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Unit 5重点单词变形,词组,短语,句型练习
(知识点全覆盖)
Ⅰ. 核心单词
1. ____________ prep. 即使; 尽管
2. ____________ n. 态度; 看法
3. ____________ vt. & vi. 雕刻
4. ____________ adj. 主要的; 重要的; 大的 n. 主修课程; 主修学生 vi. 主修; 专门研究
5. ____________ n. 方式; 方法; 途径
6. ____________ n. 尊重; 关注vt. 把……视为; 看待
7. ____________ n. 文字; 符号; 角色; 品质; 特点
8. ____________ n. 公共事务; 事件; 关系
9. ____________ n. & vi. 斗争; 奋斗; 搏斗
10. ____________ vt. 恳求; 祈求; 哀求
Ⅱ. 拓展单词
1.reference n.指称关系;参考→ vi.提到;参考;查阅 vt.查询;叫……求助于
2.based adj.以(某事)为基础的→ vt.以……为基础 n.底部;根据→
n.基础→ adj.基础的
3.variety n.异体;多样化→ v.变化;不同→ adj.各种各样的
4.major adj.主要的 n.主修课程;主修学生 vi.主修→ n.大多数
5.global adj.全球的;全世界的→ n.地球;地球仪
6.appreciate vt.欣赏;感激;领会→ n.感激;欣赏→ adj.感激的
7.beg vt.恳求;祈求→ n.乞丐
8.equal n.同等的人;相等物 adj.相同的;同样的→ adv.平等地→ n.平等
9.demand n.要求;需求 vt.强烈要求;需要→ adj.要求高的
10.description n.描写(文字);形容→ vt.描述
11.relate vt.联系;讲述→ adj.相关的→ n.关系→ n.关系
III.核心短语
1. ____________ 注意
2. ____________ 既不……也不……
3. ____________ 追溯到
4. ____________ 不再
5. ____________ 在……扮演角色; 发挥重要作用
6. ____________ 谈到; 指的是; 描述; 查阅
7. ____________ 浮沉; 兴衰; 荣辱
8. ____________ 观点; 看法
9. ____________ ……有困难
10. ____________ 与……相关; 涉及; 谈到
一、用单词的适当形式完成句子
1.When travel around our country, you will hear__________________( variety) of dialects here and there.
2.Solid friendship is___________ ( base) on mutual trust.
3.___________(compare) with my deskmate, I am proud of what I did.
4.I really appreciate___________(have) time to relax with you on this nice island.
5.Do you still remember the day ______ we came to the city?
6.I don’t know the reason ______ he failed to attend the party.
7.Here I sincerely express my _________ (appreciate) if you could help find the lost suitcase.
8.Mike and his deskmates have agreed to treat the test _________ (equal).
9.My brother entered the hall and demanded _________ (tell) the truth.
10.Many people in the area died from accidents _________ (relate) to drinking alcohol.
11.While modeling business is rather difficult to get into,the good model will always be _________demand.
12.There is no doubt that the earth is becoming warmer and that it is human activities that have caused this __________(globe) warming.
13.You'd better learn some __________(base) Chinese before you come to our school. Only in this way can you get used to the life here soon.
14.The __________ (major) of the students came to visit their teacher when he was ill.
15.Her boss was very __________ (demand) but appreciative of her talents.
16.There are __________(variety)toys in the toy store.
17.I’d appreciate ____________if you could let me know in advance whether or not you will come.
18.The map is of great _____________(important) to you if you want to travel around in the city.
19.Men and women must be treated ___________ (equal) in education and employment.
20.This report offered the most specific ________ (describe) of the problems.
21.What is your attitude __________ senior high students taking up a parttime job?
22.The moment I turned back, the homeless people _____________(beg) for food.
23.Apple come in a great many ____________(variety).
24.She made no __________(refer) to her illness but only to her future plans.
25.Nome’s town officials came up ________ a plan.They would have the medicine sent by rail from Anchorage to Nenana.
26.The workers demanded that they ___________(get) better pay and conditions. (虚拟语气)
27.We should take part in ________ (various) of sports to build up our body.
28.In my opinion, nobody but him is equal ________ the job, because he masters good skills in it.
29.Becoming fluent ________ a language will take years, but learning to get by takes a lot less.
30.Until today we have reached a stage ____________we have almost no rights at all.
31.Light industry is closely ______ (relate) to agriculture.
32.I struggled ______ (keep) my head above the water.
33.It is a ______ (demand) role and she needs to work hard at it.
34.The researcher says the tiger is native ______ India.
35.She speaks English with a good ______ (pronounce).
36.He refused to tell us the reason ________he gave up the full scholarship.
37.The small mountain village ________ we were volunteer teachers lies in the south of the town.
38.We are living in a time ________ many things are done on computer.
39.The teachers are waiting for the bus to the school ________ they give lessons as volunteers every Friday.
40.She demanded that he ________ (return) the books he had borrowed from her.
二、根据汉语意思填写单词
41.He gave a____________(描述) of what he had seen.
42.Most of the __________(公寓)in the high-rise building have heat in winter.
43.The main __________ (因素) in deciding whether or not to do so is the size of your project.
44.______ (尽管) all our efforts, we still lost the game, which made us very disappointed.
45.He recommended me a________(经典的) book on Buddhism.
46.You all know who I am ___________(提及) to when I say “that nice man”.
47.Flying makes enormous _____________(要求) on pilots.
48.There are thousands of people like him in the city, ________(乞讨) on the street.
49.I wrote down the name of the hotel for further _________ (查阅).
50.Are you a ________(本族的) speaker of English?
51.It was____________ (以……为基础) more on German than the English we speak at present.
52.Mandela has become a __________ (象征) of the blacks fighting against the whites in South Africa.
53.They have almost spent as much as one________(十亿) dollars on this project.
54.The professor told his students to ________(联系) theory with practice.
55.Scar is a cruel and dangerous ________ (角色) in The Lion King.
56.Her hands were folded in an __________ (态度,看法) of prayer.
57.Not everyone has realized that wildlife has thoughts, feelings and most importantly, ________ (平等的) rights to survive.
58.Energy is always a ________(全球性的) issue and countries need to work together.
59.She clawed her way to the top of her ____________(专业).
60.We are supposed to take part in a ___________(多样性 变化) of after-school activities.
三、完成句子
61.传统相声表演追溯到秦朝,已使中国人笑了千百年。
_________ _________ _________the Qin dynasty, the traditional crosstalk shows have made people all over China roar with laughter for centuries.
62.这就是我喜爱迪士尼乐园的原因。
This is the reason why I _____________ _____________ ____________ Disneyland.
63.这部电影以一个真实故事为基础,非常受欢迎。(一句多译)
(1)The film ____________, and it is very popular.
(2)____________, the film is very popular.
64.水果对我们的健康非常有益。(be of+抽象名词)
Fruits are _________________.
65.你尽早回信我将感激不尽。(根据汉语提示完成句子)
________________________as soon as possible.
四、用单词的适当形式完成短文
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Animators(动画片制作人) are bringing endangered native ____66____(language) back to life. The 3D animations are part of Monash University’s Wunungu Awara project, ____67____ has already made 17 films telling stories from all over ____68____ country in their traditional languages. Project manager Fred Leone said the work ____69____(think) highly of “because without language, the culture stops ____70____(exist)”. Estimates of the number of native languages vary, but more than 250 languages is a ____71____(universal) accepted number. However, only around 120 are still ____72____ use and about 90 percent of these are endangered. If a language is not being learned by children, it means it is in danger of ____73____(extinct). The Wunungu Awara project started in 2011 when founder, John Bradley, ____74____(speak) to Yanyuwa elders and discovered they wanted a way _____75_____(preserve) the language and pass it on to the next generation in a way that was interactive for young people. “Hopefully, more animators will join in the effort in the near future”, said Fred.
参考答案:
Ⅰ. 核心单词
1. despite prep. 即使; 尽管
2. attitude n. 态度; 看法
3. carve vt. & vi. 雕刻
4. major adj. 主要的; 重要的; 大的 n. 主修课程; 主修学生 vi. 主修; 专门研究
5. means n. 方式; 方法; 途径
6. regard n. 尊重; 关注vt. 把……视为; 看待
7. character n. 文字; 符号; 角色; 品质; 特点
8. affair n. 公共事务; 事件; 关系
9. struggle n. & vi. 斗争; 奋斗; 搏斗
10. beg vt. 恳求; 祈求; 哀求
Ⅱ. 拓展单词
1.reference n.指称关系;参考→refer vi.提到;参考;查阅 vt.查询;叫……求助于
2.based adj.以(某事)为基础的→base vt.以……为基础 n.底部;根据→basis n.基础→basic adj.基础的
3.variety n.异体;多样化→vary v.变化;不同→various adj.各种各样的
4.major adj.主要的 n.主修课程;主修学生 vi.主修→majority n.大多数
5.global adj.全球的;全世界的→globe n.地球;地球仪
6.appreciate vt.欣赏;感激;领会→appreciation n.感激;欣赏→appreciative adj.感激的
7.beg vt.恳求;祈求→beggar n.乞丐
8.equal n.同等的人;相等物 adj.相同的;同样的→equally adv.平等地→equality n.平等
9.demand n.要求;需求 vt.强烈要求;需要→demanding adj.要求高的
10.description n.描写(文字);形容→describe vt.描述
11.relate vt.联系;讲述→related adj.相关的→relation n.关系→relationship n.关系
III.核心短语
1. pay attention to 注意
2. neither. . . nor. . . 既不……也不……
3. date back (to. . . ) 追溯到
4. no longer 不再
5. play a great role in 在……扮演角色; 发挥重要作用
6. refer to 谈到; 指的是; 描述; 查阅
7. ups and downs 浮沉; 兴衰; 荣辱
8. point of view 观点; 看法
9. have problems/trouble with
……有困难
10. relate to 与……相关; 涉及; 谈到
1.varieties
【详解】考查固定短语。句意:在我国旅游时,你会听到各种各样的方言。“各种各样的”是固定短语varieties of,故填varieties。
2.based
【详解】考查固定短语。句意:牢固的友谊是建立在相互信任的基础上的。“以……为基础”是be based on,故填based。
3.Compared
【详解】考查过去分词。句意:和我的同桌相比,我为我所做的感到骄傲。句中主语I和动词compare是被动关系,用过去分词表被动。故填Compared。
4.having
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:我真的很感激能有时间和你在这个美丽的岛上放松一下。Appreciate doing sth.为固定用法,意为“感激做某事”,设空处需填动名词形式作宾语。故填having。
5.when
【详解】考查定语从句的关系词。句意:你还记得我们来这个城市的那一天吗?设空处引导定语从句,修饰先行词the day,关系词在从句中作时间状语,用关系副词when引导该从句。故答案为when。
6.why
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:我不知道他为什么没有参加聚会。分析句子可知,句子为定语从句,先行词为reason,在从句中作原因状语,故应用关系副词why引导从句。故填why。
7.appreciation
【详解】考查名词。句意:如果您能帮助找到丢失的手提箱,我诚挚地向您表示感谢。my作定语修饰名词,appreciate的名词是appreciation“感谢”,不可数名词。故填appreciation。
8.equally
【详解】考查副词。句意:迈克和他的同桌们已经同意平等对待考试。分析句子结构,设空处修饰动词treat,需用副词形式。故填equally。
9.to be told
【详解】考查固定短语和动词语态。句意:我哥走进大厅,要求知道实情。demand to do为固定短语,意为“要求做某事”;my brother与tell之间构成被动关系,应用被动语态。故填to be told。
10.related
【详解】考查形容词。句意:这个地方的很多人死于和喝酒有关的事故。related为形容词,related to“和......有关的,有联系的”,此句中用形容词短语作后置定语。故填related。
11.in
【详解】考查短语。句意:虽然模特行业很难进入,但好的模特总是炙手可热。in demand 是固定短语,表示需要,炙手可热。根据句意,故填in。
12.global
【详解】考查形容词。句意:毫无疑问,地球正在变暖,是人类活动造成了全球变暖。根据空格后的名词warming(变暖)可知,此处需要填入形容词global(全球的)作定语来修饰名词。故填global。
13.basic
【详解】考查形容词。句意:在你来我们学校之前,你最好学一些基本的汉语。只有这样,你才能很快适应这里的生活。分析句子成分可知,所设空处作定语,修饰其后的名词Chinese,故应用形容词形式,结合所给词汇和句意,basic“基本的,基础的”符合语境,故填basic。
14.majority
【详解】考查固定短语。句意:老师生病时,大多数学生来看望他。根据空格前的定冠词the以及该空作句子主语可知,此处需要填入名词。又根据句意可知,此处表示“大多数”,固定短语the majority of译为“大多数”。故填majority。
15.demanding
【详解】考查形容词。句意:她的老板要求很高,但很欣赏她的才能。分析句子结构可知,该句使用“主系表”结构,根据其前的修饰语副词very可知该空应填形容词,且在句中作表语,结合句意,demanding“苛刻的,要求高的”符合语境,故填demanding。
16.various
【详解】考查形容词。句意:玩具店里有各种各样的玩具。根据空格后的名词toys(玩具)可知,此处需要用形容词various(各种各样的)作定语来修饰名词toys。故填various。
17.it
【详解】考查代词it。句意:如果你能提前告诉我你是否来,我将不胜感激。“I’d appreciate it if...”是固定句式,后接条件状语从句,意为“如果... ...我将非常感谢”。故填it。
18.importance
【详解】考查名词。句意:如果你想在这个城市里旅游,地图对你来说很重要。固定短语be of+n.= be+adj.,故填importance。
19.equally
【详解】考查副词。句意:必须在教育和就业方面平等对待男女。空处需用副词作状语修饰动词treat;equal的副词为equally“平等地”。故填equally。
20.description
【详解】考查名词。句意:这份报告对这些问题作了最具体的描述。分析句子成分可知,“the most specific ________ (describe) of the problems”作宾语,所设空前由“the most specific”修饰,故此处应填名词,根据所给词汇,“description(描述)”符合语境,故填description。
21.towards/to
【详解】考查介词。句意:你对高中生打工持什么态度?分析句子成分可知,“__________ senior high students taking up a parttime job”作后置定语,修饰其前名词attitude,所设空后部分为动名词的复合结构,故应用介词,to/towards,意为“就/对于…”符合语境,“the attitude to/towards sth”常作固定搭配,意为“对…...的态度”,故填towards/to。
22.were begging
【详解】考查过去进行时。句意:我转过身的那一刻,无家可归的人们正在乞讨食物。分析句子可知,本句是the moment引导的时间状语从句,从句由turned back可知,为一般过去时,主语部分表示当时正在发生的事情,用过去进行时。主语为people,为复数名词,beg的现在分词是begging,空格处应该填写were begging构成过去进行时。故填were begging。
23.varieties
【详解】考查名词。句意:苹果有很多品种。分析句子可知,介词in之后,用名词,空格处放在a great many的后面,要用名词的复数形式,variety的复数形式为varieties。故填varieties。
24.reference
【详解】考查名词。句意:她没有提到她的疾病,只提到她的未来计划。 no是形容词,修饰名词,refer是动词,名词形式是reference“提及;涉及”,根据句意,此处用作不可数名词,make no reference“没提及”,故填reference。
25.with
【详解】考查介词。句意:诺姆的镇上的官员想出了一个计划。他们会用铁路把药从安克雷奇送到尼纳纳。根据句意可知,句中涉及固定短语“come up with”,意为“想出,提出(计划或想法)”,故空格处应用with,介词词性,句中表示“想出了一个计划”。故填with。
26.(should) get
【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:工人们要求提高工资和改善工作条件。demand表示“要求”时,所接的宾语从句一般用虚拟语气,其虚拟语气的结构为:(should) +动词原形,should可省略。故填(should) get。
27.varieties
【详解】考查名词和固定搭配。句意:我们应该参加各种各样的体育活动来锻炼身体。varieties of 意为“各种各样的”,为固定搭配。故填varieties。
28.to
【详解】考查介词。句意:在我看来,除了他以外,没有人能胜任这项工作,因为他掌握了很好的技能。分析句子可知,句中涉及固定短语“be equal to…”,意为“胜任……”,短语中to为介词,后接名词或动名词。故填to。
29.in
【详解】考查介词。句意:流利地掌握一门语言需要数年的时间,但要想过得去就不用那么多了。根据句意及空后a language可知,此处是短语be /become fluent in“能流利地讲”。故填in。
30.where
【详解】考查定语从句的关系副词。句意:如今我们还处于几乎没有任何权利的阶段。根据句意及句子结构可知,本句是定语从句,先行词是stage,从句中作抽象地点状语,故使用关系副词where。故填where。
31.related
【详解】考查固定搭配。句意;轻工业和农业密切相关。be elated to与…….有关系,故填related。
32.to keep
【详解】考查固定搭配。句意:我努力保持我的头露出水面。struggle to do sth.努力做某事,故填to keep。
33.demanding
【详解】考查形容词。句意:这是一个高要求的角色,她需要努力。修饰名词role应用形容词demanding,意为“要求高的”,故填demanding。
34.to
【详解】考查介词。句意:研究人员说,这种老虎原产于印度。be native to为固定搭配,意为“原产于”。故填to。
35.pronunciation
【详解】考查名词。句意:她的英语发音很好。根据a可知此处应用名词,pronounce是动词,其名词是pronunciation。故填pronunciation。
36.why
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:他拒绝告诉我们他放弃全额奖学金的原因。分析句子结构可知,空处需用关系词引导定语从句,先行词是reason,指原因,关系词在定语从句中作原因状语,所以空处需用why引导定语从句。故填why。
37.in which##where
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:我们担任志愿者教师的小山村位于该镇的南部。分析句子结构可知,设空处应用关系词引导定语从句。先行词是village,在从句中作地点状语,应由关系副词where引导。亦可用介词+关系代词形式,此处可用in which。故填where/in which。
38.when
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:我们生活在一个很多事情都在电脑上完成的时代。此处为限定性定语从句,修饰先行词a time,先行词在从句中作时间状语,应用关系副词when引导。故填when。
39.where
【详解】考查定语从句。句意:老师们每周五都在等开往学校的公共汽车,在那里他们作为志愿者上课。此处为限定性定语从句,修饰先行词the school,先行词在从句中作地点状语,应用关系副词where引导。故填where。
40.return##should return
【详解】考查虚拟语气在宾语从句中的运用。句意:她要求他把向她借的书还回去。分析句子可知,谓语动词demanded表示“要求,强烈要求”时,其后that引导的宾语从句的谓语动词要用虚拟语气(should) do,所以空处填return或者should return,表示“归还”。故填return或者should return。
41.description
【详解】考查名词。句意:他描述了他所看到的一切。根据汉语提示“描述”可知应填名词description,作宾语,短语give a description of表示“描述……”。故填description。
42.apartments##flats
【详解】考查名词。句意:高层建筑里的大部分公寓冬天都有暖气。根据句意和汉语提示应填apartment“公寓”或者flat“公寓”作宾语,且为可数名词,由most of可知用复数,故填apartments/flats。
43.factor
【详解】考查名词。句意:决定是否这样做的主要因素是项目的规模。空处应填名词作主语,结合汉语提示可知,factor因素,可数名词,由is可知此处用单数形式。故填factor。
44.Despite
【详解】考查介词。句意:尽管我们尽了全力,我们还是输了比赛,这让我们非常失望。用介词despite (尽管)表让步,首字母大写。故填Despite。
45.classic
【详解】考查形容词。句意:他向我推荐了一本关于佛教的经典书籍。根据汉语提示“经典的”以及空处后的book可知,此处应填形容词作定语修饰book,应用classic。故填classic。
46.referring
【详解】考查动词。句意:当我说那位不错的男人时,你们都知道我指的是谁。动词“提及”是refer,根据后文when表“在...时”可知,空处应用现在进行时,现在进行时的构成是“be动词+现在分词”。故填referring。
47.demands##requirements
【详解】考查名词。句意:飞行对飞行员的要求很高。结合句子结构和汉语提示可知,名词demand/requirement符合题意,作宾语;它们都是可数名词,被enormous修饰应用它们的复数形式。故填demands/requirements。
48.begging
【详解】考查现在分词。句意:城里有成千上万像他这样的人,在街上乞讨。本句已有系动词are且无连词,动词beg (乞讨)用非谓语形式,逻辑主语people与动词beg是主谓关系,用现在分词(doing)表主动。故填begging。
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