江苏省南京市2018年中考英语语法复习 被动语态.doc

被动语态
①一般现在时的被动 am/is are done
句式 ②一般过去时的被动 was/were done
be+过去分词 ③一般将来时的被动 will be done/be going to be done
④ 情态动词的被动 情态动词+ be done

基本用法

①主谓宾 eg: The workers built a ship.（主动）→The ship was built by the workers.

变化类型 ②主谓双宾 eg:I sent him a present.（主动）→（被动）A present
被动语态 was sent to him by me./He was sent a present by me.
③主谓宾宾补 eg: He left the door open.（主动）→（被 动）The door was left open by him.

使役动词被动加to： （使役动词一感：feel二听：hear,
listen to三让：let, make, have四看：see, watch, notice,
主动变被动的特殊结构 look at）
不及物动词及短语没有被动
语态
主动形式表被动意义： ‚系动词一般不用于被动语态中
ƒsell, read, write, wash, 等词和副词连用常用主动表被动，表示事物的性质特征
④“need/want / require +doing”
表被动，等同于“need/want /
require + to be done”结构

2016年一模题组
①一般现在时的被动 am/is are done
【2016溧水区】1.The pet dog is warm and loving, It ______ as a daughter of my family.
A. treats B. is treated C. treated D. was treated
考点：时态语态 B
【2016秦淮区】2. Nanjing International Plum Blossom Festival ______ between February and March every year.
A. held B. is held C. was held D. will be held
考点：时态与语态 B

②一般过去时的被动 was/were done
【2016六合区】3. Leonardo DiCaprio an Oscar for Best Actor for his role in the film The Revenant in January, 2016.
A. presents B. has presented C. presented D. was presented
考点：被动语态 D

③一般将来时的被动 will be done/be going to be done
【2016建邺区】4. The 2016 Summer Olympic Games _____ in August in Rio, Brazil.
A. was held B. is held C. will hold D. will be held
考点：被动语态 D
【2016联合体】5. I’m glad to know that Nanjing Metro Line 4 next year.
A. is built B. was built C. will be built D. built
考点：一般将来时的被动语态 C
【2016玄武区】6．— It’s said that the project we are looking forward to ______ out in our school this weekend.
—Great! I can’t wait to take part in it!
A．will be carried B．will carry C．being carried D．Carrying
考点：一般将来时的被动 A

④一般将来时的被动、情态动词与主将从现结合考察。
【2016江宁区】7. —Excuse me, sir. When can we visit the museum?
—Not until it next month.
A. repairs B. will repair C. is repaired D. will be repaired
考点：时态 C
【2016高淳区】8. —Hobo，can I eat the hamburger？
—Sure，if the dishes ．
A．wash B．are washed C．will wash D．will be washed
考点：被动语态 B

2017年一模题组

①一般现在时的被动 am/is are done
【2017年 江宁一模】1. —Listen! It’s the popular song, The Little Apple, again.
—Yes. It _________every morning when aged people do square dancing downstairs.
A. is played B. plays C. was played D. played
答案 A

【2017年 鼓楼一模】2. ---What is the most popular TV programme this year, Li Hua?
---I think Readers that ______ by CCTV.
A. is held B. are held C. is holding D. are holding
【答案】：A
【解析】：被动语态的考查。答句中关系代词that指代的是Readers这个节目。节目与CCTV之间是被动关系，Readers是一个节目名称，是单数；因此选择A项。

②一般过去时的被动 was/were done

【2017年 建邺一模】3. —A speech on Indian culture in our school hall yesterday afternoon.
—What a pity! I missed it.
A. gives B. gave
C. was given D. will be given
答案 C

③一般将来时的被动 will be done/be going to be done
【2017年 秦淮一模】4. As a new kind of transport service, public bicycles ______ in more Chinese cities in the following years.
A. use B. are used C. will use D. will be used
【答案】D
【解析】被动语态的考查，根据句意可知自行车被使用，应该是被动语态；根据in the following years判断出一般将来时。

2018年一模题组
①一般现在时的被动 am/is are done

【2017年 溧水一模】1. On April Fools’ Day, we play jokes on friends. The jokes and their victims __________ April Fools.
A. call B. are calling C. called D. are called
【答案】D
【2018年 鼓楼一模】2.—Hello. This is Sunshine Police Station. Can I help you?
—A car crashed into a tree and the driver was badly hurt. A doctor ▲ (want) here.
答案：is wanted
【2018年 秦淮一模】3. President Xi Jinping tells all Chinese that great life ▲ (create) by hard work.

答案： is created

②一般过去时的被动 was/were done
【2018年 玄武一模】4. Tiangong-1 _______ space on Sept 29, 2011. It re-entered the Earth’s atmosphere on April 2, 2018.
A. sent into B. was sent into C. sends into D. is sent into
答案 B

③一般将来时的被动 will be done/be going to be done
【2018年 联合体一模】5. Badminton World Championships 2018 ________ (hold) in Nanjing from 30th July to 5th August.
答案：will be held

④一般将来时的被动、情态动词与主将从现结合考察。
【2018年 建邺一模】6. —Do you know when we will leave for Hong Kong?
—I'm not sure．I will tell you about it when the time .

A. is fixed B. fixed C. will be fixed D. will fixed

答案 A
【2018年 鼓楼一模】7.—My father works in Pukou. He spends much time driving home every day.
—Don’t worry about that. It’ll be easier when the Yangtze River Bridge_____.
A. repairs B. will repair C. is repaired D. will be repaired
答案 C

从考试题目来看，各个区的单选中都考察了被动语态的用法，主要集中在一般现在、一般过去和一般将来的被动形式。对于双宾语和使役动词的被动都没考察。
被动语态的考察，也常常涉及时态的考察，往往会出现明确的时间状语，如yesterday，every morning，或者通过语境可推测出时间。
被动语态往往结合当年的时政热点进行考察，比如2016年的巴西奥运会，地铁四号线，2018年的羽毛球世界锦标赛。也可能结合大众文化，如小苹果这首流行歌曲，因此授课时，可以结合时政进行知识点的讲解。

针对于单词拼写
被动语态：一般过去时和一般将来时的被动语态，主要考察的是过去分词的拼写。
【2016高淳区一模】1. We will be ▲ (punish) if we take no action to protect the environment.
考点：被动语态（8B U7 U8）punished
【2016建邺区一模】2.Leo helped the famous ballet dancer out of a fire and the news was ▲ (传播) in the city quickly.
考点：9B U3 spread
【2017年 江宁一模】3. My life has changed a lot since I was ▲ (分开) from my family five years ago.
答案：separated
【2017年 鼓楼一模】4. My brother is a big fan of Messi. A huge picture of Messi is ______（悬挂）in his bedroom.
【答案】：hung / hanging
【解析】：考查基础词汇的拼写。
【2017年 鼓楼一模】5. All the tourists were deeply ______(impress) by the great beauty of the view from the top of the mountain.
【答案】：impressed
【解析】：考查固定词组中的被动语态。be impressed by sth.

被动语态中对于过去分词拼写的考察也是重要的考点，因此复习的时候，一定要让学生背诵、默写不规则动词过去式的表格。