专题04-如何更好地控制自己的叙述(教师版).docx

How to Take Control of Your Self-narrative for a Better and Happier Life
如何更好地控制自己的叙述
文章选自《新科学家》

主题语境：人与自我 子语境：自我修养
原文出处：New Scientist 语篇类型：说明文
关键词：story；hero；stress；process
篇章导读：你讲述的关于自己的故事，即你的叙事身份，对你的幸福感和实现个人目标的能力有很大影响。本文将告诉你如何将其发挥到极致！

原汁原味外刊阅读及模拟强化训练

Everyone knows what makes a good story. Our hero starts their journey as a flawed but relatable being with a personal goal. In scene after scene, they face challenges and setbacks that push them down new paths. By the end of the tale, they have prevailed and become a better person in the process. Just think of Jane Eyre, Luke Skywalker or Gilgamesh.
We love these plots in the novels we read, the films we watch and the video games we play. But the principles of a good story offer much more than entertainment. Recent research shows that the narratives we tell ourselves about our lives can powerfully shape our resilience to stress. People who generate tales of struggle and redemption from their own lives appear to have much better mental health. You could describe this as the flawed hero effect.
Better yet, psychologists have found that spinning our memories into a well-told life narrative, and viewing our future as an extension of this story, can help us achieve our aspirations for self-improvement. And if you want to turn over a new leaf, it helps to choose a significant date that signals the start of a new “chapter”. Contrary to popular scepticism, resolutions made on 1 January are more effective for this reason. So, whether your goal is saving money, studying for exams, quitting smoking or getting fit, there is no better time to start. You just need to know how to harness the power of self-narrative to boost your willpower, improve your well-being and create a better you.
The original protagonist in the burgeoning field of narrative psychology …

! 读后强化训练

I. 单句语法填空
1. The new drug has great significance (significant) for the treatment of the disease.
2. I should point out that not one of these paintings is original (origin).
3. The entertainment (entertain) was good clean fun for the whole family.
4. She refuses to allow her family to help her as a matter of principle (原则).
5. The King may turn over some of his official posts to his son.

II.阅读理解
1. Why are people who narrate their own life stories healthier mentally?
A. They are ready to help others.
B. They work more seriously.
C. They are more resistant to pressure.
D. They are more skilled at playing games.
【答案】C
【解析】
细节理解题。根据文章第二段Recent research shows that the narratives we tell ourselves about our lives can powerfully shape our resilience to stress可知，自叙生活故事的人可以有力地塑造自己的抗压能力，所以心理会更加健康。故选C项。

2. Which of the following is not achievable by self-narration?
A. Improve happiness index.
B. Keep fit.
C. Strengthen willpower.
D. Create yourself.
【答案】B
【解析】
细节理解题。根据文章第三段You just need to know how to harness the power of self-narrative to boost your willpower, improve your well-being and create a better you内容可知，自我叙述不能够达到保持身体健康的效果。故选B项。
3. What is the author's attitude towards people who are good at narrating?
A. Supportive.
B. Opposed.
C. Curious.
D. Subjective.
【答案】A
【解析】
观点态度题。综合全文内容可知，作者讲述了善于自我叙述故事的人的很多优点，是支持人们在生活中恰当地叙述自我的。故选A项。

& 词汇积累
Ⅰ. 核心词汇
1. challenge n. 挑战
2. principle n. 道德原则；行为准则
3. entertainment n. 娱乐活动；招待；娱乐
4. generate v. 生成；产生；引起
5. significant adj. 重要的，有重大意义的
6. quit v. 退出；戒掉；停止
7.original adj. 起初的；原来的

Ⅱ. 核心短语
1. push them down 把他们推倒
2. appear to 看起来像
3. view as 视为；视作
4. turn over 翻转
5. contrary to 与……相反

Ш. 拓展词汇
1. relatable adj. 有关系的
2. prevail v. 流行；盛行
3. resilience n. 恢复力；弹力
4. scepticism n. 怀疑态度

² 金句赏析
1.Recent research shows that the narratives we tell ourselves about our lives can powerfully shape our resilience to stress.
【句意】最近的研究表明，我们告诉自己的生活故事可以有力地塑造我们的抗压能力。
【句式剖析】
句子主干：Recent research shows that...
赏析：
①that the narratives ... can powerfully shape our resilience to stress是that引导的宾语从句，与动词show构成动宾关系；
②we tell ourselves about our lives是省略了关系代词that或which的定语从句，先行词是narratives，其在从句中充当宾语。

2.Better yet, psychologists have found that spinning our memories into a well-told life narrative, and viewing our future as an extension of this story, can help us achieve our aspirations for self-improvement.
【句意】更妙的是，心理学家发现，将我们的记忆编织成一个讲述得很好的生活故事，并将我们的未来视为这个故事的延伸，可以帮助我们实现自我完善的愿望。
【句式剖析】
句子主干：... psychologists have found that ...
赏析：
①Better yet作状语，that ... can help us achieve our aspirations...是that引导的宾语从句，与found构成动宾关系；
②动名词短语spinning our memories into a well-told life narrative与viewing our future as an extension of this story构成并列关系，共同做从句中的主语；
③help us achieve是help的复合结构，即“help + sb. + do sth.”，“帮助某人做某事”的意思。

参考译文
Everyone knows what makes a good story. Our hero starts their journey as a flawed but relatable being with a personal goal. In scene after scene, they face challenges and setbacks that push them down new paths. By the end of the tale, they have prevailed and become a better person in the process. Just think of Jane Eyre, Luke Skywalker or Gilgamesh.
每个人都知道什么是好故事。我们的英雄以一个有缺陷但与个人目标相关的人开始他们的旅程。在一幕又一幕的场景中，他们面临着挑战和挫折，这些挑战和挫折将他们推向了新的道路。到故事结束时，他们已经占了上风，并在这个过程中成为了一个更好的人。想想简·爱、卢克·天行者或吉尔伽美什。
We love these plots in the novels we read, the films we watch and the video games we play. But the principles of a good story offer much more than entertainment. Recent research shows that the narratives we tell ourselves about our lives can powerfully shape our resilience to stress. People who generate tales of struggle and redemption from their own lives appear to have much better mental health. You could describe this as the flawed hero effect.
我们喜欢我们读的小说、看的电影和玩的电子游戏中的这些情节。但一个好故事的原则不仅仅是娱乐。最近的研究表明，我们告诉自己的生活故事可以有力地塑造我们的抗压能力。那些通过自己的生活讲述奋斗和救赎故事的人，心理健康状况似乎要好得多。你可以把这描述为有缺陷的英雄效应。
Better yet, psychologists have found that spinning our memories into a well-told life narrative, and viewing our future as an extension of this story, can help us achieve our aspirations for self-improvement. And if you want to turn over a new leaf, it helps to choose a significant date that signals the start of a new “chapter”. Contrary to popular scepticism, resolutions made on 1 January are more effective for this reason. So, whether your goal is saving money, studying for exams, quitting smoking or getting fit, there is no better time to start. You just need to know how to harness the power of self-narrative to boost your willpower, improve your well-being and create a better you.
更妙的是，心理学家发现，将我们的记忆编织成一个讲述得很好的生活故事，并将我们的未来视为这个故事的延伸，可以帮助我们实现自我完善的愿望。如果你想翻开新的一页，选择一个标志着新“篇章”开始的重要日期会有所帮助。与普遍的怀疑相反，出于这个原因，1月1日作出的决议更加有效。所以，无论你的目标是省钱、学习考试、戒烟还是健身，都没有更好的时间开始。你只需要知道如何利用自我叙述的力量来增强你的意志力，提高你的幸福感，创造一个更好的你。
The original protagonist in the burgeoning field of narrative psychology …
叙事心理学新兴领域的最初主角……

阅读笔记