一般过去时的被动语态.doc

一般过去时的被动语态
　用法
　　被动语态用于以下一些情况：
1. 当不知道谁是动作执行者时’。
　　 Money and keys were taken from coat pockets during the party.
　　当谁是有关动作执行者显得并无意义、不重要或者已很清楚时。一般过去时的被动语态常见于某些类型的报道文，其中包括:
2. 有关法律程序的报道。
A woman was sentenced to two years in prison.
3. 有关事故与自然灾害的报道。
A child was hurt.
　　Buildings were damaged.
4. 有关学术研究的报道。
　　 Three milliliters(3毫升)of water were added to the mixture.
5. 当需强调动作本身和受到动作影响的人或物时。比较下下面的例句：
　　主动语态：A bus completely destroyed my car yesterday.
　　被动语态：My car was completely destroyed yesterday.
6. 当需避免句首出现冗长而又复杂的主语时。
　　 Most fish are caught by fishermen who are prepared to wait patiently on the river bank in all weathers.
　　大部分的鱼都是被全天呆在河岸上耐心等候的渔民所捕获。
7. 当事情发生在过去某一具体的时间里时，使用的是一般过去时的被动语态，而非现在完成时的被动语态。

　形式
　　一般过去时的被动语态由was / were+过去分词构成。
She was arrested.
　　They were taken away immediately.
　　表示动作执行者时可用by短语。
　　 The fruit was picked by students.