资源描述
选修6 Unit 4 Global warming
要 点 梳 理
高效梳理·知识备考
●重点单词
1．phenomenon n．现象→phenomena pl.
2．subscribe vi.同意；捐赠；订阅 vt.(签署)文件；捐助
3．quantity n．量；数量→quality n．质量；品质
4．tend vi.趋向；易于；照顾 vt.照顾；护理→tendency n．倾向；趋势
5．trend n．趋势；倾向；走向
6．oppose vt.反对；反抗；与(某人)较量→opposed adj.反对的；对立的
7．consequence n．结果；后果；影响
8．state vt.陈述；说明→statement n．说明
9．range n．种类；范围
10．glance vi.看一下；扫视 n．一瞥
11．steady adj.平稳的；持续的；稳固的→steadily adv.平稳地；持续地
12．widespread adj.分布广的；普遍的
13．average adj.平均的
14．circumstance n．环境；情况
15．refresh vt.使恢复；使振作
16．contribution n．贡献→contribute v．贡献
●重点短语
1．come about 发生；造成
2．subscribe to 同意；赞成；订购
3．quantities of 大量的
4．go up 上升；增长；升起
5．result in 导致
6．be opposed to 反对……
7．even if 即使
8．keep on 继续
9．on the whole 大体上；基本上
10．on behalf of 代表……一方；作为……的代言人
11．put up with 忍受；容忍
12．so long_ as 只要
13．and so on 等等
●重点句型
1．There is no doubt that the earth is becoming warmer(see Graph 1) and that it is human activity that has caused this global warming rather than a random but natural phenomenon.毫无疑问，地球正变得更加暖和(见图表1)，而且全球转暖是人为的，而不是随意的自然现象。
2．Even if we start reducing the amount of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases, the climate is going to keep on warming for decades or centuries.
即使我们开始减少二氧化碳和其他温室气体的含量，在(未来)几十年或几个世纪内，气候仍会持续转暖。
3．It is OK to leave an electrical appliance on so long as you are using it－if not,_turn it off！只要你在使用电器设备，你便可以把它开着。如果不用就把它关掉！
4．It takes a lot of energy to make things from new materials,_so, if you can, buy things made from recycled materials.
将新材料做成物品需要许多能量，因而，如果有可能请购买用回收材料制成的物品。
●高考范文
学校计划举行英语作文竞赛，主题为We Need Advice from Older Generations。请根据下列要求写一篇作文：
你遇到了困难或问题，不知该怎么办。你去请教一位长辈，后来问题得到了解决。要求写清楚下面三点：
1．当时面临的困难或问题是什么？
2．你获得的指教是什么？
3．结果如何？
注意：1.作文总词数为100左右；
2．不能在作文中出现所在学校的校名和本人姓名，否则本节判为零分。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________
[范文]
We Need Advice from Older Generations
No one can deal with every problem they meet on their own. We need advice from others at times, especially from our older generations.
The other day, I went to my uncle. I had had a hard time deciding which subject to major in in the university. I'd like to choose English because of my strong desire of learning languages, while my parents wanted me to
major in science. Having learned my trouble, my uncle advised me to talk with my parents frankly, presenting my real thoughts. I did so.My parents understood me and agreed to respect my final choice.
Remember: Go to your older generations for advice, and they will not disappoint you.
考 点 探 究
互动探究·能力备考
Ⅰ.词汇短语过关
1．quantity n. 量；数量
a large quantity of... 许多；大量(可数；不可数)
quantities of... 许多；大量
in quantity/large quantities 批量；大量
[即学即练1](1)There ______ only a small quantity of wine left.只剩下很少一点酒了。
(2)Large quantities of clothes and food ______ provided for the earthquake areas.向地震灾区提供了大量的衣物和食品。
(3)The government has been buying silver ______ ______ __________.政府一直在购进大量白银。
is
are
in
great
quantities
答案：提示：a large quantity of/quantities of 后可以跟可数名词也可跟不可数名词。如果该短语做主语，前者谓语动词的单复数要依据所修饰名词的单复数形式而定，后者无论其后的名词可数或不可数，谓语动词都用复数。
2．tend vi.趋向；易于；照顾 vt. 照顾；护理
tendency n．倾向；趋势
tend to do sth.往往容易干某事
tend towards/to倾向于；趋于……
tend sb./sth.照顾，护理某人/某物
[即学即练2](1)The sort of music he listens to varies, but ______ _________ popular music.
他听的音乐形形色色，不过倾向于流行音乐。
(2)She ______ ______ get angry when people oppose to her plan.别人反对她的计划时，她很容易生气。
tends
towards
tends
to
(3)The nurse skillfully ______ their wounds.
那位护士熟练地为他们包扎伤口。
tended
3．oppose vt.反对；反抗；与(某人)较量
opposed adj.相反的；对立的
oppose sth./doing sth./sb. doing sth.
反对某事/做某事/某人做某事
oppose sth. to/against sth.
使某事物与另一事物对照或对抗
be opposed to...反对……；与……对立
[即学即练3](1)He _________ the proposal to build a new hall.他反对修建新礼堂的建议。
(2)Do not ______ your will _________ mine.
不要用你的意愿和我的相抗衡。
(3)She seems very much ______ ______ your going abroad.她好像很反对你出国。
opposed
oppose
against
opposed
to
4．state vt.陈述；说明
n．状况；政府；国家；州
in a．..state处于……状态中
in a bad/good state处于良好(差)状况中
state＋n./thatclause/whclause阐明……
[即学即练4](1)She was ______ ______ ________ ______ when we arrived.我们到达时，她情绪很不好。
(2)He is ______ ______ ______ ______ ______ health.
他的健康状况不好。
(3)The witness ______ that he had not seen the woman before.该证人说他以前从未见过那个女人。
in
a
terrible
state
in
a
poor
state
of
stated
(4)She gave away ______ ________ to the enemy.
她把国家的机密泄露给了敌人。
(5)Please ______ ______ ______ as they are.
请如实地陈述事实。
state
secrets
state
the
facts
5．range n. 种类，范围，幅度，界限
v. (在一定范围内)变动，变化；排列
a wide range of 一系列……
a full range of 各种……
in/within range 在射程以内，在……范围内
beyond/out of range 在射程外，在……范围外
in/out of the range of 在/超出……范围
out of one‘s range 某人能力达不到的，某人知识以外的
range from...to... 在……范围内变动，包括由……
到……之间的各类事物
range between...and... 在……和……范围内变动
[即学即练5](1)The child was now ______ ______ ______ ______ of vision.
这孩子现在走出了她的视线。
(2)There is ______ ______ ______ ______ activities for children.有给孩子们提供的各种活动。
(3)Estimates of the damage ______ ________ $1 million ______ $5 million. 估计损失在100万到500万美元之间。
out
of
her
range
a
full
range
of
range
between
and
(4)She has had a number of different jobs, _________ ______ chef ______ swimming instructor.
她做过许多不同的工作，从厨师到游泳教练。
ranging
from
to
6．glance vi. 一瞥，扫视，匆匆一看 n. 一瞥，扫视，掠过，闪光
glance at/about/around/round/up/down... 向……看
at a glance 立刻，一眼，(只)看一眼
at first glance 乍一看
give/take/shoot/throw a glance (at)．.. 看一眼……
glance off 擦过，掠过
[即学即练6](1)He ________ nervously ______ his watch.
他紧张不安地看了一下表。
(2)______ ______ ______ the place seemed deserted.
乍一看，这地方似乎被废弃了。
(3)He ______ her ______ ______ ______ as she walked into the room.她走进房间时，他朝她瞥了一眼。
glanced
at
At
first
glance
gave
a
quick
glance
(4)The bullet _________ ______ the side of the car.
子弹从汽车边上擦过。
glanced
off
7．average n. 平均数，一般，中等 adj. 平均的，一般的，中等的vi. 平均(达到)，平均为
the average of... ……的平均数
above/below (the) average 在一般水准以上/下
on (the/an) average 按平均数计算
up to (the) average 达到水准
average out... 算出……的平均数
be of average height/intelligence 中等个子/智力
[即学即练7](1)Parents spend ______ ________ ______ $200 a year on toys for their children.
父母给孩子买玩具的花费每年平均为200美元。
(2)Economic growth is expected to ________ 2% next year.
明年经济增长预计平均可达2%。
(3)________ earnings are around ￡20000.
平均收入约为2万英镑
an
average
of
average
Average
8．come about 发生；造成；(风、船等)转向
How does it come about that...? ……是怎样发生的？
It comes about like this... 事情是这样发生的……
come across 偶遇；碰到
come along 进展；进行
come out 公开；问世；出版；被发行
come round 恢复知觉；苏醒过来
come to 涉及；共计；达到
come up with 提出
come up 上来；被提出；发芽
[即学即练8](1)Can you tell me ______ the accident ______ ______？
你能告诉我事故是怎样发生的吗？
(2)______ ______ ______ ______ ______ that he knew where we were?
他是怎样知道我们在什么地方的呢？
about
how
came
about
How
did
it
come
提示：come about, happen, take place和 break out 这四个表示“发生”的词语，都是不及物动词， 不可用于被动语态。
9．result in 导致
result from... 由……而引起
as a result 结果
as a result of... 由于……的原因
in the result 结果(是)
with the result that 为此；因此
[即学即练9](1)His carelessness _________ ______ a serious blunder.他的粗心使他犯了一个严重的错误。
(2)His illness ________ ______ bad food.
他的疾病是食物变质引起的。
(3)______ ______ ______， we lost our way.
结果，我们迷路了。
results
in
resulted
from
As
a
result
10．keep on 继续
keep on doing＝go on doing＝continue doing/to do
继续做……
keep sb./sth. doing sth. 让某人/某物一直做某事
keep sb./sth. from doing sth. 阻止某人/某物做某事
keep down 控制，压制
keep up保持，维持；继续
keep up with 跟上，不落在……后面
keep away 避开，离开，使不靠近
keep back 隐瞒(某事)，阻止
keep off 让开，不接近
keep out of... 置身于……之外
keep together 聚在一起，协调一致
keep...in mind 记住……
keep in touch with... 与……保持联系
提示：keep doing sth. 表示动作或状态的持续，连续不断地或反复地做；keep on doing sth. 表示动作的反复，动作之间略有间隔。
[即学即练10](1)Don‘t _______ ______ _______ such noise.不要老是发出这样的噪音。
(2)Don’t ______ ______ such foolish things.
不要老是做这样的傻事。
(3)I will ______ ______ ________ until I reach my goal!
我还是要继续奋斗直到成功！
keep
on
making
keep
doing
keep
on
striving
11．put up with 忍受；容忍
put aside节省，储蓄，储存
put down写下，记下，击败，平定
put forward提出建议，把……向前拨
put off延期，推迟
put on穿上，戴上，演出
put out熄灭，扑灭
put through接通电话
[即学即练11](1)I can‘t ______ ______ ______ your rudeness any more; leave the room.
我不能再忍受你这种无礼的态度了，请离开这个房间。
(2)No longer being able to ______ ______ ______ my toothache, I went to consult a dentist.
我再也忍受不住牙痛，于是就去找牙科医生诊治。
put
up
with
put
up
with
(3)Can you ______ me _________ to reservation?
你可以给我接客房部吗？
(4)He ______ ________ a good plan at the meeting.
他在会议上提出了一项好计划。
put
through
put
forward
Ⅱ.重点句型详解
1．Even_if we start reducing the amount of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases, the climate is going to keep on warming for decades or centuries.即使我们开始减少二氧化碳和其他温室气体的含量，在(未来)几十年或几个世纪内，气候仍会持续转暖。
even if＝even though引导让步状语从句，意为“即使，纵使”。
①Even if we achieve great success in our work, we should not be conceited.
即使我们在工作中取得了巨大的成功，也不应该自满。
②Even if some foreigners speak ill of our Shenzhou Ⅶ spaceship, we still stick to the route of peaceful exploration of the space.
即便某些外国人对中国“神舟”七号说三道四，但我们仍将坚持和平探索太空的路线不动摇。
[即境活用1] (1)Jack felt grateful to his teacher ______ he couldn’t find words to express it.
A．as if B．even though
C．so that D．now that
解析：句意：尽管无法用言语表达，但Jack仍对老师感激不尽。只有even though符合句意要求。
答案：B
(2)The government should protect the old valuable buildings ______ they are not in harmony with the modern ones nearby.
A．even though B．as if
C．so that D．now that
解析：句意为：虽然这些古建筑与附近现代化建筑物不协调，但政府有必要保护它们。只有even though表示让步的意义。
答案：A
2．It is OK to leave an electrical appliance on so_long_as you are using it—if not, turn it off! 在使用电器设备时你可以把它一直开着，如果不用把它关掉！
as/so long as 意为“只要”，用来引导条件状语从句。
①As long as you can be back before 10 o‘clock, you can go out.
只要你10点钟前能回来，你可以外出。
②As long as you accept our conditions, we‘ll start working immediately.
只要你答应我们的条件，我们就立即开始工作。
归纳拓展：as far as “到达某个提及的地方”和“在……范围内；就……而言”。
as many as “多达……”“达到……之多”。与可数名词复数连用。
as much as “多达……”“达到……之多”。与不可数名词连用。
as soon as 作“一……就”解，引导时间状语从句。
as well as 不仅后者，前者也……；除……之外
as good as 和……一样好，实际上相当于……
[即境活用2] —Have you got any idea for the summer vacation?
—I don't mind where we go ______ there's sun, sea and beach.
A．as if B．as long as
C．now that D．in order that
解析：as long as “只要”，引导条件状语从句。
答案：B
易 错 点 拨
自我完善·误区备考
1. glance/glare/stare/glimpse
2. (1)glance 指快速地看某人或某物一眼。
3. (2)glare 指以强烈的敌意或怒气，威吓般注视。
4. (3)stare 指由于生气、害怕或吃惊而睁大眼睛注视某人或某物。
5. (4)glimpse 意为“瞥见”，是 glance 动作的结果。
1. [应用1] 用 glance, glare, stare, glimpse 的适当形式填空
2. (1)He walked and ________ at his watch now and then.
3. (2)They ________ at each other across the table after the quarrel.
4. (3)The children ______ at the stranger with open eyes.
glanced
glared
stared
(4)He ________ a short white haired figure heading for the back door.
glimpsed
2. average/common/ordinary/usual/general/normal
(1)average“普通的；平常的；一般的”，强调事物处于平均水平。
(2)common“普通的”，强调常见的，大家都有的；也可解释为“共同的，共有的”。
(3)ordinary“平常的，普通的”，强调没有任何特别之处。
(4)usual“通常的”，一般指和过去一贯的，一样的。
(5)general一般的，大体的
(6)normal正常的
[应用2] (1)It is very _________ for him to get up so early.
他早起是很自然的事情。
(2)I plan to meet you at the ______ place.
我计划和你在老地方碰面。
(3)Skim the passage and tell the _______ idea of it.
浏览全文，说出大意。
normal
usual
general
(4)It was an _________ piece of work.
那是一件普通的产品。
(5)Flu is a ______ disease.
流行感冒是常见病。
(6)It was an _________ lunch of soup and rice.
这是一顿由汤和米饭组成的普通午餐。
average
common
ordinary
3. take place/come about/happen/occur/break out
都有“发生”之意，并且都用做不及物动词，即无被动语态。
(1)take place强调必然性或按事先的安排而发生。
(2)happen, come about多为偶然发生。
(3)break out多指战争、火灾、地震、疾病等的突然发生。
(4)occur多指意想不到的事情的发生。
[应用3] (1)Argument occasionally ______ between them.他们之间偶尔也发生争论。
(2)How did it ____________ that they knew where we were?
他们是怎么知道我们在什么地方的呢？
(3)When does the meeting ______________？
会议什么时候举行？
occurs
come about
take place
(4)If anything _________ to you, let me know.
要是你出了什么事，就告诉我。
(5)Fire ______________ during the night.
夜间突然发生了火灾。
happens
broke out
高 效 作 业
自我测评·技能备考
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．A large q______________ of air－conditioners has been sold since the temperature is high.
2．Such a mistake would perhaps lead to disastrous c_______________.
3．The a__________ of 4, 5 and 9 is 6.
4．Several cars are available within this price r_________.
5．Many beautiful fish are fast disappearing because of the severe p_____________.
quantity
consequences
average
range
pollution
6．The personnel manager ______________ (浏览) down the list of names of the applicants.
7．We are making slow but __________(稳步的) progress.
8．Their so－called prosperity is only a temporary
________________ (现象)．
9．The recent ____________ (分歧) points up the differences between the two sides.
10．The pie is not very hot. Can you use the __________(微波炉) to heat it a bit more?
glanced
steady
phenomenon
disagreement
microwave
Ⅱ .单项选择
1．Have you seen the paper today? ______ go the prices again!
A．On B．Ahead
C．Out D．Up
答案：D
解析：句意：你看今天的报纸了吗？价格又上涨了！up为副词，放于句首，句子要全部倒装。
2．—How do you find the football match between Guangdong and Liaoning?
—There is nothing special. It is only ______.
A．average B．ordinary
C．common D．usual
答案：A
解析：average在此指“中等的，一般的”。ordinary普通的；common常见的；usual 通常的。
3．You must ______ working in the evening, unless you are sure you can finish the task in time.
A．keep on B．try on
C．get on D．insist on
答案：A
解析：keep on doing 继续做某事。try on尝试；get on 上车；insist on 坚持。
4．She will have to find some other work for she can't ______ this loud noise any more.
A．come up with B．keep up with
C．grow up with D．put up with
答案：D
解析：考查动词短语。put up with“忍受，忍耐”合题意。come up with 提出，keep up with 追上，赶上；无 grow up with搭配。
5．My mother was very much opposed to ______ abroad.
A．me go B．me to go
C．my going D．I went
答案：C
解析：be opposed to“反对”，后接名词、动名词做宾语。
6．－Rose lost her job again.
－Don’t worry. There is ______ work for girls of her age.
A．too much B．a number of
C．plenty of D．quantity of
答案：C
解析：考查短语辨析。plenty of“大量，许多”修饰可数或不可数名词；too much修饰不可数名词，通常有责备之意；a number of只能修饰可数名词复数；D项应该改为a quantity of。
7．The girl ______ shyly at the young fellow from behind his fans.
A．glanced B．glimpsed
C．glared D．stared
答案：A
解析：glance指快速地看一眼。glimpse意为“瞥见”，强调结果；glare“怒视”；stare at指由于生气、害怕或吃惊等睁大眼睛注视某人或某物。
8．—What is the cost of your skirts here, sir?
—It depends on which fashion you want to buy, and the prices ______ from 100 dollars to 500 dollars.
A．increase B．range
C．reach D．different
答案：B
解析：range from...to...“从……到……范围内变动”。D项应为 be different from...to...。
9．There is no obvious evidence ______ there is life on any other planet in the solar system.
A．which B．that
C．how D．where
答案：B
解析：考查名词性从句。此处是
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