专题-09-盘中知世界：花园小径--2023年高考英语外刊时文精读精练.docx

2023年高考英语外刊时文精读精练 (9)
World in a dish: The garden path
盘中知世界：花园小径
主题语境：人与自我 主题语境内容：健康的生活方式

【外刊原文】（斜体单词为超纲词汇，认识即可；下划线单词为课标词汇，需熟记。）
IMAGINE A plate holding two strawberries, identical in appearance. One came out of a supermarket box, meaning it was probably harvested when it was still not ripe, immediately placed in a forced-air cooling unit, loaded onto a  truck and driven hundreds of miles. By the time it reached the plate it may have been picked for two weeks. The other strawberry was picked from a garden minutes before being eaten.
The first one will probably taste like a slightly mushy(软踏踏的) cucumber with strong sour flavors. The second is likely to be sweet; the flavour will linger in the mouth, as the scent(香味) will on the hands. Supermarket strawberries are not entirely without advantages: they are convenient and available in the northern hemisphere(半球) in February. But the two berries differ from each other in the same way that hearing Bach’s Mass in B Minor in a concert hall differs from listening to it on a  cassette(磁带). The home-grown fruit is an eatable case for cultivating a home garden.
Your columnist argued gardening a twee(矫揉造作的) waste of time. Planting cool-weather greens, as gardeners across the north-east of America are now doing, can seem make no sense. Convenient, continuous well-stocked supermarket shelves are available all week, in many places supplemented on weekends by farmers’ markets. But the same could be said of cooking: cheap and good restaurants around, so why bother to make your own meals?
That attitude misunderstands the ultimate appeal of gardening: it mistakes the product for the purpose. It is true that a garden can yield peas that taste like the vibrant(生机勃勃的), green spring; tomatoes and carrots of incomparable sweetness; lettuces and herbs that taste like themselves rather than the plastic they are usually packaged in; and potatoes with richness of earth itself. Growing your own vegetable ensures a reliable supply.
On the other hand ,a garden, especially in the early years, can also yield little but frustration. Beginners may plant the wrong crops for their soil. Squirrels have a habit of taking single bites of cucumbers, beans and tomatoes, then leaving the rest on the vine to rot(腐烂). And even expert gardeners can lose a season’s harvest to uncooperative weather.
No matter. The real joy of gardening is the time spent doing it. The deepest pleasure—as with cooking, writing, bringing up children or almost anything worthwhile—is in the work itself. A gardener’s memories revolve not around the food produced, but around long summer afternoons with hands in the dirt, surrounded by family, if the garden is at home, or deepening acquaintances with friends and neighbours in a community garden. To garden is to patiently, lovingly and diligently help life flourish, in the ground and above it.​

【课标词汇】
1. identical完全相同的；极为相似的
I've got three identical blue suits.我有三套完全相同的蓝色西装。
The two rooms were virtually identical.这两个房间几乎一模一样。
2. appearance外表，外观；外貌；样子
There was nothing unusual about/in her physical appearance.她的外表并没有甚么特别之处。
They are similar in appearance.他们外表相像。
3. harvest收割，收获，捕获
In the US, winter wheat is harvested in the early summer.在美国，冬小麦一般在初夏收割。

4. load装，装载
How long will it take to load this sand onto the lorry?把这些沙子装上货车需要多长时间？
 Emma loaded all the groceries into the car.埃玛把所有的食品杂货装进车里。

5. pick采摘，采集（花朵，果实，蔬菜）
I went to pick some flowers for Jenny's room.我去给詹妮的房间摘些花。
Amy picked a small bunch of wild flowers. 埃米采了一小束野花。

6. linger逗留，多停留
She lingered in the yard, enjoying the warm sunshine.她在院子里多待了一会儿，享受一下温暖的阳光。
It's impossible to forget such horrific events - they linger (on) in the memory forever.这样恐怖的事件让人难以忘记——它们会永远留在人们的记忆中。

7. convenient便的；便利的；省事的
A bike's a very convenient way of getting around.骑脚踏车四处走动很方便。
It 's very convenient that you live near the office.你们住在办公室附近很方便。

8. differ不同，不一样，有区别
The twins look alike, but they differ in character.这对双胞胎长得相像，但性格却不同。
 People differ from one another in their ability to handle stress. 在应对压力方面人们的能力各不相同。

9. cultivate耕作；栽培；种植
The villagers cultivate mostly maize and beans.村民们主要种植玉米和豆类。

The land was too rocky to cultivate.这块地石头太多，无法耕作。

10. make sense有意义，表述清晰，易于理解;是明智的，有道理
   Read this and tell me if it makes sense. 读读这篇东西，告诉我通不通。
   Why did she do a thing like that? It doesn't seem to make sense.她为什么做那种事情？这似乎讲不通。

11. supplement增加，补充，增补
He supplements (= adds to) his income by working in a bar in the evening.他晚上在酒吧打工以增加收入。
I suggest supplementing your diet with vitamins E and A.我建议你在日常饮食中补充些维生素 E 和维生素 A。

12. appeal 吸引力；感染力；魅力
Spielberg films have a wide appeal.史匹柏的影片广受欢迎。
Parties on river-boats have lost their appeal since one sank last year killing thirty-three people.去年一艘游船沉没导致33人丧生，从那时起，河上泛舟游乐会已失去了吸引力。
13. yield产生；出产；得出
Favourable weather yielded a good crop.好天气带来了好收成。

Our research has only recently begun to yield important results.直到最近我们的研究才开始取得重要成果。

14. incomparable无与伦比的，无双的
•incomparable beauty/skill举世无双的美丽／技艺

15. rather than 而不是
•Rather than criticizing your husband, why not find out if there’ s something wrong? 不要指责你的丈夫，为什么不查看一下是不是什么地方出了问题呢？
•We want the matter settled sooner rather than later. 我们想尽快解决问题，不想拖到以后再办。

16. package装箱; 将…包装好〔准备出售或寄出〕:
  The videos were packaged up, ready for distribution.这些录像带已经包装完毕，可以付运了。

 The orders were already packaged up, ready to be sent. 订货已包装好待运。

17. ensure确保；保证
The airline is taking steps to ensure safety on its aircraft.航空公司正在采取措施以确保其航班的飞行安全。
 The hospital tries to ensure that people are seen quickly.这家医院尽量确保人们可以迅速看病

18. reliable可信赖的；可靠的；真实可信的
•reliable information可靠资讯

Miller was a quiet and reliable man.米勒是个话不多且可靠的人。
  •a reliable friend 可信赖的朋友

19. frustration（因不能满足需求而）沮丧或不自信；令人沮丧或不自信的事物
I could sense his frustration at not being able to help.我可以感觉到他因无力帮忙而心感沮丧。

 In spite of his frustrations, he fell in love with the country.尽管懊恼，但他还是爱上了这个国家。

20. cooperative乐于合作的；协作的；配合的
I've asked them not to play their music so loudly, but they're not being very cooperative.我叫他们不要把音乐声放得这么大，可是他们不肯合作。

He was doing his best to be cooperative.他在尽全力配合。

21. pleasure愉快，欢乐；满意；欣慰；乐事
It was such a pleasure to meet you.见到你很荣幸。
She smiled with pleasure at being praised.受到称赞，她高兴地笑了。

22. bring up 养育；抚养；养大

His grandmother and his father brought him up...是他的祖母和父亲把他养大的。
We'd been brought up to think that borrowing money was bad...我们从小就被教导借钱是不好的行为。

23. worthwhile值得的；值得花钱（或时间、精力）的
 The smile on her face made it all worthwhile. 她脸上的笑容使得这一切都非常值得。

 It didn't seem worthwhile writing it all out again. 把这再都写出来似乎不必要。

24. revolve以…为中心；以…为主题；围绕…
The conversation revolved around childcare problems.这次会谈的中心议题是儿童保育方面的问题

 She seems to think that the world revolves around her (=that she is the only important person) 她似乎认为整个世界都以她为中心。

25. surround围绕，环绕
He loves to surround himself with family and friends.他喜欢与家人和朋友在一起。

Snow-capped mountains surround the city.白头积雪的群山环绕着这座城市。
Gwen sat at her desk, surrounded by books and papers.格温坐在桌前，周围堆满了书和报纸。

26. deepen加深；（使）变深
One way of preventing further flooding would be to deepen the river bed.防止洪水再次泛滥的一个办法是深挖河床。
The sea bed deepens here to 5000 metres.此处的海床变深至5000米。
27. acquaintance了解，知悉
It was at the Taylors' party that I first made his acquaintance (= first met him).我是在泰勒家的聚会上初次和他相识的。

Sadly, my acquaintance with Spanish literature is rather limited.可惜，我对西班牙文学所知相当有限。

28. diligent勤奋的，勤勉的，细致而坚持不懈的
After diligent searching, he found a parcel.在努力搜寻之后，他发现了一个小包。
Leo is very diligent in/about his work.利奥工作非常勤奋。
29. flourish茁壮成长；繁荣；蓬勃发展
Watercolour painting began to flourish in Britain around 1750.1750年左右，水彩画开始在英国兴盛起来。

Most plants will flourish in the rich deep soils here.大多数植物在这里的肥厚土壤中都会茁壮成长。

【课标词汇精练】
根据语境，从上面的“课标词汇”和“重点短语”中选用合适的单词及其正确形式将句子补充完整。
1. Let's up the car and then we can go.
2. We some blackberries to eat on the way.
3. The tests are to those carried out last year.
4. He had the of a college student.
5. After , most of the crop is stored in large buildings.
6. Most of the land there is too poor to .
7. It to save money while you can.
8. The investigation some unexpected results.
9. •Doug chose to quit admit that he’ d made a mistake.
10. The code informs us where and when a product . 
11. The role of the police is (that) the law is obeyed.
12. After the play had finished, we for a while in the bar hoping to catch sight of the actors.
13. Our local shop has very opening hours.
14. His views considerably from those of his parents.
15. Jeanne liked Simon as a friend but she did not want the relationship .
16. The pupils had little with the language.
17. Their lawyer was extremely in preparing their case.
18. She considers teaching a career.
19. Jane's life around her children.
20. The hotel by its own gardens.
21. My tomatoes this summer - it must be the warm weather.
22. Some vegetarians like their diets with iron tablets.
23. The President said the visit would develop friendly and relations between the two countries.
24. His visits gave his grandparents such
25. He in North Yorkshire...
Keys:
1.load把东西都装上车吧，这样我们就可以走了。
2.picked我们采了一些黑莓在路上吃。
3. identical 这些测试和去年进行的完全相同。
4.appearance 他的模样就像个大学生。
5. harvesting收割之后，大部分庄稼都被储存在大仓库里。
6. to cultivate那里大部分土地太贫瘠，无法耕种。
7.makes sense钱能省就省，这是明智的做法。
8.yielded调查得出了一些出乎意料的结果。
9.rather than道格选择放弃而不是承认他犯了错
10.was packaged这个代码告诉我们一件产品的包装地和包装时间。
11. to ensure员警的职责就是确保人们遵守法律。
12.lingered戏演完后我们在酒吧里等了一会儿，希望能与演员见上一面。
13. convenient我们当地的商店营业时间很合宜。
14.diffe他的观点与其父母大相径庭。
15.to deepen作为朋友珍妮很喜欢西蒙，但她不想让这种关系加深。
16.acquaintance学生们对这语言不了解。
17.diligent律师为他们这个案子做了认真扎实的准备。
18.worthwhile她把教书看成是一项值得从事的事业。
19.revolves 简的生活以孩子为中心。
20.is surrounded饭店周围环绕着花园。
21. are flourishing今年夏天我的番茄长势很好——这一定是天气暖和的原因。
22.to supplement有些素食主义者喜欢在饮食之外吃一些含铁的药片。
23.cooperative总统说这次访问将会促进两国之间的友好合作关系。
24.pleasure他来探望爷爷奶奶，这让他们非常开心。
25.was brought up他是在北约克郡长大的。
【译文】
想象一下，一个盘子里装着两个外观一模一样的草莓。其中一个是超市的盒装草莓，这意味着在这个草莓尚未成熟之时，人们就进行了采摘，随即把它放入强制风冷装置中，而后通过车运载草莓到数百英里外。等到草莓摆到盘子中，距离它摘下来可能已经过去了两周。而另一个草莓则是刚从园子里摘下来的，人们在几分钟后就会吃掉它。
第一个草莓的口感可能有点像软塌塌的黄瓜，有着浓烈的酸味。第二个草莓则可能甘甜芬芳，吃起来唇齿留香、手有余香。超市里的草莓也并非完全一无是处：在北半球，人们二月份就可以方便地买到草莓。但这两种草莓彼此不同，就好比在音乐厅里听巴赫的B小调弥撒曲和在老旧的磁带上听是不同的体验。自家种植的水果可食用就是打造家庭菜园的理由之一。
本专栏作家长期以来认为园艺只是一项矫情又浪费时间的活动，并怀着一种皈依者般的热忱提出这一论点。就像现在美国东北部的园丁们所做的那样，种植适合寒冷气候的绿叶蔬菜似乎毫无意义。超市的货架上果蔬一整周都供应不断且购买方便，很多地方周末还有农贸市场提供补给。同样的道理也适用于烹饪：物美价廉的餐馆比比皆是，又何必费心亲自下厨呢？
这种观点将产品误认为目的，曲解了园艺的最终魅力。的确，自家菜园种出来的豌豆能够品味出春天的生机勃勃、绿意盎然；番茄和胡萝卜无比鲜甜；生菜和香草尝起来就是它们本身的味道，而非包装袋的塑料味；还有沾满松软泥土的马铃薯。自己种植蔬菜可以保证菜源供应稳定。
另一方面，家庭菜园可能产出很少，尤其是在早期，这往往给人们较大的打击。新手园丁种植的作物可能不适合在其土壤上生长。令人恼火的是，松鼠习惯在黄瓜、豌豆和西红柿上咬一口，剩下的那部分就只能留在藤蔓上腐烂。即使是专业的园丁也可能因天公不作美导致整个季度颗粒无收。
不过没关系。园艺真正的乐趣在于花在园艺上的时间。和烹饪、写作、抚养孩子或者几乎任何值得做的事情一样，最深层次的快乐就是事情本身。一个园丁回忆的往往不是种植的食物，而是那漫长的夏日午后，双手沾满泥土，如果菜园恰好在家里，那么周围还有家人陪伴；或者，在社区菜园里增进和朋友邻居的关系。园艺就是用耐心、爱心、勤勉帮助生命在这片土地上生根发芽、茁壮成长。
【背景知识】
园艺“普园艺”一般是指与园地活动有关的工作。随着现代化城乡的发展，高楼林立，道路纵横，地面空间逐渐减少，如何利用城镇居民房前屋后以及屋顶、室内、窗台、阳台、围墙等零星空间或区域，配合城市建设，美化庭院，加速绿化，已经越来越受到广大人民群众的重视。