介词考点归纳及语法填空.doc

介词考点归纳
语法填空对介词的考查点是：1、常见介词的基本用法；2、与介词构成的一些习惯搭配。例如：I didn’t want to be laughed at for talking to him but I didn’t like leaving him 23 his own either.（2011，广东）
一、介词的分类
1．按结构分类
（1）简单介词
at

as

unlike

by

along

near

for

behind

over

from

beneath

off

in

besides

opposite

of

beyond

past

about

before

inside

on

below

outside

to

beside

into

with

but

onto

across

during

within

against

down

without

around

despite

upon

above

except

throughout

after

like

minus

（2）双重介词
from behind until after since before
（3）短语介词
according to

but for

next to

along with

due to

owing to

ahead of

except for

up to

apart from

instead of

on behalf of

as for/as to

in front of

on account of

together with

in place of

with regard to

because of

in search of

by means of

by means

in spite of

2．按意义分类
（1）表示地点、方位的介词: _____________________________________________________
① We’ll meet each other _____ the bus stop.
② Mr. White lived ______ Hong Kong for 20 years.
Shandong Province lies _______ the east of China.
③ The book you want is _____ the shelf.
Mongolia lies ______ the north of China.
Wuhan is located ______ the Yangtze River.
④ Shandong Province lies ______ the southeast of Hebei Province.
⑤ There is a bridge ______ the river.
She put her letter _______ the pillow.
The plane is flying ________ our heads.
（2）表示时间的介词: _______________________________________________________________
① ______ noon; _______ night; _______ midnight; ______ dawn; _______ daybreak; ______ dusk;
_____ sunrise; _______ sunset; ______ 6:35
② _____ the Qin Dynasty; _______ the 1980s; ______ October; _____ the evening
I’ll be back ______ an hour.
My father will be back ________ 5 o’clock.
My mother came back 3 days ______.
③ ______ National Day; ______ a rainy day; ______ Monday morning; ______ Thursday; _____ December 23rd;
_______ the afternoon of January 22nd; ______ the eve of victory
④ ______ the time he was five, he had learned 500 Chinese characters.
He had collected 3000 stamps ______ last month.
⑤ Mr. Brown has lived in the countryside ______ almost fifteen years after his retirement.
⑥ We have lessons _______ 6:30 to 22:30 every day.
⑦ Linda has been doing her homework ______ 7 o’clock.
（3）表示方式的介词: __________________________________________________
① She cut the apple into four equal parts ______ a knife.
We see ______ our eyes, hear _______ our ears, and walk ______ our legs.
② He made a living ______ fishing.
③ You must write your composition _____ black ink.
They can communicate with each other ______ English.
固定结构：“用……方法”：________ this/that/the same way
________ means of
________ this/that means
________ this/that method
（4）表示交通/旅行的方式: _______________________________________________
① ______ water; ______ land; _______ air; ______ rail; _______ sea; ______ taxi; ______ spaceship;
_____ plane; _______ train; ______ ship; _______ boat; _____ bike; ______ bus
② I came here ____ a taxi.
They left ______ a early train.
He usually goes to school ______ his own bike, but today he went to school ______ foot.
（5）表示“在……之间”的介词
This secret is only __________ you and me.
What’s the difference __________ the two words?
We visited a small village __________ mountains last month.
He divided his money __________ John, Helen and his nephew.
(注：当句中出现divide, share等词时，如果后面跟着几个单数名词，则用between；如果后面是复数名词，between和among都可以。)
（6）引导不定式短语的逻辑主语的介词: ___________________________
① It is kind _______ the teacher to help support the poor students.
= The teacher is kind to help support the poor students.
② It is quite important ______ us to protect our environment.
③ It was foolish _______ him to do such a thing.
（注：当形容词说明不定式逻辑主语的性质、特性时，用of，常见的形容词有：kind, good, nice, clever, stupid, foolish, considerate, polite, impolite, cruel等；当形容词说明不定式的性质、特性时，用for，常见的形容词有：important, necessary, possible, impossible, difficult, easy等。）
（7）表示“除……之外”的介词: _______________________________
① We all passed the exam _______ Tom.
He has always in high spirits _________ recently.
He has always been busy _______ when it is Sunday.
I asked nothing from him ____________ that he should write to me every other week.
② _________ English, he also knows French and German.
I don’t want to go; ________, I’m too tired.
③ The composition is good _______ for a few spelling mistakes.
Your coat is good _______ for its colour.
________ for this, everything is in good order. = Everything is in good order _______ this.
注：except意为not including(不包括……); besides意为in addition to“除……之外(还有……)”， besides还可以作副词，意为“而且”(in addition; also; moreover; furthermore).
except for后的宾语与句子主语所涉及的事物不属同类。
（8）表示比较范围的介词
① The Yellow River is the second longest river ________ China.
② ______ all the boys, Jack runs the fastest.
Tim seems to be the more diligent _______ the two brothers.
二、常见介词构成的短语
1. 由at构成的短语：
at table _________ at risk ____________ at a time ____________ at one time ___________
at times _________ at all time _________ at the same time __________ at present ________
at least _________ at most __________ at will __________ at all costs _______________
at the sight of __________ at the thought of ______________
2. 由by构成的短语：
by accident/chance/design _____________ by coincidence ______________
by mistake ___________ by e-mail ____________ by no means __________ by means of __________
2. 由from构成的短语：
from beginning to end _____________ from now on ___________ from time to tome _________
from head to foot _______________ from day to day __________ from bad to worse _________
3. 由in构成的短语：
in high/poor spirits ______________ in tears ____________ in fear ____________
in danger _____________ in trouble _____________ in peace ___________ in surprise __________
in good health _________ in silence _____________ in a sense __________ in a way ____________
in short ________ in general ___________ in case ___________ in public _________
in no time __________ in good condition ______________ in other words _____________
in the long run ________________ in order _____________ in return _______________
in one’s opinion ______________ in the course of ____________ in advance _______________
in the meantime ______________ in the end _____________
4. 由on构成的短语：
on board __________ on duty ___________ on watch ___________ on fire _________
on earth __________ on business _______ on sale ___________ on holiday/vocation_________
on trial __________ on show _________ on a visit _________ on purpose ____________
on average ________ on the contrary ________________ on the other hand _________________
on the pone _________ on the way _____________
5. 由of构成的短语：
of great help __________ of much value _____________ of great importance __________________
of no use ____________ of no hope ________________
6. 由to构成的短语：
(much) to one’s surprise/delight/regret/horror/sorrow/disappointment
=(much) to the surprise/delight/regret/horror/sorrow/disappointment of sb.

填介词的情况：1、空格后是名词或代词，且名词前面有冠词或代词修饰, 而该名词或代词在句中不作主语、表语，也不作动词的宾语时
2、固定短语搭配
实战演练
用适当的介词填空
1. Fred entered without knocking and, very out of breath, sank ______ a chair. (安徽)
2. If you really have to leave during the meeting, you’d better leave _____ the back door. (2008北京)
3. A great man shows his greatness ______ the way he treats little men. (福建)
4. You have no idea how she finished the relay race _____ her foot wounded so much. (福建)
5. I like Mr. Miner’s speech; it was clear and _____ the point. (辽宁)
6. Let’s learn to use the problem we are facing _____a stepping-stone to future success. (宁夏)
7. I began to feel ______ home in the new school when I saw some familiar faces. (山东)
8. Elizabeth has already achieved success ________ her wildest dreams. (陕西)
9. Everything was perfect for the picnic except ____ the weather. (浙江)
10.-When did you last hear _____ Jay?
-He phoned me this morning, and we agreed ____ a time and place to meet. (湖南)
11. This is a junior school. You should go to a senior school _____ girls of your age. (北京)
12. Although _______ my opinion, the old professor didn’t come up with his own. (福建)
13. Scientists are convinced ____ the positive effect of laughter ____ physical and mental health. (江西)
14. Experts have been warning _____ some time of the health risks caused by passive smoking. (江西)
15. The manager suggested an earlier date _____ the meeting. (全国)
16. Some people choose jobs for other reasons _______ money these days.(全国)
17. —How amazing it is that astronauts are exploring outer space! (2009福建卷)
—It’s a challenge, I guess, _____ man against nature.
18. Most Americans would prefer to keep their problems____ themselves, and solve their problems ____ themselves. (2009湖南卷)
19. A great person is always putting others’ interests _____ his own. (2009四川卷)
20. Everybody was touched______ words after they heard her moving story. (2009全国I)
21. The wine industry in the area has developed in a special way, _____ little foreign ownership. (2009北京卷)
22. It saves time in the kitchen to have things you use a lot ______ easy reach. (2009山东卷)
23. He invited me to a dance after the show ______ Christmas Eve. (2009陕西卷)
24. Try on this red skirt; you will look great______ it. (2009重庆卷)
25. Would you mind not picking the flowers in the garden? They are _____ everyone’s enjoyment. (2010北京卷)
26. I agree to his suggestion _____ the condition that he drops all charges. (2010辽宁卷)
27. My father warned me ______ going to the West Coast because it was crowded with tourists. (2010天津卷)
28. The dictionary is what I want, but I don’t have enough money______ me. (2010重庆卷)
29. Tired, Jim was fast asleep with his back ________ a big tree. (2010四川卷)
30. Sean has formed the habit of jogging ______ the tree-lined avenue for two hours every day. (2010上海卷)
用适当的词填空
1. I don’t like the book I borrowed; will you please change it for ____________?
2. The sun came out ______ behind the cloud.
3. Many people applied _______ the position ______ a salesman in the company.
4. I can’t take charge of the company because I’m afraid it’s beyond___________ ability.
5. The manager suggested an earlier date ______ the meeting.
6. I don’t think _______ wise to spent so much money on the project. ________ the cost, it’ll take a long time.
7. ______ two exams to worry about, I have to work really hard this week.
8. He rent a house ______ the year.
9. ______ a cold morning of the winter, the wild tiger may have died _______ hunger.
10. The teacher reminded the students to go ______ their compositions and correct the mistakes by __________.
11. Don’t read _____ the sun, which is harmful to your eyes.
12. You should be prepared _______ being fired _______ what you have said about the boss in his presence.
13. It was a pity that the great writer died ______ his work unfinished.
14. Most of the audience wondered _______t idea a man who’s deaf ______ birth can have of music.
15. You can’t wear a blue jacket over that shirt—_______ will look terrible.
16. Much _____ my surprise, he refused to cooperate with us.
17. I guess we’ve already talked about this before but I’ll ask you again just case.
18. When Jane got home, ________ her small but well-chosen present in her bag, her parents were already at table having supper.
19. The young man went home ______ a happy heart.
20. Jane stopped _________ a small crowd of men had gathered. She found some good quality pipes _____ sale.
21. Chinese proverbs are rich and ________ are still widely used in Chinese people’s daily life. __________these proverbs there are often interesting stories.
22. I realized that the villagers who had gathered around me were arguing as to who should have the honour of receiving me _______ a guest in their house.
23. When the time came for me to say goodbye to my friends in the village, I wanted to reward the old woman ________ the trouble I had caused her.
24. He invited me to a dance after the show ________ Christmas Eve.
25. Children need friends ________ their own age to play with.
26. Try on this red skirt; you will look great ________ it.
27. She took me from_________ poor, unhappy college student and brought me _______ her world, a world of smiles, love and warmth.

语篇填空 用适当的介词填空
Fathers Day occurs on the 3rd Sunday in June. The idea for creating a day 1 _____ children to honor their fathers began in Spokane, Washington. A woman 2 _____ the name of Sonora Smart Dodd thought 3____ the idea for Father’s Day while listening to a Mother’s Day sermon 4_____ 1909.
Having been raised 5 _____ her father, Henry Jackson Smart, after her mother died, Sonora wanted her father to know how special he was 6______ her. It was her father that made all the parental sacrifices and was, 7______ the eyes of his daughter, a courageous, selfless, and loving man. Sonora’s father was born in June, so she chose to hold the first Father’s Day celebration 8 _____ Spokane, Washington 9 ____the 19th of June, 1910.
In 1924 President Calvin Coolidge announced the third Sunday in June 10 ____ Father’s Day. Roses are the Father’s Day flowers.