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高考完形填空常用近义词总结
动词类:
1“看” look看的动作/ see看的结果; watch观察/observe为了研究进行的观察; Notice注意catch sight of看见/ stare好奇地看/ glare瞪着看
Glance瞅见/glimpse瞥见 see a film watch TV
2“说” tell sth to sb.=tell sb sth告诉的内容 talk with sb about sth强调说话者之间的交流 Say sth诉说的内容 speak in English说的语言 whisper sth to sb 耳语 Inform sb of sth 通知某人某事 reason /talk/persuade sb into doing sth 说服某人做某事 bargain讨价还价 chat聊天 repeat重复 explain解释 warn警告 remind提醒 Discuss 讨论debate辩论 figure 指出declare宣布 claim自称 mention 提起 admit 承认deny 否绝 describe描述 announce 公布 introduce 介绍complain抱怨
3“叫” cry哭叫 call叫 shout大喊 scream尖叫 moan呻吟 sigh叹气 quarrel大吵
4“问” ask 询问 interview 采访 express表达 question审问
5“答” answer回答 respond回应(用其他方式回应) reply回复
6 “听” listen to听的动作 hear听的结果 pick up收听 overhear无意听到
7“写” dictate听写 write sth 写 describe描写 drop a line 写信 draw画
take down/write down写下,记下
8“拿/放” take拿走 bring拿来 hold举着 carry扛,挑 (无方向性) fetch拿来拿去 lift举 put放 lay 铺/放置 pull拉/push推
9“抓” take hold of 抓着 seize紧抓 grasp 握住 scratch 抠
10“打” hit一次性的打击 beat不间断的打击 strike突然的击打/突然想到 blow吹刮
attack攻击
11“扔” throw扔 drop掉 放弃 错过 fall 倒下无意掉下来 wave 招手 shake摇
12“送” send寄送 deliver递送 give给 offer 主动给予 see off给某人送行
13“摸/抱” touch摸 /fold折叠 /embrace拥抱 / hug抱/hold 握 in one’s arms
14“踢/碰” kick踢/knock敲/ tip 轻敲
15“行” walk run climb jump skip 单腿跳 slip溜 come/go enter进入 move搬迁 drive开车 ride 骑fly crawl 匍匐前进
16“坐” sit down be seated seat oneself take a seat/ stand站,耸立/ lean斜靠
17“睡/休息” lie /on one’s back/ on one side/ on one’s stomach stay in bed have a rest take a nap打盹 be asleep bend turn over翻身 rest
18“笑” smile 微笑(不出声) laugh burst into laughter burst out laughing
19“哭” cry shed tears 留泪 weep呜咽地哭 sob抽泣 burst into tears /burst out crying
20“找/查” find找到 look for正在找过程 find out查明 discover/explore 发现/探索
hunt for search for seek / seek for in search of寻找 Search sb 搜身 search sp. for sth 为某物而搜寻某地
check检查,核实 examine 考察发现问题/体检 test检测,检验 inspect视察
21“穿” put on 动作 wear穿戴 have on试穿 be dressed in 穿的状态 make-up化装
get changed换衣服 be in red Take off 脱 remove 去除
22“吃/喝” eat/drink sip吮吸 have a meal have supper toast taste
treat sb to请某人吃 help oneself to 随便吃
23“得” get obtain acquire获得知识和技能 gain possess
24“失” lose 丢了 be lost /be missing人错过失踪,不见 gone不见(物) great loss die die off相继死去 die away 逐渐消失
25“有” have 有 own是自己的 conquer征服 occupy占有=possess
26“无” nothing left the remaining thing disappear be missing /gone
27“增/减” rise / go up /drop
人主动抬价 raise /bring down /reduce increase/decrease
28“买/卖” buy purchase afford pay pay off pay for sell on sale bargain
Bill / cheque / cash/ credit card notes/ coins discounts
29“存在/消失”come into being exist appear survive live show turn up
Disappear die die out pass away be out of sight
30“变化” develop improve become grow go+ bad /wrong/ sour /without( negative adj.) turn + clour change /change into reform
31“认识的过程”feel sense guess suppose wonder doubt know /learn realize
Understand remember be familiar with recall recite apply to
32“成功/失败”make it succeed make progress come true realize one’s dream win
Lose fail to do failure defeat suffer loss beat turn sth. Into reality
33“努力” try /manage make efforts attempt do ones best do as much as one can to do
34祝贺 congratulations on sb celebrate observe 庆祝 get together 聚会
35赞美/批评 praise think highly of / blame sb for sth/ sb is to blame
criticize /scold sb. for sth. have a low opinion of sb Speak ill of
36喜/恶 like love be fond of be keen on be crazy about adore be into prefer enjoy in favor of dislike hate be awful/disgusting ignore turn off
37判断 think believe consider find feel conclude infer doubt
38到达 arrive at reach return to get to stay in sp visit leave leave for
on one’s way to upon one’s arrival on doing sth
39受伤 hurt injured wound cut kill drown bleed get burnt suffer from
suffer a loss
40损坏 damage destroy ruin break down be broken crash
41修复 repair rebuild restore fix recover oneself
42支持/反对 agree disagree accept receive refuse turn down
be against elect vote for/ against
43 做饭 cook wash cut chop boil fry steam make mix clean brush cover uncover cooker
44 建议 advise suggest recommend urge propose demand persuade 说服
45 花费 sth/doing sth+cost sb+spend+ in doing sth Sb+afford +n/to do sth
It +take some time/ money/energy +to do sth sb+ pay+$ for sth. at one’s expense
46 省/存钱 save /save up set aside put away spare no effort/ time
47 参加 take part in join /join in attend compete in/ for/against
48控告 accuse sb. of charge sb. With
49 救治 help /help out save /rescue sb from sth. Treat过程 / cure 结果sb. of sth
Aid sb in doing sth / to do sth help sb with sth assist sb in doing sth
50敬佩 admire respect show respect for/to adore envy /be jealousy in honor of
51逃避 ran away escape from flee hide
52 阻止/禁止 prevent / keep/ stop sb. From doing sth forbid doing sth. Ban prohibit
53 对付/处理 handle / do with / deal with /tackle /overcome sth solve settle
54 效仿 copy imitate learn from learn
54 爆发/发生 come about happen to take place break out
burst out go off explosion
55安装/装备 fasten fix set equip
be armed with 用什么武装 be equipped with装备有
56 追求 pursuit ran after seek after chase catch up with赶上 keep up with跟上
57 想/考虑 think of 考虑/+as把什么看成 think about想起 consider
think over仔细考虑 be concerned 担心 be considerate towards sb.
58 打算 plan / intend / design to do be going to do /be about to do /will do
59 似乎/好象 seem appear look like as if as though
60 开办/关闭 open start set up close/close up end close down
名词类“
1假期vacation holiday spring break ask for leave be on holiday have two days off
2旅游 trip journey tour voyage travel tourist passenger go camping/picnicking/hiking
3职务人员 clerk secretary passer-by friend minister manager waitress guest host hostess
Assistant customer adult neighbor relative patient /vet staff crew nurse teacher
Conductor tailor sailor inventor gardener guard
4餐馆/定餐/就餐 inn restaurant kitchen menu bill order tip fork and knife reserve /book table Taste delicious salad dash vegetables fruit tray napkin
5诊所/看病/服药 clinic hospital take one’s temperature take medicine/pills have a fever/flu/headache doctor physician surgeon specialist patient
6车站/机场 airport on board miss the train/bus catch a train meet sb.
7身体部位 arm head hair brain waist back shoulder pulse wrist
8意志 will courage patience determination faith effort confidence ambition energy
9才能/品质 talent gift ability potential intelligent promising smart stupid careful proud
Strict honest cold serious easy-going learned knowledgeable
10优缺点 advantage disadvantage strength weakness
11目标 aim goal intention purpose belief faith
12方式 means method way manner approach
13身体素质 strong weak pale sick ill be well keep slim/ fit cut weight/put on weight
14图表 photo picture graph drawing table line/bar graph pie chart draw a sketch 划草图
15文章 reading translation essay poem paper novel/fiction article magazine newspaper journal 日志 diary日记 Files form make a list of
16课堂class course lecture example reason message notes words phrase scholarship degree
Subject question trouble difficulty grades read comment marks
17 学校活动 match game activity hold a meeting /debate /speech/ ceremony
18建议/观点 advice suggestion idea proposal view recommendation
19气候/天气 climate weather storm windy cloudy rainy snow hot/cold/freezing/heat/warmth
20交通 by train/bus /boat bike on the train/bus /a bike drive a car ride a bike
give sb. a lift/ride
21习惯 habit custom get used to regular有规律的(形容词) practice惯例(名词)
22感觉 sight hearing touch smell sense
23情感 feeling emotion anger delight sadness sorrow
24 财富 money possessions wealth belongings fortunes treasure diamond be rich/well-off
25 运动比赛 on the playground on the track and filed pitch event game match sports player Coach judge jogging weightlifting play volleyball/soccer/
26衣服 clothes, cloth, clothing clothes统指各种衣服,谓语动词永远是复数, cloth指布,为不可数名词 clothing 服装的总称,指一件衣服用a piece of, an article of
27事件 incident, accident incident指小事件, accident指不幸的事故
形容词类
1人的各种感受
乐happy delighted to one’s joy pleased amused
悲 sad unhappy painful bitter
平静 calm quiet silent/still peaceful
烦bother bored be fed up with
震惊 surprised astonished shocked /amazed
怕 in fear be frightened /scared /afraid
失望desperate disappointed hopeless be depressed
满意be satisfied with /be content to do
生气 Annoyed angry disgusting burst into rage
2 表程度的副词类
narrowly/ Nearly/ almost hardly/ hard extremely/ very very/ quite
accidently/ once in a while occasionally/ once far / by far
Farther/ further better/ worse be well/ good however/ therefore/so/thus
易考的近义词组
run/ manage grow/ plant leave/remain fit/ suit/ match
Hit/ beat/strike meet/ satisfy touch /feel play /performer
Contain/ hold /seat/ fill lie/sit/locate help/work/ do
Fall/ sink/ drop matter/ problem /trouble/ money/ account
Cause/ reason that’s why/ that’s because because/ since,as/ for
Last/ continue keep/ stay/ treat/ cure/ operate separate/ divide
Stand/ bear/tolerate/hold turn/become/go change/vary/range
Provide/supply/offer/ give/send
高中英语熟词新义总结
最佳方法:平时的积累。只有积累了一定的“熟词新义”后,才能形成一定的语感,才会在具体的
语境中快速捕捉单词的准确含义。所以有必要对高中教材中的词汇进行梳理,做到查漏补缺,加强记忆,然后在阅读中去体会,从而力求消化。
为了帮助同学们提高词汇复习效率,我对高中教材部分单词进行了盘点,按照字母的顺序进行了编排。由于版面的限制,没有列举例句,同学们可以对照教材词汇表学习。
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一、
accept 接受,认可(Vt.);同意,承认(vi.)
adapt 使适应;改编
add 增加, 添加(Vt.); 加起来, 增添
(vi.);补充说(Vt.)
amount 数量(n.);等于,共计(vi.,与to
连用)
argue 争论,辩论(vi.);主张,说理,说服(Vt.)
award 奖,奖品(n.);授奖,给予……金钱(v.)
boom 发出隆隆声;(国家地区或行业的)
繁荣,迅速发展
burn 焚烧,烧焦;发出怪味,点(灯)
compare 比较,比作(Vt.);比得上,与…匹敌(vi.)
consider 考虑;认为;照顾到,考虑到(独立主格结构considering sth. 或sth. considered)
depend 依靠,依赖;视情况而定
desire 希望, 期望; 请求, 要求(从句用should 型虚拟语气)
equal 等于;比得上,匹敌(Vt.)
equip 装配;配备(知识/ 信息/ 事实等)
handle 门把手(n. ); 操作,处理(v.)
hunt 打猎;猎取;搜寻(vi.)
include 包括;计算在内(与in 连用)
introduce 介绍;引进;提出;出台(政策/法规等)
measure 测量;为……量尺寸;判断,权衡,
衡量(有measure sb. / sth against sb. / sth 搭配)
owe 欠(钱/ 债务等);归功于,感激;幸亏
于,由于(owing to 的固定形式)
perform 表演;(成功地)表现;完成,执行,
进行(尤其指复杂的活动);有……的用途
press 按,压,印;逼迫,迫使(press sb. to do sth.)
process 制作,加工(食品);处理(文件/ 数据等);冲洗(照片)
pronounce 发音;宣告,断言,宣布(官方意见或决定)
publish 出版,发行;发表,刊登;(在报纸或墙壁上)公布,公开
raise 提高;举起;饲养,喂养;唤起(意识);使……产生(情感或反应);筹款
satisfy 使……满意; 满足(要求或欲望等);使……相信(与of 连用)
share 分享,分担;均分,分配;有……共同的特征
shoulder 肩膀(n.);肩负,承当(责任或负担)(v.)
spread 传播(消息/ 信息等);散布(流言);
涂抹(奶油等);(疾病)传播,蔓延;伸展(四肢);展开(翅膀)
strike 击打;(时针)敲响;摩擦;罢工;达成(协议或交易);(灾难)突然袭击(vt.);突然产生(想法或主意)(vi.)
succeed 取得成功;(学业或事业等)表现出色,有作为(vi.);接替,继承(vt.)
tie 系;扎(Vt.);与……打成平局(搭配tie with sb.)
touch 接触;感动
treat 对待;治疗;款待;请客(搭配treat sb.to sth.)
unfold 打开;展开;显露;阐明
weigh 称(Vt.);重(若干);权衡,衡量(vi.)
二、
appreciate 感激(宾语不能为人只能为物);赏识(宾语可为人);鉴赏
attend 出席,参加;上(学);去(听课,做礼拜);照看;伺候
bend 弯曲; 委屈; 专心于(搭配bend one’s thought / mind to)
charge 要( 价) (charge sb. some money);使(充电);控告(charge sb. with sth.);
攻击;向…跑(常与介词at / towards / into 连用)
comfort 舒适,宽慰(n.);使……舒适;安慰(v.)
continue 继续;继续说(Vt.);继续是(连系动词)
digest 消化(食物);理解;吸收;领会
fold 折叠;合拢;抱住
gain 获得;增加(体重、速度)
intend 打算,想要;意指;专为……提供
(常用被动形式be intended for)
occur 发生,出现;突然使某人想起(occur to sb.)
operate 操作;运行(Vt.);为……做手术
(vi.后常跟介词on)
prevent 阻止, 防止( 搭配prevent ...from);预防
promise 许诺;答应(Vt.);(有)前途(连系动词)
prove 证明,证实;结果是(连系动词)
remove 移走,搬动;脱去(衣物);去除,
排除(困难或阻力);免除(职务)
read 阅读,朗读(Vt.);读懂,看明白;上面写着(vi)
settle 结束(争论);决定,确定;定居,安家;安置,安顿;付清,结清(欠账);沉淀;停留
shelter 遮蔽物,庇护所;临时栖身之所
(n.);保护,庇护;躲避(v.)
shock 使……触电; 使……遭电击;使
……震惊,使……震惊
threaten 威胁,恐吓;(坏事)可能发生;
波及;预示(危险)
value 评价;估价;重视,尊重
三、
advise 建议; 劝告(Vt,)(从句用should型虚拟语气);提供意见;
商量(vi);通知,告知(从句不用虚拟语气)
affect 影响;感动;(疾病)侵袭
approach 向……靠近;接近;与……打交道;着手处理
bathe 洗澡;沐浴;(使)浸没
bury 埋葬;掩藏;专心于某事(bury oneself in sth.)
circulate (使)循环;(使)流通;流传,传播;散发(布);使发行
contribute 捐助( 金钱、物品等); 贡献
(时间、精力);(contribute sth. to)有助于;导致;(contribute to sth.);(在团体或活动中)起作用,出力;投(稿),撰(稿)
defend 捍卫; 保护; 防卫; 为……辩护(辩解)
discourage 使泄气,使灰心;阻止,反对
(discourage sb. from doing sth.)
employ 雇佣;使用,采用;忙于(be employed (in) doing sth.)
engage 使订婚(be engaged to sb.);雇佣;
使从事;忙于(be engaged in (doing) sth.)
experiment 实验(n.); 做实验(experiment with)(v.)
face 面临;面对;正视(face sb. / sth; be
faced with);摆在……的面前(sth. face sb.)
identify 认出;鉴定(identify sb. / sth. as
sth.);使等同于(identify sth. with sth.)
impress 铭刻; 给……极深的印象(impress
sth on sb; impress sb. with sth.); 使
……感动(sth. impress sb.)
match 比赛;火柴(n.);匹敌,和……相称(vt.)
observe 观察;遵守(规则、制度);庆祝(节日)
persuade 说服,劝服;使某人相信(persuade
sb. of sth.)
present 礼物(n.); 在场的; 目前的
(adj.);赠送;介绍;呈现,出示(v.)
read 阅读,读书(Vt.);上面写作,有……
的字样(vi.);读懂,弄明白
reflect 反射;反映,表现;反省
relate 与相连(有关)(Vt.);理解(vi.与to连用)
remain 保持,仍然是(连系动词);剩下
(vi.);(人)逗留(vi.)
retire 退休,退职;撤退,撤离
rise 上升;上涨:起床;起身(rise to one’s feet)
switch 开关(n.);改变,转变(vi.)(常与 on / off 连用)
tip 尖端,末梢;小费;窍门(n.);给忠告;
给小费;使倾斜,轻击(v.)
undertake 承担;从事;着手做
wipe 擦,揩;清除,消灭(常与out / away连用)
witness 目击(Vt.);为……作证(witness to sb.)
四、
accompanying 陪伴,陪同;伴随,和一起发生
act 行动;扮演;担任(Vt.)起作用,有影响(vi.)
adjust 适应(adjust to);调节,调整;校正,
校准(adjust sth. for sth.)
base 基地,根据地(n.);以……为基础
(base sth. on sth.; be based on)
battle 战役, 战斗(n.); 奋斗, 斗争; 竞争,较量(v.)
fail 失败;未通过;(机器或身体器官)失灵,出毛病;(品质或能力)突然失去
gather 使( 人) 聚集, 集合; 收获; 收集
(信息);(力量或速度)增加;
man 男人;人类(n.);给…配备人员;操作(v.)
mark 作记号;庆祝
rate 评价,估价;评为;为(电影)划分等级;值得,应得
serve 为……服务; 服役; 供职于;为
……端上食物(常用被动);
用作(某用途)(常与介词as 连用); 有助于(serve the purpose / interest)
spare 抽出,挤出(时间)(spare sb sth.);
使免受, 免遭(spare no effort / expense);饶
恕,赦免(spare one’s life);备用(常用to spare作后置定语)
upset 使烦恼,使生气;扰乱,搅乱( 计划);打翻,弄翻
voice 嗓音;发言权(n.);发言;表达,吐
露(尤指消极情绪)(v.)
五、
abandon 抛弃,丢弃;舍弃;中止;沉迷于
(abandon oneself to)
account 账目; 账户; 描述; 报告( 名词);解释;占据的比例(常与for 连用)
acknowledge 承认;告知(收悉);确认(收到);(公开的地)就……表示感谢
admit 承认(admit doing sth.);准许( 入
场);招收(be admitted to / into)
adopt 收养;采纳,接受(意见等);通过,批准
address (在信封或包裹上)写地址;讲话;提出(问题、意见等)
advertise 作广告;宣扬;公告,公布(音乐会,赛事等)
appeal 吸引,感染;呼吁,恳求,求助;上诉(都与介词to 连用)
approve 批准,核准,认可(Vt.);同意,赞许(Vt. approve of sb.doing sth.)
assume 假定, 想当然地认为; 摆出,装出;就职,就任
attach 系, 缚; 附属于; 认为…怎么样
(attach importance / significance / value to sth.)
blame 受到责备(be to blame for);归咎于(blame sth. on sb.)
calculate 计算,核算;估计,预测,推测
conclude 推断出,推论出;结束;缔结;议定;结束时说
consult 咨询, 求教(consult sb. About sth.);与某人商量,征得某人的同意(consult with sb.);查阅,查找(时间表)
cover 覆盖;占地;包括,涉及,处理;报道;支付(费用、开支等)
deliver 把某物送到,投递;发表(正式讲话);接生(孩子);解救
distinguish 区分,辨别;听出,看清,闻出,尝出;表现出(d
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