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商务英语相关知识.doc

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出口方面的词汇:   出口信贷 export credit   出口津贴 export subsidy   商品倾销 dumping   外汇倾销 exchange dumping   优惠关税 special preferences   保税仓库 bonded warehouse   贸易顺差 favorable balance of trade   贸易逆差 unfavorable balance of trade   进口配额制 import quotas   自由贸易区 free trade zone   对外贸易值 value of foreign trade   国际贸易值 value of international trade   普遍优惠制 generalized system of preferences-GSP   最惠国待遇 most-favored nation treatment-MFNT   价格条件:   价格术语trade term (price term)   运费freight   单价 price   码头费wharfage   总值 total value   卸货费landing charges   金额 amount   关税customs duty   净价 net price   印花税stamp duty   含佣价price including commission   港口税port dues   回佣return commission .   装运港port of shipment   折扣discount, allowance   卸货港port of discharge   批发价 wholesale price   目的港port of destination   零售价 retail price   进口许口证import licence   现货价格spot price   出口许口证export licence   期货价格forward price   现行价格(时价)current price prevailing price   国际市场价格 world (International)Market price   离岸价(船上交货价)FOB-free on board   成本加运费价(离岸加运费价) C &F-cost and freight   到岸价(成本加运费、保险费价)CIF-cost,insurance and freight   交货条件:   交货delivery   轮船steamship(缩写S.S)   装运、装船shipment   租船charter (the chartered ship)   交货时间 time of delivery   定程租船voyage charter   装运期限time of shipment   定期租船time charter   托运人(一般指出口商)shipper, consignor   收货人consignee   班轮regular shipping liner   驳船lighter   舱位shipping space   油轮tanker   报关clearance of goods   陆运收据cargo receipt   提货to take delivery of goods   空运提单airway bill   正本提单original B\\\\L   选择港(任意港)optional port   选港费optional charges   选港费由买方负担 optional charges to be borne by the Buyers 或 optional charges for Buyers’ account   一月份装船 shipment during January 或 January shipment   一月底装船 shipment not later than Jan.31st.或shipment on or before Jan.31st.   一/二月份装船 shipment during Jan./Feb.或 Jan./Feb. shipment   在......(时间)分两批装船 shipment during....in two lots   在......(时间)平均分两批装船 shipment during....in two equal lots   分三个月装运 in three monthly shipments   分三个月,每月平均装运 in three equal monthly shipments   立即装运 immediate shipments   即期装运 prompt shipments   收到信用证后30天内装运 shipments within 30 days after receipt of L/C   允许分批装船 partial shipment not allowed partial shipment not permitted partial shipment not unacceptable 交易磋商、合同签订:   订单 indent   订货;订购 book; booking   电复 cable reply   实盘 firm offer   递盘 bid; bidding   递实盘 bid firm   还盘 counter offer   发盘(发价) offer   发实盘 offer firm   询盘(询价) inquiry;enquiry   交易磋商、合同签订:   指示性价格 price indication   速复 reply immediately   参考价 reference price   习惯做法 usual practice   交易磋商 business negotiation   不受约束 without engagement   业务洽谈 business discussion   限**复 subject to reply **   限* *复到 subject to reply reaching here **   有效期限 time of validity   有效至**: valid till **   购货合同 purchase contract   销售合同 sales contract   购货确认书 purchase confirmation   销售确认书 sales confirmation   一般交易条件 general terms and conditions   以未售出为准 subject to prior sale   需经卖方确认 subject to seller’s confirmation   需经我方最后确认 subject to our final confirmation   贸易方式:   INT (拍卖auction)   寄售consignment   招标invitation of tender   投标submission of tender   一般代理人agent   总代理人general agent   代理协议agency agreement   累计佣金accumulative commission   补偿贸易compensation trade (或抵偿贸易)compensating/compensatory trade (又叫:往返贸易) counter trade   来料加工processing on giving materials   来料装配assembling on provided parts   独家经营/专营权exclusive right   独家经营/包销/代理协议exclusivity agreement   独家代理 sole agency; sole agent; exclusive agency; exclusive agent   品质条件:   品质 quality 原样 original sample   规格 specifications 复样 duplicate sample   说明 description 对等样品 countersample   标准 standard type 参考样品 reference sample   商品目录 catalogue 封样 sealed sample   宣传小册 pamphlet 公差 tolerance   货号 article No. 花色(搭配) assortment   样品 sample 5% 增减 5% plus or minus   代表性样品 representative sample   大路货(良好平均品质)fair average quality   商检仲裁:   索赔 claim 争议disputes   罚金条款 penalty 仲裁arbitration   不可抗力 force Majeure 仲裁庭arbitral tribunal   产地证明书certificate of origin   品质检验证书 inspection certificate of quanlity   重量检验证书 inspection certificate of weight (quantity)   **商品检验局 **commodity inspection bureau (*.C.I.B)   品质、重量检验证书 inspection certificate 数量条件:   个数 number 净重 net weight   容积 capacity 毛作净 gross for net   体积 volume 皮重 tare   毛重 gross weight   溢短装条款 more or less clause   外 汇:   外汇 foreign exchange 法定贬值 devaluation   外币 foreign currency 法定升值 revaluation   汇率 rate of exchange 浮动汇率floating rate   国际收支 balance of payments 硬通货 hard currency   直接标价 direct quotation 软通货 soft currency   间接标价 indirect quotation 金平价 gold standard   买入汇率 buying rate 通货膨胀 inflation   卖出汇率 selling rate 固定汇率 fixed rate   金本位制度 gold standard 黄金输送点 gold points   铸币平价 mint par 纸币制度 paper money system   国际货币基金 international monetary fund   黄金外汇储备 gold and foreign exchange reserve   汇率波动的官定上下限 official upper and lower limits of fluctuation BEC初级商务英语写作:英文请假条的写法  首先,假条的上方还是应该按照半正式的格式写上如下信息:   To:假条是递给谁的   From:请假人   Date:写假条的日期(注意不是请假的日期)   Subject:写上请假字样   假条抬头范例如下:   To: Peter Stone, Manager   From: Lynn Chen, Financial Department   Date: April 2nd, 2004   Subject: Casual Leave of Absence   其次,在您的请假信第一段,应该开门见山但是有礼貌地提出请假。第一段要中心明确,写清您要请假的日期。   第一段范例如下:   Peter, I would like to know if I could ask for a casual leave of absence for one day on April 4th, this Wednesday.   然后,在假条的第二段,您应该简单明了陈述请假的原因事由。注意叙述清楚明白,并尽可能表示对此带来工作不便的歉意。   第二段范例如下:   This morning I received a telephone call from my dentist, urging me to come to his practice for immediate treatment of my teeth. I have been experiencing a stinging pain, depriving me of my sleep during the past fortnight. The situation could worsen, should infection occur.   Concerning my workload: As Wednesday is not as busy as the other weekdays, I think a one-day leave this Wednesday may be the best solution. I apologize for the inconvenience my absence from work may cause.   接着,在假条的最后一段,应写上您希望获得准假的句子,或者具体等候答复的时间。   最后一段范例如下:   Thanks. I will call you at 1:30p.m. or you can call me at any time.    BEC写作需掌握的70个关键句型 1. It作先行主语和先行宾语的一些句型 She had said what it was necessary to say. 2. 强调句型 It is not who rules us that is important, but how he rules us. 3. “All+抽象名词”或“抽象名词+itself”(very+形容词)| He was all gentleness to her. 4. 利用词汇重复表示强调 A crime is a crime a crime. 5. “something(much)of”和“nothing(little)of”“something of”相当于“to some  extent”,表示程度。在疑问句或条件从句中,则为“anything of ”,可译为“有点”,“略微等。”“译为毫无”,“全无”。“much of”译为“大有”,“not much of”可译为“算不上”,“称不上”,“little of”可译为“几乎无”。 something like译为“有点像,略似。” They say that he had no university education, but he seems to be  something of a scholar. 6. 同格名词修饰是指of前后的两个名词都指同一个人或物,“of”以及它前面的名词构一个形容词短语,以修饰“of”后面的那个名词。如“her old sharper of a father”,可译为:“她那骗子般的父亲”。 Those pigs of girls eat so much. 7. as…as…can(may)beIt is as plain as plain can be. 8. “It is in(with)…as in(with)” It is in life as in a journey. 9. “as good as…”相等于,就像,几乎如;实际上,其实,实在。 The merchant as good as promised the orphan boy, that he would  adopt him. 10.“many as well…as”和“might as well …as” “many as well…as”可译为“与其……,不如……,更好”,“以这样做……为宜”,“如同……,也可以……”等等。“might as well …as”表示不可能的事,可译为“犹如……”,“可与……一样荒唐”,“与其那样不如这样的好”等等。 One may as well not know a thing at all as know it imperfectly. 11.“to make…of”的译法(使……成为……,把……当作)I will make a scientist of my son. 12. oo…+不定式“,not(never)too…+不定式”,“too…not+不定式She is too angry to speak. 13. only(not, all, but, never) too …to do so ”和“too ready (apt) +  to do”结构中,不定式也没有否定意义,凡是“not”,“all”“but等字后+”too…to,“不定式都失去了否定意义,在”too  ready(apt) +to do“结构中,不定式也没有否定意义。 You know but too yell to hold your tongue. 14. ”no more …than…“句型A home without love is no more a home than a body without a soul is  a man. 15. ”not so much…as“和”not so much as …“结构,”not so much…as“=”not so  much as …“,其中as有进可换用but rather,可译为:”与其说是……毋须说是……“。而”not so much  as“=”without(not)even,“可译为”甚至……还没有“。 The oceans do not so much divide the world as unite it . 16. ”Nothing is more…than“和”Nothing is so …as“结构,”Nothing is  more…than“和”Nothing is so …as“都具有最高级比较的意思,”Nothing I“可换用”no“,”nobody“,”nowhere“,”little“,”few“,”hardly“,”scarcely“等等,可译为”没有…… 比……更为“,”像……再没有了“,”最……“等。 Nothing is more precious than time. 17. ”cannot…too…“结构,”cannot…too…“意为”It is impossible to overdo…“或者,即”无论怎样……也不算过分“。”not“可换用”hardly“,”scarcely“等,”too“可换用”enough“,”sufficient“等You cannot be too careful. 商务英语黄金句型: 1.Initiate a meeting 发起会议   I would like to hold a meeting in the afternoon about our development planning for the project A.   今天下午我建议我们就A项目的发展计划开会讨论一下。   I suggest we have a call tonight at 9:30pm (China Time) with you and Brown. Please let me know if the time is okay for you and Ben.   我建议我们今晚九点半和Brown小聚一下,你和Ben有没有空?   We’d like to have the meeting on Thu Oct 30. Same time.   十月三十号(周四),老时间,开会。   Let’s make a meeting next Monday at 5:30 PM SLC time.   下周一盐湖城时区下午五点半开会。   I want to talk to you over the phone regarding issues about report development and the XX project.   我想跟你电话讨论下报告进展和XXX项目的情况。   2. Seeking for more information/feedbacks/suggestions 咨询信息/反馈/建议   Shall you have any problem accessing the folders, please let me knows.   如果存取文件有任何问题请和我联系。   Thank you and look forward to having your opinion on the estimation and schedule.   谢谢你,希望能听到更多你对评估和日程计划的建议。   Look forward to your feedbacks and suggestions soon.   期待您的反馈建议!   What is your opinion on the schedule and next steps we proposed?   你对计划方面有什么想法?下一步我们应该怎么做?   What do you think about this?   这个你怎么想?   Feel free to give your comments.   请随意提出您的建议。   Any question, please don’t hesitate to let me know.   有任何问题,欢迎和我们联系。   Any question, please let me know.   有任何问题,欢迎和我们联系。   Please contact me if you have any questions.   有任何问题,欢迎和我们联系。   Your comments and suggestions are welcome!   欢迎您的评论和建议!   Please let me know what you think?   欢迎您的评论和建议!   Do you have any idea about this?   对于这个您有什么建议吗?   It would be nice if you could provide a bit more information on the user’s behavior.   您若是能够就用户行为方面提供更多的信息就太感激了!   At your convenience, I would really appreciate you looking into this matter/issue.   如果可以,我希望你能负责这件事情。   3. Give feedback 意见反馈   Please see comments below.   请看下面的评论。   My answers are in blue below.   我的回答已标蓝。   I add some comments to the document for your reference. 2010年商务英语考试(BEC)初级写作中的名言警句   要写好一篇书面表达,不仅要做到语句通顺,内容连贯,而且还应当利用各种手段增加亮点,以加深对读者的印象,使读者为之一振。一些与写作相关的名言警句、谚语格言等都可以成为很醒目的亮点,起到增光添彩的效果。例如,在说明成功的途径时,可以使用“All roads lead to Rome”(条条大路通罗马);在表达一个人的成功需要依靠自己的努力时,可以使用“God helps those who help themselves” (自助者天助之);如果强调早晨对学习的重要性,可以使用“An hour in the morning is worth two in the evening” (一日之计在于晨);强调人要有志向时,可以借用名言 “where there is a will, there is a way.” (有志者,事竟成)等。学生在平时的学习过程中可以适当记忆部分常用名言警句,以下是笔者结合多年的教学经验,列出的中、高考写作中最常用到的名言警句。 奋斗篇   1.Failure is the mother of success. 失败乃成功之母   2.Drops of water outwear the stone. 水滴石穿   3.Where there is a will, there is a way /   Nothing is impossible to a willing heart. 有志者事竟成   4.Genius only means hard-working all one’s life. 天才只意味着终身不懈的努力   5.No pain, no gain. 不劳不获   6.Diligence is the mother of success. 勤奋是成功之母   7.You have to believe in yourself.That’s the secret of success.相信自己,这是成功的秘诀   8.All things are difficult before they are easy. 万事开头难   9.God shuts one door but he opens another. 天无绝人之路。   10.If a thing is worth doing, it’s worth doing well. 凡值得做的事情都值得做好   11.Patient men win the day. 有耐心的人最终将会成功   12.A road of a thousand miles begins with one step. 千里之行始于足下   13.He who risks nothing, gains nothing. 不入虎穴,焉得虎子   14.If there were no clouds, we should not enjoy the sun. 吃得苦中苦,方为人上人   15.No sweet without sweat. 苦尽才能甘来   16.Water dropping day by day wears the hardest rock away. 水滴石穿   17.Adversity makes a man wise, not rich. 逆境出人才   18.Confidence in yourself is the first step on the road to success.自信是走向成功的第一步   19. Never say die. 永不言败   20. Rome is not built in a day. 冰冻三尺非一日之寒   21. Success belongs to the persevering. 坚持就是胜利   22.Genius is one percent inspiration and ninety-nine percent of perspiration.天才是百分之一的灵感加上百分之九十九的汗水   23.There are only two creatures, who can surmount the pyramids—the eagle and the snail.能够翻越金字塔的生物只有两种,一是雄鹰,一是蜗牛(毅力和天才在结果上有时候是相等的) 求知篇   1.Knowledge is power. 知识就是力量   2.Live and learn. 活到老,学到老   3.The more you know, the more you find you don’t know. 知之愈多,便觉知之愈少   4.Never teach a fish to swim. 切勿班门弄斧   5.Never too old to learn; never too late to turn. 学习不厌老,改过不嫌迟   6.Better sense is the head than cents in the pocket. 口袋里有钱不如头脑里有知识   7. The greatest artist was once a beginner. 最伟大的艺术家也曾是个初学者   8.It’s never too late to learn. 活到老,学到老   9.A good book is a good friend. 好书如同挚友   10. All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy. 只会学习不玩耍,聪明孩子也变傻   11. A young idler, and old beggar. 少壮不努力,老大徒伤悲   12. By reading we enrich the mind, by conversation we polish it.读书使人充实,交谈使人精明   13. Experience must be bought. 吃一堑,长一智   14. There is no royal road to learning. 学问无捷径   15. Imagination is more important than knowledge. 想象力比知识更重要   16. The empty vessels make the greatest sound. 满瓶不响,半瓶咣当   17. If you don’t learn to think when you are young, you may never learn.如果你年轻的时候没有学会思考,那么就永远学不会思考   18.There is only one good, knowledge, and one evil, ignorance.最有益的是知识,最有害的是无知 友谊篇   1.A friend in need is a friend indeed. 患难见真交   2.The only way to have a friend is to be one. 交友的唯一办法就是自己够朋友   3.Everything is good when new, but friend when old. 东西都是新的好,朋友还是老的亲   4.Friends agree best at a distance. 朋友之间保持一定距离最好   5.Welcome is the best dish. 诚心欢迎,胜过盛宴款待   6.A friend without faults will never be found. 没有十全十美的朋友   7.Birds of a feather flock together. 物以类聚,人以群分   8.Unity is strength. 团结就是力量   9.Many hands make light work. 众人拾柴火焰高   10. All the splendor in the world is not worth a good friend.人世间所有的荣华富贵都比不上身旁有一位好友   11. If you wish another to keep your secret first keep it to yourself.要让别人保守自己的秘密,首先得自己保密 健康篇   1.Good health is above wealth. 健康比财富更重要   2.Health is better than wealth. 家有万贯钱,不如身体健   3.An apple a day keeps the doctor away. 每天一苹果,医生别烦我   4.A close mouth catches no flies. 病从口出,祸从口入   5.A sound mind is in a sound body. 健康的心理寓于健康的身体。   6.A light heart lives long. 豁达者长寿   7.The first wealth is health. 健康是人生的第一财富   8.Early to bed and early to rise, makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise.早睡早起会使人健康、富有和聪明 惜时篇   1.Never put off till tomorrow what may be done today.今日事,今日毕   2.Opportunity knocks at the door but once. 机不可失,失不再来   3.Time and tide waits for no man. 岁月不待人   4.Fools look to tomorrow, and wise men use tonight. 愚人指望明天,智者利用今晚   5.Time is money; time is life. 时间就是金钱,时间就是生命   6.Early birds catch the worms. 早起的鸟儿有虫吃   7.Busiest men find the most time. 最忙碌的人找得出最多的时间   8.All time is no time when it is past. 光阴一去不复返   9.An hour in the morning is worth two in the evening. 一日之计在于晨   10. Christmas comes but once a year. 佳节良辰,机会难得   11. Every day is not Sunday. 好景不常在,好花不常开   12. Better early than late. 宁早勿迟   13. Time fleets away without delay. 光阴似箭,一去不返   14. One can’t put
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