高考时态语态练习.doc

时态语态专项训练 ----- 语法填空&改错

语法填空中谓语动词的解题技巧：
在高考英语语法填空中，一般有一空是考查谓语动词的时态，同时有一空是考查非谓语动词，因此，首先要判断括号中所给动词是谓语动词还是非谓语动词；若是谓语动词，一是根据主语与谓语动词的关系判断用主动语态还是用被动语态，二是根据具体的语境来判断用哪一种时态，进而确定所填动词的形式。
例1：This proverb is saying we have to let things go in their natural course. Being too anxious to help an event develop often 40 (result) in the contrary to our intention. (2008广东)
分析：因句中Being too anxious to help an event develop是动名词短语作主语，括号中的result应当为谓语动词；主语与谓语动词是主动关系，再说短语动词result in本身是不能用于被动语态的，故用主动语态；根据语境，这段话是拔苗助长这个成语故事所说明的道理，“我们必须让事物沿着它们的自然进程发展。太着急帮助一件事物发展，结果往往和我们的意图相反（欲速则不达）。”这是客观真理，应当用一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，故填results。
例2：The policeman’s attention was suddenly caught by a small box which __________ (place) under the Minister’s car. (2005广东)
分析：替代the box的关系代词which在定语从句中作主语，place应当为谓语动词；因主语which (the box)与place (放置)是被动关系，故用被动语态；又因place这个动作发生在was caught这个动作之前，即“过去的过去”，用过去完成时的被动语态，故填had been placed。
一、单句填空：用所给动词的适当形式填空。
1. Much of the carbon in the earth ____________ (come) from things that once lived.
2. In the past two decades, research _______________ (expand) our knowledge about sleep and dream.
3. Some proverbs ____________ (be) in the language for 1,000 years, for example, A friend in need is a friend indeed.
4.（2012天津）12. The three of us___________(travel) around Europe for about a month last summer.
5.（2012江西）26. – Look! Somebody_________(clean) the sofa.

6 So far, Irving ______________ (live) in New York City for ten years.  
7. The patient ________________ (send) to another hospital before we got there.
8. （2012安徽）26. In order to find the missing child, villagers ________ (do) all they can over the past five hours.
9. （2012安徽）33. Walmart, which is one of the largest American supermarket chains, ________ (keep) some of its store open 24 hours on Mondays through Saturdays.
10. （2012四川）9. — Did you catch what I said?
— Sorry. I ________ (answer) a text message just now.
二. 语篇填空
It was getting dark when I got home. It was cold and I _______1________(wear) a coat. I walked up to the door and put my hand into my pocket ____2____(take) out my key ____3______ I couldn’t find it. I suddenly remembered that I _____4____(leave) it on my desk in the office. It really didn’t make any difference. I knew my wife ___5_____(be) at home and the children must have come back from school by now, so I ___6_____(knock) at the door.
There was no answer, so I knocked again. I continued knocking at the door for some time. I ______7______(get) angry. Then I remembered something the office boy had told me at noon. He said that my wife ___8_____ (phone) saying that she _____9________(go) shopping in the afternoon with the children.
There was only one thing for me to do: I had to clime in _____10______ a window.
高考英语复习 动词的时态改错解题方法：
（一）．从时间状语上去判断时态
有时候改错题中的时态单就从一两个句子上便可判断出来，因为我们熟悉的一些时态标志词。如四大典型时态常见的标志词：
1.一般过去时态：yesterday, last Sunday morning, last year, two hours ago, just now, the other day, once upon a time,in 1945等。
2.一般现在时态：now, today, always, usually, often, sometimes, at times, every day, on Sundays等。
3.现在完成时态：so far, since, in the past 5 years ,by now, in recent years,up to now 等。
4.一般将来时态：tomorrow ，in the future ， next week, soon , in the 22nd century等。
1.Last Sunday， police cars hurry to the tallest building in New York. （NMET92）
2.Today it is much easier to be healthy than it is in the past.（NMET93）
3.I’m very pleased to say that all of us greatly improved our spoken English so far ……（05福建）
4).Since long ago, many adults and children called their friends together to spend hours ….（05湖北）
5).During the World Cup in 2002, my dad stays up late just to watch his favorite sport…….（05浙江）
（二）从平行连词前后看时态差异
其实表示平行并列关系的连词也是改错题中很重要的标志词，如and ,or ,not only…but also ,but, so 等。这些词前后的时态应该是一致的，目前来看，一般都把错处设在平行连词之后。
1.He not only came to see me but also tell me the news.
2. I remembered her words and calm down.(NMET2000)
3.Playing football not only makes us grow up tall and strong but also give us a sense of fair play and team spirit.
4.I was a school student then from a low-income family ,so I have to work to support my family.
（三） 通过对近几年短文改错的研究评析，可以看出短文改错中对动词的考查一般主要涉及以下几个方面： 
1) 一般过去时与一般现在时错用
2)主动语态与被动语态错用
3) and 前后动词时态不一致
4) 第三人称单数形式错用
5) 主谓不一致
6) 缺少谓语动词（尤其缺be动词）
7) 近义词错误或词义用反
1. The teacher told that the sun rose in the east.
2. I will speak to him when I will see him next Sunday.
3. I will get everything ready before my boss come back.
4. Does your mother has lunch at home?
5. He was writing a letter at the moment, I believe.
6. He can't be waiting us.
7. I am looking at the sky, and I see a strange star.
8. I haven't seen her since two months.
9. She has gone to Beijing several times.
10. Jane is doing some cleaning this time yesterday.