人教版高中英语必修5-unit-1-单词讲解(课堂PPT).ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,高中英语人教版新课标,必修五,1,Unit 1,1.characteristic adj.,典型的；特有的；表示特性的,n.,（,c,）特征；特性；特色,character,n.,（,c,）性格，文字；人物；,u,，,s,特征；特性,2.Put forward,提出,(,a plan/a suggestion,),put oneself forward,毛遂自荐；出风头,put sb forward,引荐某人,put forward,sth.,提出某事,Sth be put forward,某事被提出,2,put away/aside,放在一边；收拾起来；储存,put down,写下；镇压；放下,put off,延期，推迟（,后接,doing),put on,穿上；,(,速度、体重,),增加；,上演,；假装,put out,扑灭，熄灭 ；出版,put up,举起；建造；张贴,put up with,忍受，忍耐，容忍,3.conclude,conclude vt.,断定，推断出；作出结论,(,不用于进行时,)conclusion n.,（,c,）结论，,conclude to do sth.,决定做某事,3,conclude.from.,从,中推断,to conclude(,做插入语,),最后,(,一句话,),in conclusion,最后，总之,bring sth to a conclusion,使某事结束,make a conclusion,下结论,arrive at,/,come,to,/,draw,/,reach,a conclusion,得出结论,4.analyse nlaiz vt.,1,）分析,They analysed the situation very closely.,他们非常周密地分析了形势。,adj.,analytical,=,analytic,分析的；解析的；善于分析,analytical method,分析法,n.(c),analysis,(pl),analyses,4,5.infect,vt.,使受影响,影响,短语,infect with,把,传染给,adj.,infectious,传染的；传染性的；易传染的,infected,被感染的,infective,有传染性的，感染别人的,infective,和,infectious,的区别,infective:,able to cause infection,infectious:,passed easily,especially through the air they breathe.,n.(c),infection,感染；传染；影响；传染病,5,defeat,vt.,打败；战胜；使受挫；,n.,（,c,）失败；战胜,defeat/beat/win,这三个单词用法,这三个词都有“赢”的意思，但其用法不尽相同,:,(,1)defeat,和,beat,用法相同，其宾语必须是“人或某个集体”,。如,a team,a class,a school,an army,等。,注意：,defeat,侧重在战场上打败敌人，,beat,常用于游戏或比赛中，但在平时运用中常替换使用。,(2),win,表示在较强的竞争中取得了胜利，或或者在其他方面赢得了信任，荣誉等，常带的宾语有：,game,war,prize,fame,battle,，,belief,等。,win,还可作为不及物动词来用。,6,7.,expert,adj.,熟练的；经验或知识丰富的,n.,（,c,）专家；行家,be expert in/at/on,sth,擅长某事；在某方面是行家,=be an expert in/at/on sth,be expert in/at/on doing sth,擅长某事,=be an expert in/at/on doing sth,8.attend,vt.&vi.,出席；参加；照料，护理,attend a meeting/a lecture/school/church,参加会议,/,听报告,/,上学,/,做礼拜,attend to sb/sth,处理，对付某人,/,某事,attend to ones,advice,听取某人的意见，听某人的话,7,attend to a customer,接待,(,或招呼,),顾客,Mother attended to the baby while I went to the dance.,我去跳舞时妈妈照管了婴儿。,attend to ones duties,做好自己的工作，尽职,Dont worry,everything will be attended to in good time!,别着急，每件事都会得到及时处,attendance,n.,出席，到场，参加,attendant,n.,（,c,）服务员；侍者,attend on/upon sb.,伺候某人；照顾某人,8,join,join in,take part in,和,attend,的区别,join,有两个用法：,(1),指加入某个党派，团体组织等，成为其成员之一，意为：“,参军、入团、入党,”等,join the army/the Young Pioneers/the Party,(2),和某人一道做某事，其结构为：,join sb.in(doing)sth.,，,根据上下文，,in(doing)sth.,也可以省去,Will you join us in the discussion?,你参加我们的讨论吗？,join in,多指参加小规模的活动如“,球赛、游戏,”等，常用于日常口语。,join in the football game,9,take part in,指参加会议或群众性活动,等，着重说明句子主语参加该项活动并在活动中,发挥积极作用,。,Well take part in social practice during the summer vacation.,暑假期间我们将参加,社会实践。,take part in,是惯用词组，,part,前一般不用冠词，但,part,前有形容词修饰时，要用不定冠词。,Lincoln,took an active part,in polities and was strongly against slavery.,林肯积极参加政治活动，强烈反对奴隶制。,10,attend,是正式用语，及物动词，,指参加会议，婚礼，葬礼，典礼；去上课，上学，听报告等。,句子的主语只是去听，去看，自己不一定起积极作用。,attend a meeting/a wedding/a funeral/,a ceremony/a lecture,attend school,去上学,attend class,去上课,attend church,去教堂；做礼拜,11,10.expose vt.,暴露，揭露,使曝光,expose crime,揭露罪行,expose the truth,揭露真相,expose sth./sb./oneself(to.),暴露某事物,/,某人,/,自己,(,给,),expose sb/sth,揭发某人,/,某事,be exposed to,暴露,exposeto,“,把,暴露于,之下（之中），使,受到,作用”,expose a child to books,exposed,adj.,暴露的，暴露于风雨中的，无掩蔽的,exposure,n,.,u,暴露；揭露，揭发,expose ones skin to the sun,使皮肤暴露于阳光,下,12,11.deadly,adj.,极端的，非常的；致命的，非常有效的；如,a deadly disease,顽症,adv.,极其，非常；,deadly serious,十分认真,die,vi.,死，死亡,dying,adj.,临死的,death,n.(c,u),死亡，死亡事件,dead,adj.,死的，无生命的,12.cure,n.,治愈,；痊愈,vt.,治愈；治疗,curable,adj.,可治愈的,a cure for.,针对,的治疗,cure sb.of sth.,改正某人的坏习惯；治愈某人的疾病,区别,cure/treat/heal,(1)treat,指通过药物、特别的食品或运动治病，,强调治疗过程，不一定治好。,13,treat sb.for sth,.,医治某人的病；还可作“对待，看待”讲，,treat.as,把,看作,/,视为。,(2),cure,意为,“治愈，痊愈”，特别指病后的恢复健康。其后可接表示疾病的名词或代词，也可接,sb.of,再加表示疾病的名词。另外，还可作“矫正，纠正”解，借喻指消除社会上某种不良现象或个人恶习等,。,(3),heal,意为“治愈”，多用于治愈外伤，如：,wound,cut,injury,burn,等。,拓展：,vt.,sb.,of sth.,结构的短语还有：,remind sb.of sth.,提醒某人某事,suspect sb.of sth.,怀疑某人某事,warn sb of sth,警告某人某事,14,rob sb.of sth.,抢了某人某物,convince sb of sth,说服某人某事,inform sb.of sth.,通知某人某事,deprive sb.of sth.,夺去某人某物,accuse sb.of sth.,控告某人某事,=,charge sb with sth,13.outbreak nc,（战争，疾病等）爆发；突然发生,break out,（战争，疾病等）爆发,短语,Tornado Outbreak,龙卷风爆发；,disease outbreak,疾病爆发,outlook n.,前景，展望；见解；景色；眺望处,v.,瞪着看，瞧；比,漂亮；用目光压倒,15,output,n.c,u,产量；输出；,计,输出信号,vt.,输出,outside,adv.,在外面；,n.c,外面；外侧；,adj.,外部的；集团外的；,prep.,在,向,的外面；,outstanding,adj.,杰出的；显著的；,outdoor,adj.,户外的，露天的；,喜欢户外活动的,14.challenge,n.c,挑战；怀疑,vt.,向,挑战,adj.,challenging,挑战的；引起挑战性兴趣的,challengeable,挑战性的,n.(c),challenger,挑战者,16,15,absorb,vt.,吸收，吸进,(,液体、气体等,),；理解，获取,(,信息,),；,吸引住某人的注意力或兴趣,absorb water(,take in),吸收水,absorb what sb.said,理解某人所说的话,absorb ones attention,吸引某人的注意力,be absorbed in.,全神贯注于,16,suspect,vt.,怀疑；不信任,nc,嫌疑犯；可疑对象,suspect sth,.,怀疑某事,suspect-that clause,怀疑,suspect sb.of(doing)sth,.,怀疑某人有某种罪行或做过某事,17,suspect sb.to be.,猜想某人是,17.enquiry,n.c,询问，,贸易,询盘,短语,enquiry list,询价单,Medication Enquiry,药物咨询,credit enquiry,信用查询,18.neighbourhood,n.,邻近；附近一带接近,=,neighbor,邻居,19.severe,adj.,严峻的；严厉的；剧烈的；苛刻的,severe punishment,从重处罚；严厉惩罚,severe weather,风雨交加的天气；恶劣的天气,18,20.clue,n.(c),线索；（故事等的）情节,vt.,为,提供线索；为,提供情况,短语,context clue,上下文线索；上下文,development clue,发展思路,21.pump,vt.(,用泵,),抽,(,水,),n.,泵，抽水机；打气筒,vi.,抽水,短语,water pump,水泵；抽水机；,app:ds:fire pump,消防,泵；灭火泵,19,22.foresee,vt.,预知，预见；有先见之明,Finally,I foresee a day when I can stay at home all day.,最后，当我整天呆在家里时，我都能预见一天会发生什么。,forecast,vt.,预报，预测；预示,n.,预测，预报；预想,vi.,进行预报，作预测,23.investigate,vt.vi.,调查；研究,n.c,investigation,调查；调查研究,adj.,investigative,研究的；调查的；好调查的,n.c,investigator,研究者；调查者；侦查员,20,24,blame,n,u&vt.,责备；责任,blame sb.for sth./doing sth.,因为某事责备某人,/,责备某人做了某事,blame sth.on sb.,把某事归咎于某人,be to blame(for),应,(,为,),承担责任；该,(,为,),受责备,(,此处用主动表被动,),accept/bear/take the blame for sth.,对某事负责任,put/lay the blame for sth.on sb.,将某事归咎于某人,21,25.pollute,Pollute Environment,污染环境,adj.,polluted,受污染的；被玷污的,n.,pollution,污染,26.handle,n.,把手；柄；,vt.,处理；操作,vi.,搬运；易于操纵,=do with=deal with,adj.,handling,操作的,handled,有把手的,nc,handler,处理者；管理者；拳击教练；,Please,fit a new handle,on my case.,请给我的箱子,配一个新把手,。,22,Do you know how to handle the machine?,你,知道这机器应怎样操作吗,?,You have to press on the handle,你必须用力压这个把手,27.link,vt.,把,与,连接；联系,n.,联系；连接；,The two towns are linked by a railway.,这两个乡镇由一条铁路连接起来。,【,归纳拓展,】,下列短语为同义,Link with =Linkand.(together),Link to,与,有关；与,相连接,How do you link to it?,你怎样连接到它？,23,2.,将,的思想,(,观念、想法等,),和,的思想,(,观念、想法等,),相联系：,1.,将,与,连接起来,The bridge links the island with the mainland.,这座桥将该岛和大陆连接起来。,28.announce,vt.,(1)announce,宣布；宣告,(,含有“预告”的意思,),，用,announce,说,个人要做某事,，常常含有“郑重其事”的意思。同义词,declare,宣布 用于正式场合,。,24,29.instruct,（,n.instructions,）,sb(in sth),教授某人学校课目,;,传授某人技巧,:,instruct a class(in history),教某班级（历史）,sb(about sth),向某人下命令或指示,;,指导,:,instruct sb about ones duties,向某人交待其责任,*,They havent instructed us where to go.,他们还未指示我们到何处去,.,25,*Ive instructed them to keep the room locked.,我已吩咐他们那房间要上锁,.,30.certainty,n.(u),必然；确实；确实的事情,with certainty,确定无疑的,n.,英国俚语,肯定无疑，有把握的事，没问题，确实的事情,adj.,certain,某一的；必然的；确信；无疑的；有把握的,pron.,certain,某些；某几个,by certain signs,根据某些迹象,26,31.responsible,rispnsbl adj.,1),负责的；应负责任的,2),有责任的；责任重大的,3),可靠的，可信赖的,短语,be responsible for,对,负责；如,Each student should be responsible for their own work and ONLY their own work.,每个学生应当对自己的课业负责，并且只能是他们自己的课业。,responsible officer,负责人员；项目负责人；,responsible government,负责任的政府；,27,32.construct,n.,（,u,）建设,n.,（,c,）建筑物,vt.,建设，修建,His company recently constructed an office building in,downtown,.,他的公司最近在,市中心,建造了一座办公楼。,website construct,网站建设,33,contribute,vt.&vi.,作贡献，捐献；投,(,稿,),contribution,n.,贡献，捐献，投稿,contributor,n.,捐助者；投稿人,contribute sth.to/towards,给,捐献,/,捐赠,make a contribution to.,为,作贡献,=,contribute to,28,33.apart from,除了,以外,拓展,take.apart,把,拆开,tell.apart,区分，辨别,set/put apart,留出,区别,apart from/in addition(to)/as well as/except/except for/except that/besides,1)apart from,除,之外,(,既可以表示,except,或,except for,，也可以表示,besides),2)in addition,也；另外；此外；还,(,相当于副词,besides),3)in addition to,除,以外还,(,相当于介词,besides),29,4,）,as well as,还；既,又,；也,(,相当于介词,besides),5,）,except(,but),除,之外,(,不包括在内,),6,）,except for,除,之外,(,强调有美中不足,),7,）,except that(what/when/where),除了,8,）,besides,除,之外,(,包括在内,),；况且；此外,注意,，,apart from,except for,都可用于句首，但,except,不能。,35.firework,n.(c),烟火,play,fireworks,放烟火,firework case,烟花盒,Firework Festival,烟花汇演,30,36.creative,adj.,创造性的,create,vt.,创造，创作；造成,So we have to be creative.,所以我们必须有创造性,creatively,adv.,创造性地；有创造力地,creature,n.,动物，生物；人；创造物,creation,n.,创造，创作；创作物，产物,creativity,n.,创造力；创造性,=,creativeness,创造性；才思,creator,n(c),创造者；创建者,31,37.co-operative,adj.,合作性质的；联营的,co-operative advertising,合作性广告；互助性告白,co-operative society,合作社,38.positive,adj.,积极的；肯定的；实际的，真实的；绝对,positively,adv.,肯定地；明确地；断然地,positivity,nu,积极性，确实,positiveness,nu,信心；肯定,Can you,be positive about,what you saw?,你能肯定你看得真切吗,?,32,Now I see that,unlike her,they were my positive models.,现在我知道了，那些人不像她，他们是我的正面的表率。,39.be strict with,be strict with oneself,严于律已,be strict with,s,b,.,对某人要求严格,be strict in sth,对某事要求严格,be strict with s,tudents,对学生要求严,格,40.make sense,讲得通；有道理；很有意义,make sense of sth.,懂；了解,的含义,make no sense,讲不通；无意义,in a sense,就某种意义而言；在某种意义上,in no sense,决不是；决非（句首部分倒装）,33,There is no sense,in,doing sth.,做,没必要,/,道理,a sense of,humor/safety,幽默感,/,安全感,common sense,常识,41.backward,adj.,向后的；反向的；发展迟缓的,backward students,后进生,adv.,向后地；相反地,adj.,back,后面的；过去的；拖欠的,n.,背部,research into teaching techniques to help backward children.,对帮助后进生的教学技巧的研究。,34,This country is going backward.,这个国家正在后退。,42.privately,adv.,私下地；秘密地,privately owned,n,私有的；私有公司,app:ds:Chat Privately,私聊,adj.pr,ivate,私人的；私有的；私下的,vt.pr,ivatize,使私有化；使归私有,43.spin,vt.&vi.,旋转；纺纱；吐丝；晕眩,vt.,使旋转；纺纱；编造；结网,n.,旋转；疾驰,adj.sp,inning,纺织的,sp,innable,可,纺织的,sp,inner,纺纱机；纺纱工人；,35,44.enthusiastic,adj.,热情的；热心的；狂热的,enthusiastic support,热情的支持,be enthusiastic about,对,充满热情,adv.,enthusiastically,热心地；满腔热情地,n.,enthusiasm,热心，热忱，热情,vi.,enthuse,热心,vt.,enthuse,使热心,45.cautious,adj.,谨慎的；十分小心的,adv.,cautiously,慎重地，谨慎地,n.,caution,小心，谨慎；警告，警示,cautiousness,谨慎；小心,vt.,caution,警告,36,46,reject,vt.,抛开；丢掉；拒绝，抵制,n,被拒绝或抛弃的人或物（,+doing/n/pron),提示：,reject,与,refuse,的区别,refuse,指拒绝别人的请求、帮助、邀请等，其后可跟不定式（,+to do/n./pron.),reject,不能用于拒绝别人的邀请或帮助，,其后不能跟不定式。,She refused(to accept)my gift.,She rejected my gift.,她拒绝接受我的礼物。,decline to do/doing/n./pron.,37,Thank you!,38,