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A Bad Week for Mexico: Of Prisons and Petroleum
1. petroleum : n.石油，原油
2. bust : ( bust sb /sth for sth ) (of the police 警方) to suddenly enter a place and search it or arrest sb 突击搜查（或逮捕）
3. sabotage : n. 阻碍，妨碍（为防止敌方利用或为表示抗议而进行的）蓄意破坏，阴谋破坏
4. fling : ( flung flung ) to throw sb /sth with somewhere force, especially because you are angry （尤指生气地）扔，掷，抛，丢
eg. The door was suddenly flung open.
门突然被推开了。
5. oil-exploration right : 石油勘探权
6. in tow : (tow:用绳索拖，拉，牵引，拽)
eg. with much of his government in tow 在多名政府官员的陪同下
① if you have sb. in tow, they are with you and following closely behind 紧随着，陪伴着
② if a ship is taken in tow, it is pulled by another ship （船）被拖着走
7. monopoly : 垄断，专营服务，被垄断的商品（或服务）
8. flop ： n. (a film / movie, play, party, etc that is not successful ) （电影，戏剧，聚会等）失败，不成功
9. consortium : a group of people, countries, companies, etc who are working together on a particular project （合作进行某项工程的）财团，银团，联营企业
10. inflated ：
① （尤指价格）过高的，高的不合理的
② （思想，主张等）夸张的，言过其实的
11. block : a large area of land 一片土地
12. the odds are that ( it is likely that...) 可能
13. with luck 如果一切顺利
eg. With (any) luck, we will be home before duck. 如果一切顺利的话，我们可在天黑前回到家。
14. in time (for sth/ to do sth) ：not late, with enough time to be able to do sth 来得及，及时
eg. Will we be in time for the six o’clock train? 我们来得及赶上六点钟的那趟火车吗？
15. spectacular : adj 令人惊叹的，壮观的
16. ventilate : v. 使（房间，建筑物等）通风，使通气
eg. a well-ventilated room 通风良好的房间
17. stylish ：adj 时髦的，新潮的，高雅的，雅致的
18. extradite ： 引渡（嫌犯或罪犯）
19. recapture : 抓回，再次捕获；回忆，再体验，重温
20. slip away 消失，消亡，死去
21. interior :
① the inside part of sth 内部
eg. the interior of a building 楼房内部
② 内陆，内地，腹地
③ （国家的）内政，内务
eg. the Department /Minister of the Interior 内政部/内政大臣
22. manhunt : n.（对罪犯或逃犯的）追捕，搜捕
23. communications-blocking technology 通信拦截技术
24. a no-fly zone 禁飞区
25. shaky :
① 颤抖的
② (not firm or sage, not certain)不稳固的，不牢靠的
③ (not seeming very successful; likely to fail)不大出色的，成问题的，可能失败的
26. carry off reforms
carry off : to succeed in doing sth that most people would find difficult成功的对付，不费劲的处理（大多数人认为难以应付的事）
27. corruptibility : n. 堕落性，腐败性
28. pervade ： v. 渗透，弥漫，遍及
eg. Corruptibility and incompetence pervade the criminal-justice system.
贪腐无能遍及整个刑事司法系统。
29. go after sb
① 追赶某人，跟在某人后面
② 追求某人
③ 谋求某事（或某物）
eg. He went after the burglars. 他追赶那些窃贼。
30. kingpin : n. （组织或活动中的）主要人物，领袖
31. connive : connive with sb to do sth
to work together with sb to do sth wrong or illegal
共谋，狼狈为奸，同流合污
32. extortion : 敲诈勒索
33. policy : 政策，方针
34. dismiss : (dismiss...as) v. 不予考虑
eg. Vegetarians are no longer dismissed as cranks.素食主义者不再被当做怪人。
eg. He dismissed the opinion polls as worthless.他认为民意测验毫无用处而不予考虑。
eg. I think we can safely dismiss their objections.我认为我们对他们的异议完全可以不予理会。
35. wobbly :
① moving in an unsteady way from side to side 摇摆的，摇摇晃晃的
eg. a chair with a wobbly leg 一条腿不稳的椅子
② not firm or confident 颤动的，不稳的，不自信的
eg. The evening got off to a wobbly start.这次晚会一开始就不顺当。
36. champion :
① n. 冠军
② n. (champion of sth) a person who fights for, or speaks in support of, a group of people or a belief 斗争者，捍卫者，声援者，拥护者
eg. She was a champion of the poor all her life. 她终生都是穷苦人的卫士。
③ v. 为……斗争，捍卫，声援
37. petty : adj. small and unimportant 小的，琐碎的，次要的
eg. petty crime/theft 轻罪犯/小窃贼
38. gnaw : 咬，啃
gnaw at sb : to make sb feel anxious, frightened or uncomfortable over a long period of time （长时间）折磨某人
39. corrode civility 腐化了道德观念
corrode : v. 腐蚀，侵蚀
eg. Corruption corrodes public confidence in a political system.
腐败可削弱公众对政治制度的信心。
civility : n.彬彬有礼的行为，礼貌，客气
40. bodyguard : 保镖，警卫（队）
41. put sth off 推迟，延迟
put sb off (to disturb sb who is try to give all their attention to sth that they are doing)搅扰，使分神
42. disrupt : to make it difficult for sth to continue in the normal way 扰乱，打乱，使中断
43. lawless :
① （国家或地区）无法律的，不遵守法律的
② （人或行为）不遵守法律的，目无法纪的
eg. lawless gangs 目无法纪的团伙
44. sanctity :
① ( ~ of sth )神圣不可侵犯性
the sanctity of marriage 婚姻之神圣
② 神圣性，圣洁性
45. lessor : 较少的，较小的，次要的
eg. lessor offense 较轻的罪行
lessor crime 较轻犯罪
46. the rule of law （常用词组）: the condition in which all members of the society, including its rulers, accept the authority of the law 法治
47. clique : n. (often disapproving) a small group of people who spend their time together and do not allow others to join them 派系，私党，小集团，小圈子
48. secure : [get sth 得到] v. （尤指经过努力）获得，实现，取得
49. bring about : (to make sth happen)导致，引起
50. criminal code : 刑法，刑法典
51. come to nothing :（计划，目标，主张等）没有结果，始终未能实现
52. invigorate （常用词）: 使生气勃勃，激发……的活力
India and the environment
1. stealth : n. the fact of doing sth in a quiet or secret way 偷偷摸摸，不声张的活动，秘密行动
eg. The government was accused of trying to introduce the tax by stealth.
有人指责政府想不事声张地开征这种税。
2. greenery : n. attractive green leaves and plants 青枝绿叶，青葱的草木，绿色植物
3. that is (to say) : used to say what sth means or to give more information 也就是说，即，换句话说
eg. He’s a local government administrator, that is to say a civil servant.
他是当地政府的行政官员，也就是公务员。
4. part
① [menber成员]成员，成分
eg. You need to be able to work as part of a team.
你必须作为团队的一员进行工作。
② [some一些] (~of sth) some but not all of a thing 部分
eg. Voters are given only part of the story.(=only some of the information)
只对选民透露了部分情况。
5. negotiation : n. formal discussion between people who are trying to reach an agreement.
谈判，磋商，协商
6. except : 除了
7. cop-out : n. (informal,disapproving) a way of avoiding doing sth that you should do,or an excuse for not doing it 逃避（或躲避）的方法；（不做某事的）借口
8. greenhouse : n. a building with glass sides and a glass roof for growing plants in 温室，暖房
eg. the greenhouse effect 温室效应
greenhouse gas 温室气体（尤指二氧化碳）
9. beast :
① （尤指大型或凶猛、独特的）动物、兽
② 讨厌的人（或事物）
eg. The maths exam is a real beast.数学考试实在令人憎恶。
10. arena（常用词） : n.
① 圆形运动场，圆形剧场
② (written)斗争场所；竞争舞台；活动场所
eg. political /international arena 政治/国际舞台
11. populous : (formal) where a large number of people live 人口众多的，人口密集的
12. fractious :
① bad tempered or easily upset, especially by small things 易躁的；易怒的；动辄烦躁的
② (written) making trouble and complaining 捣乱的；表示不满的
eg. The six fractious republics are demanding autonomy.
这六个闹分裂的加盟共和国要求自治。
13. filthy :
① very dirty and unpleasant 肮脏的；污秽的
② (of the weather天气)cold and wet 寒冷潮湿的；恶劣的；糟糕的
14. dung : n. （尤指大型动物的）粪
eg. cow dung 牛粪
15. come with 伴随……发生
eg. B come with A 伴随A而发生B（先发生A，再发生了B）
eg. pollution that comes with growth 经济增长带来的污染
16. eg. Consider the railways, traditionally not an environmental matter.
通常而言，铁路并不被视为环保问题。
consider: 视为
consider :
① （尤指为作出决定而）仔细考虑，细想
eg. She considered her options.她仔细考虑了自己的各种选择。
a carefully considered response 经过仔细考虑的回复
② ~ sb/sth (as) sth 认为，以为，觉得
eg. The award is considered (to be) a great honor.
这项奖被视为极大的荣誉。
eg. He considers himself an expert on the subject.
他认为自己是这门学科的专家。
③ 体谅，考虑到，顾及
eg. You should consider other people before you act.
你在行动之前应当考虑到别人。
17. hundreds of millions of 数以亿计
100，00,0000 = 1亿 有了复数，就是数亿
↓ ↓
百 百万
18. monsoon : n.
① （南亚地区的）雨季，雨季的降雨
② 季风，季节风（盛行于南亚地区，夏季刮西南风，带来降雨，冬季刮东北风）
19. global warming 全球变暖，地球大气层变暖
20. coast : n. the land beside or near to the sea or ocean 海岸，海滨
eg. a town on the south coast of England 英格兰南海岸的一座城镇
coastal :adj. 沿海的，靠近海岸的
eg. coastal waters 沿海水域
coastal resorts 海滨圣地
21. retreat : n.
① a movement away from a place or an enemy because of danger or defeat
eg. Hitler’s retreat from Russia 希特勒从俄国的撤退
② ~ (from/into sth)
an act of trying to escape from a particular situation to one that you think is safer or more pleasant 逃避，躲避，退避
eg. Is watching television a retreat from reality?
看电视是对现实的一种逃避吗？
22. glacier : n. 冰川
23. unique : adj.
① being the only one of its kind唯一的，独一无二的
eg. Everyone’s fingerprints are unique.
每个人的指纹都是独一无二的。
[help] 作此义时可用absolutely, totally 或almost修饰unique
② very special and unusual 独特的，罕见的
eg. a unique talent 奇才
作此义时可用more, very等修饰unique
③ (unique to sb/sth) belonging to or connected with one particular person,place or thing
（某人、地或事物）独具的，特有的
eg. an atmosphere that is unique to New York
纽约所独具的气氛
uniquely : adv.
eg. The UK, uniquely, has not had to face the problem of mass unemployment.
唯有英国无须面对大量失业的问题。
24. freight : n. goods that are transported by ships, planes, trains or lorries/trucks; the system of transporting goods in this way （海运、空运或陆运的）货物；货运
eg. passenger and freight transportation services 客货运业务
25. lousy : adj. very bad 非常糟的，极坏的，恶劣的
26. generate : v. to produce or create sth 产生，引起
eg. to generate electricity 发电
to generate income/profit 产生收益/利润
eg. The proposal has generated a lot of interest.
这项建议引起众多的关注。
eg. providing millions of villages with solar-and wind-generated electricity
用太阳能和风能为数百万村庄发电。
27. lovely and warm/ cold/ quiet...
used when you are emphasizing that sth is good because of the quality mentioned
（用以强调某事物因具有所说的特质而很好）
eg. It’s lovely and warm here. 这里温暖宜人。
28. diesel : n. 柴油
29. explicit
① (of a statement or piece of writing 陈述或文章)清楚明白的，易于理解的
② (of a person 人) saying sth clearly, exactly and openly （说话）清晰的，明确的，直言的，坦率的
eg. She was very explicit about why she had left.
她对自己离开的原因直言不讳。
30. explicitly : adv.
eg. The report states explicitly that the system was to blame.
报告明确指出问题出在制度上。
31. wind farm 风力发电厂
32. liquefy : v. （使）液化
33. incident : n. 发生的事情（尤指不寻常的或讨厌的）
34. incidental : adj.
① ~(to sth) happening in connection with sth else, but not as important as it, or not intended 附带发生的，次要的，非有意的
eg. The discovery was incidental to their main research.
这一发现是他们主要研究中的附带收获。
② ~to sth (technical术语) happening as a natural result of sth 作为自然结果的；伴随而来的；免不了的
eg. These risks are incidental to the work of a firefighter.
这些风险是担任消防员不可避免的。
35. energy-efficient 节能的
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