资源描述
《专业英语》总复习
1.Overview of physical properties of earth materials
均匀性Homogeneity
非均匀性inhomogeneity
均匀的Adj. homogeneous
各向同性Isotropy
各向异性anisotropy
各向同性的:Adj. Isotropic
均匀的Uniform: means both isotropy and homogeneity.
Porosity 孔隙度
Permeability: 1)permeability of rocks岩石渗透率(2)magnetic permeability磁导率
acoustic impedance 声阻抗
Density contrast 密度差异
Susceptibility磁化率
Magnetic permeability磁导率
Natural radioactivity 天然放射性
Isotopes. 同位素
Elasticity 弹性
Elastic moduli 弹性模量
bulk modulus体积模量,Lame constant拉梅常数,Poisson's ratio 泊松比,shear modulus, 剪切模量,young’s modulus杨氏模量,纵向弹性模数
seismology 地震学
electrical resistivity电阻率
electrical conductivity电导率
Dielectric constant, permittivity 介电常数,又称“电容率”
2.Overview of gravity survey
gravitational acceleration 重力加速度
Gravitational Potential 重力位
potential fields 位场
displacement potential位移位
magnetic potential磁位
Equipotential Surface 等位面
Gravity Anomalies 重力异常
Geoid 大地水准面
residual density剩余密度
normal gravity field 正常重力场
Measurement of Absolute Gravity 绝对重力测量
Measurement of relative gravity 相对重力测量
Gravimeters重力仪
lateral横向的
The free-air correction 自由空气校正
Bouguer correction 布格校正
Terrain corrections 地形校正
superimpose叠加
regional variations 区域变化
contour lines 等值线
profiles 剖面
residual anomaly 剩余异常
gravity interpretation 重力解释
Instrument drift correction仪器的零点校正
local gravity anomaly 局部重力异常
regional gravity anomaly 区域重力异常
angular velocity 角速度
components 分量
F(x)的导数: x derivative of F 或者the derivative of f with respect to x
Station测点. Measurement station
Adopted所采用的
Regional区域性的
3.Overview of magnetic survey
Magnetic flux磁通量
Dipole 偶极子
monopole 单极子
Magnetic field strength or intensity磁场强度
magnetic flux density磁通量密度
vector 失量
scalar 标量
tensor 张量
Induced Magnetization 感应磁化
Remnant Magnetization剩余磁化
Magnetic Susceptibility磁化率
magnetic permeability 磁导率
metamorphic rocks 变质岩
hysteresis loop磁滞回线
Geomagnetic Pole地磁极(偶极子磁极)——理论
Magnetic Pole (or Dip Pole):地磁极(地磁倾极)——实际
horizontal component 水平分量
inclination (I) 磁倾角
declination (D) 磁偏角
International Geomagnetic Reference Field (IGRF) 国际地磁参考场
Magnetometers 地磁仪
Mechanical magnetometer 机械式磁力仪
“Fluxgate” Type 饱和式磁力仪
“Proton-Precession” Type质子旋进式
optical-pumping magnetometer光泵磁力仪
superconductive magnetometer超导磁力仪
“Alkali-vapor magnetometers” 碱-蒸气式
Magnetic Gradiometer磁力梯度仪
Data acquisition 资料采集
Airborne航空勘探
Shipborne海洋勘探
Ground Based 地面勘探
Borehole 井中勘探
deduce推导
staking 标桩定线, 布置测线
Diurnal Correction日变校正
Normal Field Correction正常场校正
latitude纬度
longitude 经度.
Elevation corrections 高度校正
Terrain Corrections地形校正
quantitative interpretation定量解释
qualitative interpretation定性解释
topography地形
geological age地质年代
rock formation 岩层
survey layout观测排列
4.Overview of Electrical methods
Direct Current 直流电
Electrical method 电法
Alternating Current 交流电
Electromagnetic method 电磁法
Active methods 人工源法
Passive methods 自然源法
electrodes 电极
spacing of electrodes or electrode spacing/ electrode separation电极距
current input electrodes供电电极
voltage measuring electrodes或potential electrode 测量电极
current-carrying loops 带电线圈
Earth Resistivity 地电阻率
longitudinal resistivity 纵向电阻率
transverse resistivity 横向电阻率
apparent resistivity视电阻率
Conductivity 电导率
Conductance 电导
potential 电位
Depth of penetration 穿透深度
Electrode Configurations (array) 电极排列
Geo-electric model 地电模型
Sounding 测深
Vertical electric sounding(WES) 垂直电测深
resistivity sounding电阻率测深
Horizontal Profiling 水平剖面法
Section 剖面
Resolution 分辨率
Horizontal resolution 横向分辨率
Precision 精度
Equivalence等值现象,等值性
SP(self potential) 自然电位
IP (Induced polarization) 激发极化
Point current 点电流
Polarization 极化
Displacement current 位移电流
Electrostatic force 静电力
Dielectric constant 介电常数
sinusoidal 正弦的,正弦曲线的
steady current n.稳定电流
electromagnetic induction电磁感应
earth resistivity地电阻率
ore bodies 矿体
flat dips 平倾角
geohydrology. 水文学
Electrical mapping 电成像
circuit电路
5.Overview of Electromagnetic methods
transmitter coil, emitter coil 发射线圈
receiver coil 接收线圈
eddy current 涡流
electromagnetic induction 电磁感应
magnetic flux density / magnetic induction 磁通量密度/磁感应强度
electric displacement 电位移
Electromagnetic Field 电磁场
Electromagnetic wave 电磁波
Vector 失量,向量vector analysis/ vector field
Displacement Current 位移电流
dielectric permittivity 介电常数
electrical conductivity 电导率
divergence 散度
curl 旋度
Attenuation/decaying衰减
Skin Depth 趋肤深度
primary field 一次场
secondary field 二次场
resultant field 合成场
Magnetotelluric Methods 大地电磁法
Frequency Domain 频率域
Data acquisition 资料采集
Data processing 数据处理
Depth Resolution 垂向分辨率
Geologic Hazard 地质灾害
loop of wire 线圈
Dead Band 盲区
wave-guide 波导
Sensor 传感器
time series 时间序列
quasi-static准静态的
near fields 近场
far fields 远场
source-receiver separation 源检距/收发距
continuous wave method连续波法
VLF(very low frequency) transmitters 甚低频发射器
Transient-field method 瞬变场法
Transient electromagnetic 瞬变电磁
Boundary condition 边界条件
Depth penetration 穿透深度
CSAMT:Controlled source audio frequency magnetotellurics可控源音频大地电磁测深法
HLEM:horizontal Loop electromagnetic sruvey水平线圈电磁法
TDEM时间域电磁法
6.Overview of Seismic exploration
震源:soruce or energy source
炮点:shot
接收装置:seismometer (地震仪) geophone (检波器) or detector
offset偏移距/炮检距shot-geophone distance
Vertical reflection 垂直反射
Wide angle reflection广角反射
Critical refraction 临界折射
Direct wave 直达波
Seismogram 地震记录
synthetic seismogram 合成地震记录
First break 初至
P Waves (Compressional waves) Primary wave 纵波
S Waves (Shear waves) 横波
transverse waves 横波
Surface Waves 面波
ground roll 地滚波
SASW: spectral analysis of surface waves 表面波频谱分析法
Guided wave导波
Wavefronts 波前
plane wave 平面波
spherical wave 球面波
conical wave锥面波
phase相位
in phase同相的
out of phase异相的
angle of incidence 入射角
angle of reflection 反射角
angle of refraction 折射角
transmission透射
seismic pulse 地震脉冲
group velocity 群速度
phase velocity 相速度
dispersion频散
Attenuation/decay 衰减
Convolution 褶积
Deconvolution反褶积
reflection coefficient
seismic record
ghost 虚反射
multiple 多次波
Artificial sources 人工源
Explosives 炸药
dynamite炸药
weight drops 落重法
Vibroseis 可控震源
Noise suppression 噪声压制
Coherent noise 相关噪声
incoherent noise 非相关噪声
Frequency filtering 频率滤波
Multiple-detector arrays 多个检波器组合
a high-pass filter 高通滤波
a low-pass filter 低通滤波
Stacking 叠加
analogue recording 模拟记录
digital recording数字记录
variable-area display变面积显示
variable-density display变密度显示
Elevation 高度
weathered layer 风化层,低速层
Static correction 静校正
dynamic correction动校正 / Normal moveout correction 正常时差校正
hyperbolic双曲线的
Source-receiver separation 源检距
Migration 偏移
Prestack migration叠前偏移, poststack migration叠后偏移
diffraction 绕射,绕射波 diffracted wave
Event 同相轴,反射同相轴 reflection event
Trace spacing道间距
Head wave 首波
Wavelet子波
Wavenumber波数
Transmission coefficient透射系数
Apparent velocity视速度
Common reflection point共反射点
Stacking velocity叠加速度
degree of redundancy冗余度
disturbing waves干扰波
observation system观测系统
groups 地震组合法
split spread 中间放炮排列
Ghost 虚反射
Isochron map 等时图 time-contour maps
Travel time 走时,传播时间
Seismic traces地震道
Seismic facies 地震相
Reflection characteristics反射特征
Frequency spectrum 频谱
Cut off 截止频率
Deformation 变形
Restoring force 回复力
Longitudinal 纵向的
Volume strain 体应变
Reversible 可逆的
Initiate 激发
Magnetostrictive pulse 磁致伸缩脉冲
Resonance 共振
Well velocity survey井中速度观测
Seismometer 地震检波器
Viscosity 粘性,粘质
Viscous damping 粘滞阻尼
Principal wave 基波
Critical value 临界值
Onward 向前的
Head wave 首波
Time-distance graph 时距曲线
Two-way time(TWT)双程旅行时
Time section 时间剖面
Shot-detector separation 炮检距
Unwanted signal 干扰信号
Trace 道
shot hole炮井
migration velocity偏移速度
polarization偏振
frequency domain频[率]域
frequency domain IP频[率]域激发极化法
bandwidth 频带宽度,简称“带宽”
f-k filtering频率波数滤波
spectrum spread频谱扩展
dispersion equation频散方程
average velocity平均速度
reconnaissance 普查
dip moveout倾角时差
trap圈闭
diffracted reflection 绕射反射波,又称“衍射反射波”。
artificial seismic source人工震源|
time domain时[间]域
time domain IP时[间]域激发极化法
time-variant filtering, time variable filtering"时变滤波
temporal resolution时间分辨率
"time domain sounding, TDEM"时间域测深|
time to depth conversion时深转换
apparent dip视倾角
apparent velocity视速度
instantaneous frequency瞬时频率
instantaneous phase瞬时相位
transient electromagnetic method瞬变场电磁法,又称“建场法”。
transient magnetic field瞬变磁场
velocity scan速度扫描
random noise随机噪声
acoustic logging, sonic logging声波测井
prospecting well, exploratory well探井
casing套管
casing wave 套管波,曾用名“管波”。
body wave体波
isotope analysis同位素分析
downgoing wave下行波
on-site measurement现场测定
phase spectrum相位谱
phase cancellation相位消除
|phase lag相位滞后
destructive interference相消干涉
phase-shift method相移法
detail survey详查
upward continuation向上延拓
downward continuation向下延拓
syncline向斜
slope斜坡
slope basin斜坡盆地
rock formation岩层
shale页岩
oil reservoir油藏
reservoir description油藏描述
preliminary prospecting well预探井, wildcat 曾用名“野猫井”。
source-generated noise源致噪声
far field远场
amplitude振幅
amplitude modulation振幅调制
amplitude spectrum振幅谱
source wavelet震源子波
source array震源组合
converted wave转换波
integrated interpretation综合解释
damping阻尼
7. Overview of other phrases
inverse problem 反演问题
Forward modeling正演问题
Inverse modeling反演模拟
non-uniqueness非唯一性
ambiguity 模糊性
constrains约束条件
Geophysical log 地球物理测井曲线
Well construction 井的组成
Lithology 岩性
state-of-the-art达到最新技术发展水平的
casing 套管
screen 筛管
Caliper log 井径测井
Single-point resistance log单电极电阻测井
Radioactivity Log放射性测井
Temperature log 温度测井
Flowmeter log流量计测井
Borehole television 钻孔电视
open hole 裸眼井
cased hole 套管井
Clay content粘土含量
Ground Penetrating Radar探地雷达
NDT nondestructive testing 无损检测
Antenna 天线
transducer 传感器
depth of penetration 穿透深度
rebar 钢筋
concrete 混凝土
dual induction focused log (DIFL) 双感应聚焦测井
dual laterolog (DLL)双侧向测井
micropherically focused log (MSFL)微球型聚焦测井
proximity log (PROX)邻近(侧向)测井
microlaterolog (MLL)微侧向测井
minilog (ML)微电极测井
electrode array log电极系测井
compensated density log (CDL)补偿密度测井
litho-density log (ZDL)岩性密度测井
compensated neutron log (CNL)补偿中子测井
natural gamma ray log (GRL)自然伽马能谱测井
compensated acoustic log (AC)补偿声波测井
Cement bond log and variable density log (CBL,VDL)水泥胶结及变密度测井
Acoustic wavetrain log (WAVE)全波列测井
Borehole televiewer (BHTV)井下声波电视测井
Caliper log(CAL)井径测井
4-arm diplog(DIP4)四臂地层倾角测井
hexagonal diplog(DIP6)六臂地层倾角测井
well formation tester(WAF)地层测试
casing collar log(CCL)磁定位测量
multiparameter log多参数测井
dielectric log(DIEL)介电测井
Carbon/oxygen log(C/O)碳氧比测井
deviation and azimuth log(DEV)井斜和方位测井
perforate (v.) 射孔
engineering cutting 工程切割
Platform Express Integrated Wireline Logging (PEX)快速平台组合电缆测井
Array Induction Imager Tools(AIT)阵列感应成像测井仪
Laterolog Tools侧向测井仪
ARI Azimuthal Resistivity Imager方位电阻率成像仪(ARI)
HRLA High-Resolution Laterolog Array高分辨率阵列感应仪(HRLA)
Microresistivity Tools微电阻率测井仪
MicroSFL Spherically Focused Resistivity tool微球聚焦电阻率测井仪
Micro-Cylindrically Focused Log微拄状聚焦电阻率测井仪
Powered Caliper Device with microlog tool电控井径微电阻率仪
7. Overview of some useful expressions
with respect to 关于,至于,相对于
Be perpendicular to 与……垂的
It is generally assumed that 通常假设
Be of interest 具有意义的,有价值的,相关的
as such同样地, 同量地
Be parallel to 与…平行的
Be tangent to 与…相切的
coincide with 与…相符,一致
on account of 由于
Derive from 由……得到
Be deemed to 被认为是
Arise from 由…引起的
It is important to realize that 认识到…是很重要的
fall off衰减
other than除…之外,不同于
be resorted to 采用
It is important to bear this in mind because 牢记这一点很重要,因为……
The reason is that 原因是……
allow for考虑到
Be propotional to与…成比例的
be directly propotional to与…成正比的
be inversely propotional to 与…成反比的。
normal to 法向的,垂的,垂直于
Normal法线
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