专题03代词-(练习版).docx

考查点
全国新高考卷
全国卷
命题分析

2022
2021
2020
2022
2021
2020
人称代词
物主代词
反身代词
指示代词

卷I ，64题
卷I，42题
卷II，45题
乙卷，70题
乙卷，63题

卷I，70题
代词主要在语法填空中考查，其考查点主要为人称代词、物主代词、反身代词等在语境中的运用。不定代词偶尔也会涉及。试卷的设计注重语境，要求考生结合语境和句子结构解题。
it

不定代词

卷I，69题

考点1、人称代词 物主代词 反身代词 指示代词及疑问代词的用法
分考点1. 人称代词
Point ：人称代词的形式和用法

单数
复数

主格
宾格
主格
宾格
第一人称
I
me
we
us
第二人称
you
you
you
you
第三人称
it/she/he
it/her/him
they
them
人称代词的主格和宾格在句中作不同的成分，主格多作句子主语,有时用作表语；宾格用在及物动词或介词后作宾语，也可作表语或同位语。在口语中,常用人称代词的宾格作表语。
To really understand a man we must judge him in misfortune.
要真正了解一个人,我们必须要在不幸中考察他。(主格we作主语;宾格him作宾语)
分考点2. 物主代词
Point ：物主代词的形式和用法

第一人称
第二人称
第三人称

单数
复数
单数
复数
单数
复数
形容词性物主代词
my
our
your
your
its/his/her
their
名词性物主代词
mine
ours
yours
yours
its/his/hers
theirs

形容词性物主代词置于名词之前，起修饰作用，表示“…的”，在句中作定语。名词性物主代词相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”，在句中作主语、表语或宾语。
The main difference between our brains and those of monkeys is that ours are bigger.
我们的大脑和猴子的大脑之间的主要差别在于我们的要大些。(our作定语,修饰brains;;ours在表语从句中作主语,相当于 our brains)
分考点2. 反身代词
Point 1：反身代词的形式和用法

单数
复数
第一人称
myself
ourselves
第二人称
yourself
yourselves
第三人称
himself/herself/itself
themselves
oneself也是反身代词。反身代词多在句中作宾语、表语或同位语。
Self-image is your own mind's picture of yourself.
自我形象是你内心对自己的印象。(作宾语)
She is not quite herself today.
她今天身体不太舒服。(作表语)
She herself heard him say so yesterday.
她昨天亲耳听他这么说的。(作同位语)
Point 2：含有反身代词的习惯用语
(1) 与介词连用
by oneself独自地 for oneself亲自 in oneself本质上;本身 of oneself自动地
(2)与动词连用
come to oneself 苏醒;恢复知觉 dress oneself 打扮;自己穿衣
devote oneself to 致力于;献身于 behave oneself 举止规矩有礼;检点
apply oneself to 专心致志于 help oneself to 随便吃/用
enjoy oneself 玩得开心 make yourself at home 别客气
seat oneself 就座；入席 adapt/ adjust oneself to 适应于
teach oneself 自学 speak to oneself 自言自语
think for oneself 独立思考
分考点4. 指示代词
常用的指示代词有this , that , these , those 。另外为了学习的方便，我们把so ， such 也归到这一类。
Point 1：指示代词this that these those 的用法
(1) this意为“这；这个”，复数为 these，指刚提到的人、事物、想法或刚发生的事情。that意为“那；那个”,复数为 those,,指已经提到或已经知道的人、事物、想法等。
The boy was afraid and the dog had sensed this.
男孩害怕了,狗已经察觉到这一点。(this指前面提到的 The boy was afraid这件事)
"We've been cheated, she said. Those were her exact words.
她说:“我们被骗了。”那是她的原话。
(2)this/ these一般指时间或空间上较近的人或物；that/ those常指时间或空间上较远的人或物。
 I think you'' 'll find these more comfortable than those.我想你会觉得这些比那些更舒适。( these近指, those:远指)
【特别注意】
(1)this可用于指将要说的或将要发生的事情，起启下的作用；that则指前面说过或发生的事情,起承上的作用。
I want to tell you this: The English party will be held on Saturday afternoon..
我要告诉你的是:这次英语派对将在周六下午举行。
He hurt his leg yesterday. That's why he didn't come.
昨天他摔伤了腿。那就是他没来的原因。
(2) that, those可以作替代词,代替前面提到过的名词,以避免重复。that或 those指代前面的名词时，后面总是跟限定语。
They first found 10 overweight and inactive but otherwise healthy young men whose lifestyles are representative，
 of those of most of us.
他们首先找到了10个超重的、不活跃但健康的年轻人,他们的生活方式代表了我们大多数人的生活方式。
Point 2：such的用法
such意为“上述一类;诸如此类;这种;这类”,指代前面所叙述的人或事物,在句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语。such作主语时,谓语动词的单复数取决于其后的名词的数。
In such a situation, I work as hard as I can-then let the unconscious take over
在这种情况下,我会尽最大努力工作一一然后便交由潜意识处理。
Such are my friends who will never fail to help me when needed.
我的朋友们就是这样，永远会在我需要他们时伸出援手。
Point 3：so的用法
(1) 意为“如此；这样”，代替一个句子或短语所表达的内容，以避免重复。
----Have you handed in your homework?
----I did so yesterday.
一你的作业交了没有?
---我的作业昨天就交了。
(2)在 believe，think，expect，suppose，imagine，guess等词后用so代替前文提出的观点，既可用于肯定句中，也可用于否定句中。
---Is James coming tonight?
---I don't think so.
---詹姆斯今晚会来吗?
---我想他不会来。
【特别注意】
so用在 I hope,,I' m afraid后，代替前文提出的观点,只能用在肯定句中；若是否定，则用 I hope not.或I'm
afraid not。
分考点5. 疑问代词
Point ：疑问代词的形式和功能

主语
宾语
表语
定语
跟of短语
指人
主格
who
√
√
√

宾格
whom

√

√
所有格
whose
√
√
√
√

指物
which(也可指人）
√
√
√
√
√
what
√
√
√
√

【归纳总结】
（1）常用what 疑问的句型
What is the height /weight /depth /length /width / size? 高度/重量/深度/长度/ 宽度/尺寸是多少？
What is the population?人口是多少？
What is the distance ? 距离是多远？
What is the price ? 价格是多少？
What is your address ? 你住在哪儿？
What is your attitude? 你的态度是怎样的？
（2） what 的其他常见句型：
What about......?.......怎么样？（用于提出建议或询问对方的情况）
What （...）for? 为什么（......）?（用于询问原因或目的）
What if...? 如果......怎么办？（用于引出条件）
So what ? 那又怎样？（表示某人对没事无所谓或认为某事不重要）
分考点6. It 的用法
Point 1指代提到过的或正在谈论的动物或事物,及已知或正在发生的事实或情况等。
●Some of my friends who had been there before said it was wonderful holiday destination..
我的一些朋友以前去过那里,他们说那儿是一个很棒的度假胜地。
Point 2指时间、距离、日期、天气、温度等,用作主语。
●It is six miles from here to the nearest hospital.
从这儿到最近的医院有6英里。(指距离)
● It is early spring,, but it is already very hot.
现在是初春,但天气已经很热了。(第一个It指时间,第二个t指天气)
Point 3当说话者弄不清对方是谁或不清楚说话又对象的性别时,也常用it指代。
●---Someone is knocking at the door.
---Who can it be?
-----有人在敲门。
-----会是谁呢?
Point 4 作形式主语或形式宾语。
(1) 代替不定式、v.-ing形式、名词性从句。
●Susan made it clear to me that she wished to make a new life for herself..
苏珊和我讲清楚了,她希望开始自己的新生活。(it是形式宾语, that she wished to...是真正的宾语)
●It felt very funny watching myself on TV.
看到自己上电视非常有趣。(It作形式主语, watching myself on TV是真正的主语)
(2)常用it作形式主语的句式有:
It is a pity/ shame that.........真可惜
It is no wonder that..…不足为奇
It seems/ appears that.........似乎/看来…
It looks/ seems as if/ as though.......看起来好像…
It happens that.......碰巧…
It occurs to//comes to/ strikes//hits sb.........that.某人突然想起…
It is said/ reported that.......据说/据报道…
It is certain that...……是一定的。
It is no use/ good doing......做……没有用/好处。
It takes sb..... some time to do.做…...花费某人一些时间。
●It is certain that every effect must have a cause.
每个结果必定有其原因,这一点是确定的。
●It took her a while to come around to the opinion that using nutria fur for her creations is morally acceptable..
她花了一段时间才改变心态,接受这个观点,即在她的创作中使用海狸鼠皮从道德层面是可以接受的。
Point 5表示“喜欢”、“恨”等情感倾向的动词后面接it，构成固定结构“动词+it+that/if/when.......”,这类动词有
enjoy, prefer, love, like, hate, dislike, appreciate等。
●I'd appreciate it if you could let me know in advance whether or not you will come.
如果能提前告诉我你是否能来,我会不胜感激。
●I hate it when people talk with their mouths full.
我讨厌人满嘴食物时说话。
Point 6 用于强调句:“It is/was+被强调部分+that..."。被强调部分指人时,也可以用who代替that。
●“ Success is success but that is all that it is,,”Dr. Petroski writes.. It is failure that brings improvement..
彼得罗斯基博士写道:“成功就是成功,但也就只有这些了。”正是失败带来进步。
Point7熟记下列含it的常用短语或句型
make it 获得成功；赶上
See to it that... 确保…
count on// rely on/ depend on it that... 相信…
as someone puts it像某人所说的那样
When it comes to........ 当涉及/谈到…
I can't help it.(.......) 我没办法/情不自禁(…..)。
I take it that..... 我认为…
It's (high)time that sb. should do/did sth. 是某人该做某事的时候了。
It's the first/second/... time that sb. have/has done sth. 这是某人第一次/第二次/第…次做某事了。
It is/ has been.. ..since..... 自从……已过了…时间了。
It will be/was... before..... 要过…时间才在…之前已过了……时间。
●See to it that you're ready on time! 请你务必按时准备好!
●You can depend on it that he is helpful to you. 他对你有帮助,你可以相信这一点。
●I'm also tightfisted when it comes to shoes, clothes for my children,, and expensive restaurants.
当涉及孩子们的鞋子和衣服以及昂贵的餐厅时,我也会很小气。
分考点7. 不定代词
Point 1 both /neither /either /all / none / any 的区别

都
都不
任何一个
两者之间
both
neither
either
三者或三者以上
all
none
any

There are many trees on ____ side of the river . A. both B.any C.either D.all
注: 1). both 的否定词是neither , all的否定词是none.
2).both of 作主语时,谓语动词用复数.
neither of作主语时, 谓语动词用单数.
Neither of the answers ______(be) right .
Both of my parents _______(be) workers.
3).词组
A) both …and …连接两个主语时,谓语动词用复数. 同义词组:not only …but also …
反义词组: neither … nor …
Not only you but also she likes watching TV.= ____ you _____ she like watching TV .= You like watching TV , _____ _____ she .
B) either …or … 或者……或者…… , neither…nor… 既不……也不…… 连接两个主语时,谓语动词实行就近原则.
Neither you nor he ______ (be ) right .
One of Lily and Lucy is going to the park. = _____ Lily _____Lucy _____ going to the park.
C) either 也可用于否定句中的 “也”
D) neither 也可表示 “ 也不” 句型: neither … sb 某人也不怎么样.
If you don’t go there , _____ _____ I . (我也不去)
4) how many /how much 的回答:用none回答.
Who 的回答:用no one 回答.
What 的回答:用nothing 回答.
How many students are there in the classroom ? __________.
Who can answer the question ? _______.
A. None B.No one C.Nothing
Point 2 each / every 的区别
each 表示两者或两者以上的人或物中的每一个.而every 表示三者或三者以上的人或物中的每一个.
There are trees and frowers on _____ side of the street .
______ student has read a story .
注:each 可以与of 连用, each of 作主语时,谓语动词用单数.而every 不能与of 连用.只能放在名词前作定语.
Each of us _______(study )hard .
Point 3 other /the other /others /the others 的区别

(空)后面没有名词
(空)后面有名词
有数量限制(特指)
the others
the other
没有数量限制(泛指)
others
other

注: 1) one …the other … 表示两者之间的一个……另一个……
2) some… others… 表示一些…… 一些……
3) another 表示三者以上的不确定数目中的另一个. 只能修饰可数名词的单数.
但 another +数字+ 复数名词= 数字+ more +复数名词 表示 “ 另外几个……”
Would you like ______ apple ?
I have two brothers , one is a teacher , _________ is a worker .
Some are cleaning the classroom , ______ are sweeping the window .
There are 20 teachers in our school . Eight of them are men teachers ,and _____ are women teachers
Point 4 a few /few /a little /little 的区别

表否定(几乎没有)
表肯定(有一点/几个)
修饰可数名词
few
a few
修饰不可数名词
little
a little

The story is easy to read . there are _____ new words in it .
Hurry up ! There is _____ time left .
Point 5复合不定代词.

some
any
no
every
thing
something
anything
nothing
everything
one
someone
anyone
no one
everyone
body
somebody
anybody
nobody
everybody

温馨提示：
1.复合不定代词作主语时, 谓语动词用单数.
2.形容词修饰不定代词时, 形容词放在不定代词之后.
3.动词不定式修饰不定代词时, 动词不定式放在不定代词之后.
4.复合不定代词用于反义疑问句中,
1)指人的不定代词, 其反义疑问句中的主语用he 或they .
2)指物的不定代词, 其反义疑问句中的主语用 it .
5.any ,anything ,anyone, anybody 也可用于肯定句中,表示 “任何……/任何物/任何人”
●Everyone has a chance to win. 每个人都有机会赢。
●The doctor said there was nothing wrong with me. 医生说我什么毛病也没有。
【知识拓展】复合不定代词构成的习惯搭配:
nothing but 仅仅；只是 anything but 决不 or something诸如此类的人或物
something of 有几分;略微 something else 别的东西；另外一件事 for nothing. 免费

1、（2022年全国高考乙卷）The Chinese Ancient Tea Museum was officially unveiled (揭幕) at the ceremony, opening __________ (it)first exhibition: The Avenue of Truth — A Special Exhibition of Pu’er Tea.
2、（2021年新高考八省联考）She was extremely pretty, and her house was a reflection of 61． （she）, everything in good taste and in perfect order.
3、（2021年全国高考乙卷）Ecotourism has 63． (it)origin with the environmental movement of the 1970s.
4、（2021年新高考I卷）and it will always stick in the visitor’s memory. It sure does in 64． (I).
5、（2020年海南高考）Readers are encouraged to continue exploring the digital world with the guidance of65． （we）Further Resources section featured in each volume.
6、（2020年全国高考）As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine 67． (they) living at a different time in history or walking through a rainforest.
7、（2020年全国高考）Data about the moon’s composition, such as how much ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether 70． (it) plans for a future lunar (月球的) base are practical.

1．Do not have a drink or take drugs to calm ____________ (you) down. (所给词的适当形式填空)
2．（2022·江西·模拟预测）________ (it) large size and round face are also adaptations to its bamboo diet. (所给词的适当形式填空)
3．（2022·广西桂林·二模）Netizens were fascinated by the video’s ________ (amaze) combination of winter sports and traditional Chinese characters, highlighting ________   （they) own unique characteristics and placing them alongside a wide range of sporting venues and cultural elements, including New Year paintings, Peking Opera, and ink-and-wash paintings. (所给词的适当形式填空)
4．Always keep __________ in mind that a measure of hope will take you through the unpleasant situation. （用适当的词填空）
5．My son was excited, but I felt helpless. I didn’t have that kind of money. __________ was going to cost $300! （用适当的词填空）
6．At that moment a young lady who noticed my book came up to me and introduced __________.（用适当的词填空）
7．Anyway, for more and more consumers, cash is no longer __________(they) habit. （所给词的适当形式填空）
8．Jiang’s parents will help take care of Jiang’s daughter, and as they age, Jiang and his wife will help take care of __________(they). （所给词的适当形式填空）
9．In __________(him) forties, he was tired of his various businesses. （所给词的适当形式填空）
10．The full moons on Jan. 2 and Jan. 31 will be super __________(one) and even they’ll be blue super moons. （所给词的适当形式填空）
11．________can be good at something for 40 years if he doesn’t love it. (用适当的词填空)
12．Some of my friends who had been there before said________was a wonderful holiday destination. (用适当的词填空)
13．A study shows the students who are engaged in after-school activities are happier than ________ (that) who are not. (所给词的适当形式填空)
14．This actor often has the first two tricks planned before performing, and then goes for ________ (what). (所给词的适当形式填空)
15．An important factor affecting happiness is the tendency to compare one’s situation with ________ of other people. （用适当的词填空）
16．Taking regular exercise is one good way to help us keep fit and having a balanced diet is________ . （用适当的词填空）
17．He lent me a few books, but________ of them are easy to read. （用适当的词填空）
18．I came across a good friend of ________ (I) in the square the other day, but we didn’t talk much because he was rushing to catch the bus . （所给词的适当形式填空）
19．Nowadays, school safety is a hot issue. I think this is a phenomenon,________ calling for our great concern.（用适当的词填空）
20．Generally, people define a successful life as being happy, healthy, and able to enjoy life to________ (it）fullest. （所给词的适当形式填空）
21．In his letter, he thanked________ (I) for my appreciating his work. （所给词的适当形式填空）
22．—My ruler is broken. Can I borrow________ (you)? （所给词的适当形式填空）
—Of course. Here________ is.
23．________ is believed that it was his ability to work under pressure that led to his great success. (用适当的词填空)
24．Despite________ (he) old age, Jack is still in better shape than many young men. （所给词的适当形式填空）
25．I hate________ when she calls me at work-I’m always too busy to carry on a conversation with________(she). （所给词的适当形式填空）
26．Recently, as ________ (I) grandmother became ill, I found ________ (I) spending more time in the hospital. (所给词的适当形式填空)
27．She recognized ________ (I) potential and showed me that I could write with creativity and showed me that I could write with creativity and enthusiasm. （所给词的适当形式填空）
28．You can ask anyone for help.​ ________here is willing to lend you a hand. （用适当的词填空）
29．Raise your leg and let ________stay in the air for seconds. （用适当的词填空）
30．Besides , people on the WeChat are more likely to compare​(they) ________ with others ,which will make them feel bad when finding some people seem to be successful. （所给词的适当形式填空）
31．Some people buy cloth shoes out of nostalgia (怀旧), while________(other) trust their quality. (所给词的适当形式填空)
32．Each medal has c