Unit-3-I'm-more-outgoing-than-my-sister核心语法(人教版)(学.docx

Unit 3 I'm more outgoing than my sister.

内容提要：
1. 形容词和副词的比较级
2. as...as...用法

一、 形容词和副词的比较级
Ø 旧知识复习
1. 找出下列句子中的形容，并归纳形容词的用法。
(1) It’s a boring book.
(2) My brother has many healthy habits.
(3) I'm really hungry.
(4) The food tastes delicious.
知识小结：
l 根据(1)(2)可知，形容词可以修饰 ，在句子作 成分。
l 根据(3)(4)可知，形容词还可以在系动词后作 成分，表明主语的特征。
2. 找出下列句子中的副词，并归纳副词的用法。
(1) We can go there together.
(2) The girls jumped happily in the rain.
(3) The boy is so kind.
(4) The young girl sings quite well.
(5) Hopefully, you’ll be better soon.
知识小结：
l 根据(1)(2)可知，副词可以修饰 词，在句中作 成分。
l 根据(3)(4)可知，副词可以修饰 词和 词。
l 由(5)可知，副词还可以修饰 。
3. 派生副词
一般在形容词后加ly可变成其副词形式。变化规则如下：
(1) 一般直接加ly：quick-quickly；safe-safely
(2) 以l结尾的，直接加y：special-specially；hopeful-hopefully
(3) 以ll结尾的，将直接加y：full-fully；dull-dully
(4) 以辅音字母+y结尾的，将y改为i，再加ly：happy-happily; lucky-luckily
(5) 以le，ue结尾的，去e，再加ly：simple-simply；possible-possibly；true-truly
4. 几组特殊的词：
(1) 下列词既是形容词也是副词，但意义不相同。
l well
作副词，表示“好地”；作形容词，表示“身体健康的”。
The boy can do the thing well by himself. 这个男孩能独自把这件事做得很好。
I'm not very well today. 我今天不是很舒服。
(2) 下列词既是形容词也是副词，且意义相同。
l early
He's in his early twenties.他二十出头。
He gets up early.他起得很早。
l late
He is never late for school .他从不迟到。
He got up late this morning. 他今早起晚了。
注意：lately 也是一个副词，但意思是“最近”。
I haven’t heard from him lately. 我最近没接到他的来信。
l fast
He is a fast runner. 他是个很快的跑步运动员。
He runs fast. 他跑得很快。
l free
The food is free. 事物是免费的。
You can eat the cake free. 你可以免费吃这个蛋糕。
注意：freely也是一个副词，表示“不受限制地”。
You may speak freely. 你可以不受限制地讲话(畅所欲言)。
l close
Our new house is close to the school.我们的新房子离学校很近。
They sat close together .他们紧挨着坐在一起。
l high
The house has a high wall all the way round it.这栋房子的四周围着高墙。
I can't jump any higher.我没法跳得更高了。
l enough
Is there enough room for me?有足够的地方给我吗？
This house isn't big enough for us.这房子对我们来说不够大。
(3) 有些词以ly结尾，但是形容词，如：lovely可爱的；friendly友好的；silly愚蠢的；lonely孤单的；ugly丑陋的；likely可能的；timely及时的；brotherly兄弟般的……
Everyone was very friendly to me. 每个人都对我十分友好。
He has a lovely voice. 他说话的声音很好听。

Ø 随学随练
1. 选词填空，注意区别形容词和副词的用法。
(1) He sang so (beautiful / beautifully)that he won the first place in the singing competition.
(2) He runs (quick / quickly/ fast).
(3) There are many (new/ newly)books in the library.
(4) The flowers smell (nice/ nicely).
(5) (Luck/ Lucky/ Luckily),I found my dog in the forest.
(6) Allan shouted (so/ such)loudly that almost all the people in the village could hear her.
(7) Aunt Polly is a (real/ really)kind lady, for she always helps children in trouble.
(8) We’re (true / truly) willing(愿意的) to give you a hand.

2. 翻译系列句子，注意选择合适的形容词或副词。
(1) 我见到了一些特别的东西。

(2) David是个有才能的男孩。

(3) 这些花闻起来很香。

(4) 对学生来说每天锻炼是有必要的。

(5) 她真得很关心我。

(6) 他跑得太快了。

(7) 这只小狗非常非常可爱。

(8) 幸运的是，我找到了我的书。

Ø 新知识学习
1. 形容词和副词的比较等级
形容词和副词有三个比较等级：原级、比较级和最高级。表示两者(人或事物)的比较时常用比较级。
2. 形容词和副词的比较级的构成
(1) 规则变化
l 一般情况下，后面加 ，如：long-longer；tall-taller等
l 以不发音的e字母结尾的词，直接加 ，如：nice-nicer；fine-finer等
l 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词，须先 再加 ，如：heavy-heavier；easy-easier等
l 重读闭音节结尾词词尾只有一个辅音字母时，先 该辅音字母，再加 构成，如：big-bigger；fat-fatter等
l 部分双音节词和多音节词 ，如：beautiful-more beautiful；interesting-more interesting等。
(2) 不规则变化
l many/much-
l little(少)-
l good/well-
l bad/badly-
l far- / (further还可以表示 ；farther只表示距离更远)
l old- / (elder表示年龄更大；older可以表示年级更大，也可表示 )
注意：有些形容词或副词没有比较级
l 一些程度副词如quite,rather,very,so等没有比较级。
l 表示终极意义或绝对概念的词如：excellent,wrong,right,only, favorite等没有比较级。
l 表示时间、方位、方向的词如back,front,past等没有比较级。
3. 形容词和副词比较级的用法
(1) Actions speak louder than words.
Tom is taller than David.
结构：
含义：
(2) English is becoming more and more important.
It’s getting cooler and cooler.
结构：
含义：
(3) The more haste(急速), the less speed.
The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you will make.
结构：
含义：
(4) Lisa is the quicker of the two girls.
结构：
含义：
(5) China is larger than any other country in Asia.
China is larger than the other countries in Asia.
结构：

含义：
(6) China is larger than any country in Africa.
结构：
含义：
(7) I couldn’t agree with you any more.
I haven’t seen a better one.
结构：
含义：
4. 比较级使用的注意事项
(1) 比较的对象要
错误例句：My hair is longer than you.
改正句子：比较对象应该是头发，应把you改为yours(你的头发)。
My hair is longer than yours.
(2) than前后使用的动词一致时，通常用助动词代替后面的动词。该动词或助动词也可以省略。
You know more than I (do).
(3) 比较级前可以加词或短语修饰，常见的有much, far, still, even, a lot, a bit, a little等。
但是 和 不能用于修饰比较级。
The book is much more interesting than that one.
Tom is a little smarter than Jerry.
Could you stay a little longer ?
(4) 比较级的句型中用 (单数)或 (复数)代替比较的对象，不能用it或them。
(5) 有比较时就要用比较级，无论句中是否有than出现。
错误例句：You’re late. Please come early next time.
改正句子：这次迟到了。下次要早点来。与这次构成比较，要用比较级。
You’re late. Please come earlier next time.
错误例句：They often get up earlier and water the flowers together.
改正句子：语境中并没有比较，不能用比较级。
They often get up early and water the flowers together.
(6) 比较级+and+比较级的结构中，如果比较级是由more +原级构成的，此结构要用
。
错误例句：It’s becoming more difficult and more difficult to find a job.
改正句子：It’s becoming more and more difficult to find a job.
(7) The+比较级…，the+比较级…结构中，前面的句子是个状语从句，后面的句子是主句；主句的谓语动词用一般将来时时，从句的谓语动词要用 表示将来。
The harder you study, the the better result you will get.
(8) “少”的比较级：fewer / less
few修饰可数名词，变成比较级fewer后，其后依然要跟 形式。
little修饰不可数名词，变成比较级less后，其后依然要跟 。
There will be more trees and less pollution(污染).
(9) 辨析：many more +名词 / much more +名词
more还以作形容词，表示“ ，此时无比较级含义。
“many +more +可数名词复数”表示“额外的许多...”；
“much +more +不可数名词”表示“额外的很多...”。
We need many more desks.我们还需多很多桌子。
We need much more meat.我还需要很多肉。

Ø 新知识学习
as...as... 用法
1. “as+形容词/副词+as”结构
(1) 此结构表示“和...一样...”，其中形容词/副词要用 （原级）。
(2) 第一个as是副词，用在形容词和副词前面；第二个as是连词，连接与前面句子结构相同的一个句子，句子中相同部分经常省略。
He is as tall as David.
He runs as quickly as his father (does).
2. 否定形式：“as/so+形容词/副词+as”
(1) 表示“不和...一样...”，或“不如...”；第一个as可以用so替换
(2) 此结构中形容词/副词要用 （原级）
He isn’t as/so smart as his brother.
3. “不如...”的其他表达
(1) 表示“不如...”还可以用“less +形容词/副词+than”表示
(2) 此结构中形容词/副词也要用 （原级）
She is less rich than her elder sister.

Ø 随学随练
1. 完成下列单项填空
(1) —How do you like this book.
—Great! I think no book is than it.
A. good B. bad C. better D. worse
(2) Travelling by train is slower than by plane. But it’s ________ than by plane.
A. interesting B. less interesting C. more interesting D. most interesting
(3) Good luck belongs to hard-working people.________you work, the luckier you will be.
A. The harder B. Harder C. The hardest D. The hard
(4) People in the rural areas(农村地区) live a ________ life with the care of the government(政府).
A.happier and happier B.poorer and poorer
C.more and more happy D.more and more poor
(5) Our school life has become ________than before because of all kinds of after-school activities.
A. colorful B. colorfully C. more colorful D. more colorfully
(6) I can’t keep up with him, he runs________than me.
A.much faster B.even worse C.less carefully D.more carefully
(7) —After Start of Spring, everything turns green in China.
—Yes. People clearly see that the daytime is becoming________ and the weather is becoming ________.
A.shorter; warmer B.longer; cooler
C.longer; warmer D.shorter, cooler
(8) — Are you going to the airport by bus?
— I’d rather(宁愿) take a taxi. It’s ________.
A.quicker B.cheaper C.more quicker D.more cheaper
(9) —How do you improve your English?
—________ you speak, ________ your English will be.
A. The less; the more B. The more; the better
C. The less; the better D. The more; the less
(10) —How are you today, Tom?
—I’m even ________. I don’t think this medicine is good for me.
A. worse B. badly C. better D. well
(11) Tom is________ than any other player on the school team.
A. tall B.taller C.more taller D.more tall
(12) This cake tastes as as that one. But the price is than that one.
A.good; higher B.well;higher C.better;taller D.best;taller
(13) —Why don't you like winter in Beijing?
—Because it is ________ winter in Guangzhou.
A. as cold as B. much colder than C. not so cold as D. not colder than
(14) —Many boy students think English is ________ science.
—I agree. I'm weak(弱) in English.
A. much difficult than B. so difficult as
C. less difficult than D. more difficult than
(15) I didn't do very well in this exam. Unluckily, he did it ________.
A. worse B. badly C. better D.well

2. 用适当形式填空
(1) The menu had only 10 dishes and the service was not (well) at all!
(2) Blue Moon is (good), but Miller’s is even (good) .
(3) The Big Screen is (expensive) than most cinemas.
(4) Tom acted (well) in that movie. I think he's much (good) than other actors.
(5) This shirt is a little expensive. Can you show me a (cheap)one?
(6) My brother is as (serious) as my sister. They both like to study.
(7) Jim is (friendly) than Tom, so Tom has more friends than Jim.
(8) This book is (far) more useful than that one.
(9) My sister’s hair is longer than (I).
(10) Tony didn’t run so (quick) as me.

3. 阅读下面的句子，找出其中的错误并改正。
(1) Lucy’s hair is longer than Lily.

(2) Anna felt well after she had a good sleep.

(3) Of the two boys, David is taller.

(4) The fewer food you eat, the thinner you will be.

(5) The weather in Hainan is warmer than it in Beijing.

(6) He is very more serious than his brother.

(7) Can you come to school more earlier tomorrow morning?

(8) The picture is so beautiful. I have not seen a beautiful picture.

4. 翻译下列句子
(1) 跑步之后，我感觉舒服多了。

(2) Yao打篮球和Curry一样好。

(3) Roy是个很棒的舞蹈演员。他跳得比其他人都好。

(4) Alice阅读不如Lily好。（两种译法）

(5) 你越努力，你就会越幸运。

(6) Ronald踢足球越来越好了。

(7) Hongxing Bookstore我们镇子上最大的一家书店。

(8) 我非常赞同你。