专题29-选择性必修二各单元语法点总结(译林版2020).docx

专题29 选择性必修二各单元语法点总结-2023年高考英语一轮复习基础知识+基本能力双清（译林版2020）选择性必修二Unit1 语法：过去完成时 when引导的从句（注：从句谓语动词为过去式) by短语 by the time引导的从句（注：从句谓语动词为过去式） before引导的从句（注：从句谓语动词为过去式）特殊句式1：表示“一就.”的几个句型：Hardly / No sooner / Scarcely had + 主语 + 过去分词 + when / than / before + 一般过去时。例如：We had no sooner been seated than the bus started. = No sooner had we been seated than the bus started.特殊句式2：表示未实现的希望、打算、意图、诺言等。常用had hoped / planned / meant / intended/ though / wanted / expected或 用上述动词过去式接不定式完成式表示即：hoped / planned + to have done。例如：They had wanted to help but couldnt get here in time.他们本来是要来帮忙的，但未能及时赶到。特殊句式3：It was+时间+since+主语+过去完成时。例如：It was ten years since we had left our hometown. 自从我们离开家乡十年了。选择性必修二Unit2 语法：过去进行时和过去完成时的被动语态一）、过去进行时的被动语态(1)过去进行时的被动语态表示过去某一特定时间某事正在被做。如：The roadwas being repairedwhen I got there.(2)过去进行时的被动语态构成形式为was/were being done。如：The housewas being cleaned.The flowerswere being watered.二）、过去完成时的被动语态(1)过去完成时的被动语态表示过去某一时间之前已经被完成的动作。如：He told me that the injured manhad been sentto hospital.(2)过去完成时的被动语态构成形式为had been done。如：I found the mealhad been prepared.选择性必修二Unit3 语法：现在完成进行时A.表动作自过去发生，一直延续至今并可能延续下去。Ive been waiting for an hour but she still hasnt come. 我已经等了一个小时，可她还没来。B.表动作延续至今刚刚结束。My clothes are wet. Ive been walking in the rain. 我的衣服都湿了，一直在雨里走。C.表示动作重复（指断断续续，而非一直不停）She has been phoning Jim every night for the past two weeks. 这两周她每晚都给吉姆打电D.现在完成时与现在完成进行时的区别No wonder you have a headache. You have been playing the computer game the whole day.难怪你头痛。你一整天都在玩游戏。（强调一整天持续、反复在玩）I have written three letters.我写了三封信。(已写完）I have been writing the three letters.我一直在写那三封信。（一直在写，还没写完)现在完成时与现在完成进行时态的区别：1. 在与表示一段时间的状语连用时，现在完成时和现在完成进行时均可表示一个动作从过去某时开始延续到说话时，并可能延续下去，在一定的上下文中，这两个时态可以互换。I have talked to the students for two hours.我已经同该生谈了两个小时。（强调可能完成）I have been talking to the students for 2 hours. 我一直同该生交谈，已经谈了两个小时了。（强调可能还在继续）现在完成进行一般不使用于状态动词，要表示状态动词“未完成用法”只能用现在完成时态。（注：状态动词表示感受、情感、看法、认识、愿望、及所有关系等状态含义，如be, belong, exist, feel, hate, love, want等。）2. 在不用时间状语时，现在完成时态表示动作已结束，而现在完成进行则表示动作仍在进行。He has written an essay.他已经写好了一篇论文。（表明动作已经完成）He has been writing an essay.他一直在写论文。（表示动作仍在继续）3. 用 how long-?结构询问目前正在进行的动作的时间长度时，多用现在完成进行时。How long have you been living in Tian Jin?How long have you been listening to music?4. 像sit, lie, wait, stay, stand 等动词更趋向于用现在完成进行时。The old man has been sitting here all the morning.这老人一上午都坐在那儿The students have been waiting for their teacher.学生们一直在等他们的老师。选择性必修二Unit4语法：将来进行时谓语动词构成形式：will+be+ving定义： （1）表示在将来某一时间正在进行的动作，常表示安排好之事。常与This time tomorrow morning连用。At 7:00 tomorrow, At that time next week.等连用。（2）表示预料不久要发生或势必发生的动作。1. I will be watching the sunrise at the top of the mountain this time tomorrow.2. I will be having a meeting tonight.3. I suppose they will be leaving soon.4. Maybe fewer people will be smoking in fifty years. 5. These monkeys are such quick thieves that they will be enjoying your bananas when you realize what has happened.