫妇如此开心，以至于结婚时都止不住地笑。
【考点精讲】
(1)can't stop doing sth.意为“禁不住做某事”。eg：
The children couldn't stop opening the presents.
孩子们禁不住打开了礼物。
(2)get married意为“结婚”。get married to sb.意为“与某人结婚”。eg：
Have you got married？你结婚了吗？
He wants to get married to a teacher.他想和一位老师结婚。
【拓展】①marry sb.表示“嫁给某人/与某人结婚”。eg：
Mr.White is going to marry an actress.怀特先生将与一个女演员结婚。
②marry sb. to sb.表示“(父母把女儿)嫁给某人”或“(父母为儿子)娶媳妇”。eg：
She wants to marry her son to a rich woman.她想为儿子娶个有钱的女人。
【注意】marry和get married都是终止性动词，不能与表示一段时间的状语连用，如果表示结婚一段时间，应该用be married。eg：
They have been married for ten years.他们结婚10年了。
He________for two years.(2013，雅安)
A．has been married B．married
C．got married D．has married
【解析】A。由句意“他结婚两年了”可知应用现在完成时，可排除B、C两项；marry是非延续性动词，在现在完成时的肯定句中不能与表示一段时间的状语连用，可排除D，故选A。
【即时演练】
Ⅰ.单项选择。
1．Jimmy and Kathy__B__until last December.
A．got married B．didn't get married
C．would get married D．weren't getting married
2．Lily is going to__D__Jimmy next month.Now it seems that everything is ready.
A．marry for B．marry to
C．get married D．get married to
Ⅱ.按要求完成句子，每空一词。
3．Mr.Brown and his wife have been married for 20 year.(改为同义句)(2013，兰州)
Mr.Brown and his wifegot married 20 years ago.
4．他把女儿嫁给了一位工程师。(2012，白银)
Hemarried his daughterto an engineer.
5．Mary和Jack结婚多久了？
How longhave Mary and Jackbeen married?
四、【辨析】voice/sound/noise
【考点精讲】
◆voice侧重人的声音(说话、唱歌)，有时也指鸟鸣声。表示不同种类的声音时为可数名词。eg：
We could hear the children's voices in the garden.我们能听到花园里孩子们的声音。
◆noise指“不和谐、不悦耳”的噪声。eg：
Don't make so much noise.不要制造如此多的噪音。
◆sound作名词，指人们听到的各种“声音”的总称；还可以作连系动词，意思是“听起来”。eg：
That sounds interesting！那听起来很有趣。
Many people like Wang Fei's songs because she has a sweet v________．(2014，贵港)
【解析】voice。句意：很多人喜欢王菲的歌因为她有甜美的嗓音。表示人的嗓音用voice。
【即时演练】
Ⅰ.单项选择。
1．At the foot of Wulian Mountain，you can hear the__A__of running water.
A．sound B．noise C．voice D．sience
2．Oh，my god！The kids are making too much__C__here.I can't do anything.
A．sound B．voice C．noise D．footstep
Ⅱ.根据句意及汉语提示写出适当的单词。
3．Don't make anynoise(噪音)when you are in the library.(2013，宁波)
4．I could hear sweet voice(嗓音)from the next room.(2013，安徽)
5．At midnight he heard a strange sound(声音)．(2013，盐城)
五、【辨析】across/through/over
【考点精讲】
◆across的含义与on有关，表示动作在某物体的表面进行，有“横过”之意，“通过”的往往是river，street，road等。eg：The little girl ran across the road.这个小女孩跑过了马路。
◆through的含义与in有关，表示动作发生在立体空间，是从内部穿过，常和city，forest，hole等搭配。eg：The river runs through the city.
这条河从城市中流过。
◆over指“跳过，越过”，常指越过高的障碍物等。eg：The cat jumped over the wall and ran away.
那只猫跳墙跑了。
【注意】across是介词，而cross是动词，cross＝go across。
The old man is a good swimmer，and even now he often swims ________ Tuojiang River after supper.(2013，内江)
A．over B．through C．to D．across
【解析】D。考查介词区别。根据“穿越沱江”可知，是从河的一边到另一边，故选D。
【即时演练】
Ⅰ.单项选择。
1．—I left my keys in the room yesterday.I had to get in __B__ the window.
—It's dangerous to do that.
A．in B．through C．over D．across
2．Go __A__ the road，you will find the post office on your left.
A．across B．through C．over D．at
3．There is a stone bridge __C__ the rvier.
A．across B．through C．over D．along
★★写作专题——事理说明文★★
一、要点入门
事理说明文是用简洁明了的语言介绍事物、阐明事理，使人们获得某种知识的一种文体。写好这类说明文要注意：
1．认真审题，确切把握说明对象，并注意层次性。
2．灵活运用语言，避免对译，对提示中出现的汉语表达，要转换为英语思维，并进行调整或补充。
3．正确使用人称和时态。
二、典型例题
生活就像一面镜子，你冲它笑，它也笑着回敬你。请根据下列表格中所列的要点，以Learn to smile为题，写一篇80词左右的短文。
WingdingsJAp
学会对自己微笑
1.面对困难和烦恼时，要学会微笑；
2.会让你自信；
3.有益于身心健康。
WingdingsJAp
学会对他人微笑
1.便于与他人之间的交流；
2.给别人带来快乐，自己也快乐。
WingdingsJAp
微笑是一种语言
人人都能懂，传递爱心和友谊，缩短彼此之间的距离。
要求：
1．可适当发挥，使行文连贯；
2．短文开头已给出，不计入总词数。
参考词语：
smile at sb.对某人微笑
shorten the distance between…缩短……距离
【思路点拨】
承接短文的开头，接下来可分层次说明表格中所列的要点，即学会对自己微笑、学会对他人微笑、微笑是一种语言。
【满分范文】
Learn to smile
I_remember_a_song_by_Westlife.Its_first_words_are“Just_a_smile_and_the_rain_is_gone.”I_think_everyone_should_learn_to_smile.
First，learn to smile at yourself when something unpleasant happens in your life.Smiling makes you feel confident.And smiling can also keep you healthy in both body and mind.
Second，learn to smile at others.It helps you communicate better with people.Smiling at others brings you and others happiness as well.
In a word，smile is a kind of language belonging to everyone.It passes love and friendship and helps shorten the distance between each other.Living with a smile，every day will be shiny.
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