资源描述
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javamail HelloWork
下面程序发送邮件消息,它需要三个命令行参数
SMTP Server
From Email Address
To Email Address
例如: java Example smtp.mailserver form@ to@
import java.util.Properties;
import javax.mail.*;
import javax.mail.internet.*;
public class MailExample
{
public static void main(String args[])
throws Exception
{
String host=args[0];
String from=args[1];
String to=args[2];
//Get system properties
Properties props=System.getProperties();
//Setup mail server
props.put("mail.smtp.host",host);
//Get Session
Session session =Session.getInstance(props,null);
//Define message
MimeMessage message=new MimeMessage(session);
message.setFrom(new InternetAddress(from));
message.addRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO,
new InternetAddress(to));
message.setSubject("Hello JavaMail");
message.setText("Welcome to JavaMail");
//send message
Transport.send(message);
}
}
javamail 发送附件的例子
import java.util.Properties;
import javax.mail.*;
import javax.mail.internet.*;
import javax.activation.*;
public class AttachExample {
public static void main (String args[])
throws Exception {
String host = args[0];
String from = args[1];
String to = args[2];
String fileAttachment = args[3];
// Get system properties
Properties props = System.getProperties();
// Setup mail server
props.put("mail.smtp.host", host);
// Get session
Session session =
Session.getInstance(props, null);
// Define message
MimeMessage message =
new MimeMessage(session);
message.setFrom(
new InternetAddress(from));
message.addRecipient(
Message.RecipientType.TO,
new InternetAddress(to));
message.setSubject(
"Hello JavaMail Attachment");
// create the message part
MimeBodyPart messageBodyPart =
new MimeBodyPart();
//fill message
messageBodyPart.setText("Hi");
Multipart multipart = new MimeMultipart();
multipart.addBodyPart(messageBodyPart);
// Part two is attachment
messageBodyPart = new MimeBodyPart();
DataSource source =
new FileDataSource(fileAttachment);
messageBodyPart.setDataHandler(
new DataHandler(source));
messageBodyPart.setFileName(fileAttachment);
multipart.addBodyPart(messageBodyPart);
// Put parts in message
message.setContent(multipart);
// Send the message
Transport.send( message );
}
}
使用javamail发信过程中的一些问题及解决方法
今天在研究javamail发信的过程中,出现了一些小问题,现总结如下,以免后来者走些不必要的弯路,先把完整的能够正常运行的代码示例粘贴如下:
发邮件源代码:
package com.hyq.test;
import java.util.Properties;
import javax.mail.*;
import javax.mail.internet.*;
public class MailExample {
public static void main (String args[]) throws Exception {
String host = ""; //发件人使用发邮件的电子信箱服务器
String from = "你自己的电子信箱"; //发邮件的出发地(发件人的信箱)
String to = "收件人信箱"; //发邮件的目的地(收件人信箱)
// Get system properties
Properties props = System.getProperties();
// Setup mail server
props.put("mail.smtp.host", host);
// Get session
props.put("mail.smtp.auth", "true"); //这样才能通过验证
MyAuthenticator myauth = new MyAuthenticator("你自己的电子信箱", "你自己的信箱密码");
Session session = Session.getDefaultInstance(props, myauth);
// session.setDebug(true);
// Define message
MimeMessage message = new MimeMessage(session);
// Set the from address
message.setFrom(new InternetAddress(from));
// Set the to address
message.addRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO,
new InternetAddress(to));
// Set the subject
message.setSubject("测试程序!");
// Set the content
message.setText("这是用java写的发送电子邮件的测试程序!");
message.saveChanges();
Transport.send(message);
}
}
校验发信人权限的方法
package com.hyq.test;
import javax.mail.PasswordAuthentication;
class MyAuthenticator
extends javax.mail.Authenticator {
private String strUser;
private String strPwd;
public MyAuthenticator(String user, String password) {
this.strUser = user;
this.strPwd = password;
}
protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication() {
return new PasswordAuthentication(strUser, strPwd);
}
}
注意:上面的事例仅为使用163信箱时发送电子邮件的方法,因为使用的host为:,如源代码中:String host = ""; //发件人使用发邮件的电子信箱服务器,如果使用其它的电子邮件发送,就必须在其邮件服务器上查找相应的电子邮件服务器,例如搜狐就要使用,具体情况具体对待,都可以从所使用的邮件服务器上获得的。如果没有使用host ,也就是说,没有进行props.put("mail.smtp.host", host);设置,那么就会抛javax.mail.MessagingException: Could not connect to SMTP host: localhost, port: 25;的异常。当然了,如果你没有正确配置,这个异常仍然会被抛出的。
有些邮件服务系统是不需要验证发件人的授权的,所以可以很简单的使用
Session session = Session.getDefaultInstance(props, null);
而不必使用
props.put("mail.smtp.auth", "true");
MyAuthenticator myauth = new MyAuthenticator("你自己的电子信箱", "你自己的信箱密码");
Session session = Session.getDefaultInstance(props, myauth);
就可以发送电子邮件了,这个多为一些企事业单位的内部电子信箱系统。
但是对于很多门户网站上的电邮系统,如:163,sohu,yahoo等等,如果仍然简单的这样使用就会抛
com.sun.mail.smtp.SMTPSendFailedException: 553 authentication is required,smtp8,wKjADxuAyCAfmnZE8BwtIA==.32705S2
at com.sun.mail.smtp.SMTPTransport.issueSendCommand(SMTPTransport.java:1388)
at com.sun.mail.smtp.SMTPTransport.mailFrom(SMTPTransport.java:959)
at com.sun.mail.smtp.SMTPTransport.sendMessage(SMTPTransport.java:583)
at javax.mail.Transport.send0(Transport.java:169)
at javax.mail.Transport.send(Transport.java:98)
这样的异常,要求你必须进行授权校验,它的目的就是阻止他人任意乱发邮件,也算是为了减少垃圾邮件的出现吧。这时候,我们就要使用
props.put("mail.smtp.auth", "true");
MyAuthenticator myauth = new MyAuthenticator("你自己的电子信箱", "你自己的信箱密码");
Session session = Session.getDefaultInstance(props, myauth);
这里还有一个特别注意的事情:在你使用Session.getDefaultInstance时,一定要将 props.put("mail.smtp.auth", "true"); 置为true,它默认的是false,如果你没有做这一步,虽然你使用了Session.getDefaultInstance(props, myauth);,你自己也确实 MyAuthenticator myauth = new MyAuthenticator("你自己的电子信箱", "你自己的信箱密码");但是它仍然会抛出
com.sun.mail.smtp.SMTPSendFailedException: 553 authentication is required,smtp8,wKjADxJA2SBrm3ZEFv0gIA==.40815S2
at com.sun.mail.smtp.SMTPTransport.issueSendCommand(SMTPTransport.java:1388)
at com.sun.mail.smtp.SMTPTransport.mailFrom(SMTPTransport.java:959)
at com.sun.mail.smtp.SMTPTransport.sendMessage(SMTPTransport.java:583)
at javax.mail.Transport.send0(Transport.java:169)
at javax.mail.Transport.send(Transport.java:98)
这样的异常。我就在这一步费了好长时间,后来才发现了这个问题,很是郁闷。不过还好,总算解决了。
其实上面的做法只是比较简单的一种,也有很多其它的写法,如:
Properties props = System.getProperties();可以使用
Properties props = new Properties();来代替。
Transport.send(message);可以使用下面的代码来代替
String username = "你的电子信箱用户名";
String password = "你的电子信箱密码";
message.saveChanges(); // implicit with send()
Transport transport = session.getTransport("smtp");
transport.connect("", username, password);
transport.sendMessage(message, message.getAllRecipients());
transport.close();
这种方法在同时发送多封电子邮件时比较有用。
还有一些具体的相关概念,可以查看相关的官方文档,在我查询资料时,发现了一篇文章写得相当仔细,可以加以参考:
另附上使用mons.mail进行发电子邮件的示例:
import mons.mail.SimpleEmail;
import mons.mail.*;
public class TestCommon {
public TestCommon() {
}
public static void main(String[] args){
SimpleEmail email = new SimpleEmail();
email.setHostName("");//设置使用发电子邮件的邮件服务器
try {
email.addTo("收件人信箱");
email.setAuthentication("发件人信箱","发件人信箱密码");
email.setFrom("发件人信箱");
email.setSubject("Test mons.mail message");
email.setMsg("This is a simple test of commons-email");
email.send();
}
catch (EmailException ex) {
ex.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
发送三种类型的附件
前面我们已学会了发送一般文本邮件和超文本邮件,今天我们将让大家学会编写三种类型的附件的邮件
发送程序.(注:撰写界面仍然用前面的)
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=GB2312" %>
<%request.setCharacterEncoding("gb2312");%>
<%@ page import="java.util.*,javax.mail.*"%>
<%@ page import="javax.mail.internet.*"%>
<%@ page import="javax.activation.*"%><!--要发送附件必须引入该库-->
<%@ page import=".*"%><!--要用到URL类-->
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=gb2312">
<title>发送成功</title>
</head>
<body>
<%
try{
String tto=request.getParameter("to");
String ttitle=request.getParameter("title");
String tcontent=request.getParameter("content");
Properties props=new Properties();
props.put("mail.smtp.host","127.0.0.1");
props.put("mail.smtp.auth","true");
Session s=Session.getInstance(props);
s.setDebug(true);
MimeMessage message=new MimeMessage(s);
//给消息对象设置发件人/收件人/主题/发信时间
InternetAddress from=new InternetAddress("xxf@");
message.setFrom(from);
InternetAddress to=new InternetAddress(tto);
message.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO,to);
message.setSubject(ttitle);
message.setSentDate(new Date());
Multipart mm=new MimeMultipart();//新建一个MimeMultipart对象用来存放多个BodyPart对象
//设置信件文本内容
BodyPart mdp=new MimeBodyPart();//新建一个存放信件内容的BodyPart对象
mdp.setContent(tcontent,"text/html;charset=gb2312");//给BodyPart对象设置内容和格式/编码方式
mm.addBodyPart(mdp);//将含有信件内容的BodyPart加入到MimeMultipart对象中
//设置信件的附件1(自定义附件:直接将所设文本内容加到自定义文件中作为附件发送)
mdp=new MimeBodyPart();//新建一个存放附件的BodyPart
DataHandler dh=new DataHandler("JavaMail附件测试","text/plain;charset=gb2312");
//新建一个DataHandler对象,并设置其内容和格式/编码方式
mdp.setFileName("xxf.txt");//加上这句将作为附件发送,否则将作为信件的文本内容
mdp.setDataHandler(dh);//给BodyPart对象设置内容为dh
mm.addBodyPart(mdp);//将含有附件的BodyPart加入到MimeMultipart对象中
//设置信件的附件2(用本地上的文件作为附件)
mdp=new MimeBodyPart();
FileDataSource fds=new FileDataSource("g:/xx.txt");
dh=new DataHandler(fds);
mdp.setFileName("dd.txt");//可以和原文件名不一致
mdp.setDataHandler(dh);
mm.addBodyPart(mdp);
//设置信件的附件3(用远程文件作为附件)
mdp=new MimeBodyPart();
URLDataSource ur=new URLDataSource(new URL("http://localhost:8080/jspstudy/email/xx.gif"));
//注:这里用的参数只能为URL对象,不能为URL字串,在前面类介绍时有误(请谅解),这里纠正一下.
dh=new DataHandler(ur);
mdp.setFileName("ss.txt");
mdp.setDataHandler(dh);
mm.addBodyPart(mdp);
message.setContent(mm);//把mm作为消息对象的内容
message.saveChanges();
Transport transport=s.getTransport("smtp");
transport.connect("127.0.0.1","xxf","coffee");
transport.sendMessage(message,message.getAllRecipients());
transport.close();
%>
<div align="center">
<p><font color="#FF6600">发送成功!</font></p>
<p><a href="recmail.jsp">去看看我的信箱</a><br>
*----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*
一下是完整可以运行的例子:
第一个是一般信件sendMailOne(),第二个是带附件sendMailTwo(),
package com;
import javax.swing.SwingUtilities;
import java.awt.BorderLayout;
import javax.swing.JPanel;
import javax.swing.JFrame;
import java.awt.Dimension;
import java.util.Properties;
import javax.activation.DataHandler;
import javax.activation.DataSource;
import javax.activation.FileDataSource;
import javax.mail.*;
import javax.mail.internet.*;
import javax.swing.JButton;
import java.awt.Rectangle;
import javax.mail.PasswordAuthentication;
public class JavaMail extends JFrame {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
private JPanel jContentPane = null;
private JButton jButton = null;
private JButton jButton1 = null;
/**
* This method initializes jButton
*
* @return javax.swing.JButton
*/
private JButton getJButton() {
if (jButton == null) {
jButton = new JButton();
jButton.setBounds(new Rectangle(91, 480, 142, 33));
jButton.setText("发送一");
jButton.addActionListener(new java.awt.event.ActionListener() {
public void actionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent e) {
System.out.println("actionPerformed()"); // TODO Auto-generated Event stub actionPerformed()
sendMailOne();
}
});
}
return jButton;
}
/**
* This method initializes jButton1
*
* @return javax.swing.JButton
*/
private JButton getJButton1() {
if (jButton1 == null) {
jButton1 = new JButton();
jButton1.setBounds(new Rectangle(462, 480, 128, 34));
jButton1.setText("发送二");
jButton1.addActionListener(new java.awt.event.ActionListener() {
public void actionPerformed(java.awt.event.ActionEvent e) {
System.out.println("actionPerformed()"); // TODO Auto-generated Event stub actionPerformed()
sendMailTwo();
}
});
}
return jButton1;
}
/**
* @param args
*/
public static void main(String[] args) {
// TODO 自动生成方法存根
SwingUtilities.invokeLater(new Runnable() {
public void run() {
JavaMail thisClass = new JavaMail();
thisClass.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
thisClass.setVisible(true);
}
});
}
/**
* This is the default constructor
*/
public JavaMail() {
super();
initialize();
}
/**
* This method initializes this
*
* @return void
*/
private void initialize() {
int width=700;
int height=600;
this.setSize(700, 600);
this.setBounds(250, 100, 700, 600);
this.setContentPane(getJContentPane());
this.setTitle("发送邮件");
}
/**
* This method initializes jContentPane
*
* @return javax.swing.JPanel
*/
private JPanel getJContentPane() {
if (jContentPane == null) {
jContentPane = new JPanel();
jContentPane.setLayout(null);
jContentPane.add(getJButton(), null);
jContentPane.add(getJButton1(), null);
}
return jContentPane;
}
public String sendMailOne()
{
try{
String host="";
String from="panyongzheng@";
String to="106110454@";
MyAuthenticator myauth = new MyAuthenticator("panyongzheng@", "77185201314");
// String host="";
// String from="106110454@";
// String to="panyongzheng@";
// MyAuthenticator myauth = new MyAuthenticator("106110454@", "015989005206");
System.out.println("Start Send Mail...................");
// Get system properties
Properties props=System.getProperties();
// Setup mail server
props.put("mail.smtp.host",host);
props.put("mail.smtp.auth", "true");
//MyAuthenticator myauth = new MyAuthenticator("panyongzheng@", "77185201314");
// Get Session
Session session = Session.getDefaultInstance(props, myauth);
//Session session =Session.getInstance(props,null);
// Define message
MimeMessage message=new MimeMessage(session);
message.setFrom(new InternetAddress(from));
messa
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