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介入溶栓治疗下肢动脉血栓临床观察
【摘要】 目的 介入溶栓治疗下肢动脉血栓的临床效果探讨。方
法 采用 2007 年 4 月-2010 年 8 月,19 例患者均行双下肢动脉 CTA 检
查证实下肢动脉血栓形成(其中左下肢 10 例,右下肢 9 例) 。对 19
例患者均行下肢动脉血栓溶栓治疗。 术中采用 Seldinger 穿刺健侧股
动脉后留置动脉导管,在明确血栓的部位及血管狭窄情况后行用尿激
酶 30 万单位于 30 分钟缓慢灌注, 造影观察血栓开通情况,若血栓未开
通或开通不全则留置导管回病房, 每天用尿激酶 30 万单位经导管分 6
小时缓慢泵入,持续 2- 6 天。根据皮肤颜色及温度改变再次行造影,
评价血栓溶解情况。结果 治疗后造影复查,19 例患者中,24 小时内
即获完全开通 11 例,72 小时内完全开通 5 例,部分溶通 3 例,19
例患者临床症状均明显改善,疼痛明显缓解。结论:介入溶栓治疗下肢
动脉血栓简便、 安全、 有效。
【关键词】 下肢动脉血栓 介入 尿激酶
Clinical observations of catheterization thrombolysis in
treating lower limb arterial thrombus
【 Abstract 】 Objective To investigate the value of
catheterization thrombolysis for the treatment of lower limb
arterial thrombus. Methods nineteen cases of lower limb arterial
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thrombus were enrolled in the study from April 2007 to August
2010,whose diagnosis were confirmed by CTA
(left,n=10;right,n=9). The diagnosed patients with lower
extremity arterial thrombosis were used as researched objects ,
by Seldinger method to puncture contralateral femoral arterial
vascular and the catheter was placed in specific parts of the
blood clot and narrow in line with the urine dared enzymes
300,000 u in 30 minutes slow, then observe full and open. If the
thrombus does not open ,the catheter should be taken back to the
ward every day with urokinase 300,000 u / h slow infusion
catheter 2 - 6 days. Based on skin color and temperature changes
to decide angiography, evaluation of thrombolytic situation.
Results: The DSA was repeated after therapy, 11 cases were
completely recanalized within 24 hours, 5 cases were completely
recanalized within 72 hours, 3 cases were partly recanalized,
but the clinical symptoms of all patients had significantly
improved, pain relief was relief or disappearance .Conclusion
Interventional therapy is immediate and effective in treating
lower limb arterial thrombus.
【 Key word 】 lower limb vein thrombus;inventional
therapy;clincial curative effect
2
下肢动脉血栓的形成是由于血管痉挛及血管的异常刺激造成原已
形成的动脉硬化斑块脱落堵塞而形成的血栓。下肢动脉急性血栓形成
后常造成肢体缺血坏死,严重者可导致截肢致残。介入溶栓治疗下肢
动脉血栓,取得了好的疗效,对患者来说创伤小[1]。介入动脉置管灌
注尿激酶来激活血栓是治疗外周血管血栓栓塞优先选择的方法。2007
年 4 月-2010 年 8 月年我科运用此方法治疗 19 例下肢动脉血栓患者,
取得了显著的疗效。
1 临床资料
1.1 一般资料
19 例患者,男 13 例,女 6 例,年龄 37~68 岁。其中外伤 4 例,
血栓闭塞性脉管炎 8 例,动脉粥样硬化 5 例。发病部位:右下肢动脉 9
例,左下肢动脉 10 例,阻塞部位: 股动脉起始部 6 例,中部 7 例,动
脉 6 例。19 例均有下肢疼痛,10 例出现下肢剧烈疼痛,9 例为阵发性
疼痛。7 例小腿皮肤青紫、皮温下降。17 例足背及腘动脉均消失,2
例足背动脉及腘动脉较对侧减弱,其中有 11 例足拇趾皮色已呈暗紫
色。
1.2 手术方法
3
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