专题03-有提示词之给出名词(原卷版).docx

专题03-有提示词之给出名词
[技法指导]
1.当提示词为名词时,考虑是否需要变成复数形式或变成形容词、动词等。
[示例1](2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)The rolling sea of clouds you see once you are at the top will remind you how tiny we ______(human) are.
[分析] 考查名词复数。空处在句中作 we的同位语，单复数应保持一致，或者根据空后的 are可知，空处应用名词的复数形式。故填humans。
[示例 2](2021·全国甲卷)Supposedly you can do it in two hours, but we stopped at the different gates and watchtowers to take pictures or just to watch the local people going about their_____(day) routines.
[分析] 修饰名词 routines 应用形容词形式， daily routine 为固定搭配,意为“日常生活”。
2.名词复数的规则变化
(1)一般在名词词尾直接加-s,合成名词变成复数时,通常只将里面所含的主体名词变为复数,如果没有主体名词,则将最后一部分变为复数。如:members 成员;passers-by 过路人。
(2)词尾是-s，-x，-ch，-sh时一般加-es。如:boxes，buses，foxes， glasses, coaches。
注意:stomach(胃部)等词的复数形式是在词尾直接加-s。
(3)词尾是辅音字母+y时,变y为-ies。如:studies 研究;enemies敌人;difficulties 难事。
词尾是元音字母+y时,直接加-s。如:keys钥匙。
(4)以-f或-fe结尾的名词变为复数时,一般把f或fe去掉再加-ves。如:shelves 架子。
注意:下列以-f或-fe 结尾的名词直接加-s,如:roofs 房顶; chiefs首领;beliefs 信仰。
(5)词尾是o的名词,有些直接加-s,有些加-es。如:pianos 钢琴; photos 相片;zoos 动物园;tomatoes 番茄;potatoes 土豆。
〖精练细做50题〗
1.（2022新高考I卷）The GPNP’s main goal is to improve connectivity between separate ___________ (population)and homes of giant pandas,
2. （2022新高考II卷）He saved my _________ (son) life," said Mrs. Brown.
3.（2022年浙江 1月真题）When the answer, was no, she, declined the ___________ （invite）.4. （2018全国III） My name is Mireya Mayor. I'm a __________ (science) who studies animals such as apes and monkeys.
5.（2021新高考II卷）A company ________ (represent) wrote back and told me the airline was switching over from plastic to paper cups on all of its 1,200 daily flights.
6.（2021浙江卷）In 1844 they bought it for $1,200 and some land from Charles Dresser, who performed their ___________ （marry）ceremony in 1842.
7（2021浙江卷1月）It is calculated by dividing a ____38____ (person) weight in kg by their height in meters squared, and a BMI of between 19 and 25 is considered healthy.
’’8（2020新课标I卷）The far side of the moon is of particular __________ (interesting) to scientists
9（2020新课标II卷）Chinese New Year is a ___________ (celebrate) marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring.
10（2020新课标III卷）Filled with __________ (curious), the artist packed his bags and left.
11（2020浙江卷）Later，they learned to work with the __________ (season)，planting at the right time and，in dry areas， making use of annual floods to irrigate(灌溉)their fields.
12（2020浙江卷1月）For Japan, the__________(number)are more striking-22 in 1950, 46 today and 53 in 2050.
13. （2019北京）No matter what you like to do, there is a way to get involved in various ____________ (activity) on Earth Day.
14. （2018全国I）Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 which showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all ___________ (cause).
15. (2018浙江)Few people I know seem to have much desire or time to cook. Making Chinese (dish) is seen as especially troublesome.
16. （2017全国I）This trend, which was started by the medical community（医学界）as a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side __________ (effect) such as overweight and heart disease—the very thing the medical community was trying to fight.
17. （2017全国II）It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible ___________ (crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and from work.
18. （2017全国III） She has turned down several _________ (invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies.
19. (2017浙江) Last October , while tending her garden in Mora , Sweden , Lena Pahlsson pulled out a handful of small ________ (carrot) and was about to throw them away.
20. （2016全国I）The nursery team switches him every few __________ ( day) with his sister so that while one is being bottle-fed, the other is with mum—she never suspects.
21. （2016全国II）Recent ___________ (study) show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks regularly.
22. （2015全国I） I’d skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River which are pictured by artists in so many Chinese ___________ (painting).
23. （2018全国I）To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to ___________ (strength) your leg muscles (肌肉), avoid hills and get good running shoes.
24. (2019全国II)We are so proud of her. It's __________ (wonder）.
25. (2019全国III) They also shared with us many     ______      (tradition) stories about Hawaii that were hugely popular with tourists.
26. （2019北京）Students should have a proper attitude towards college before thinking about which college to attend, and it’s never too early to make necessary preparations for a healthy and ___________ (meaning) college experience.
27. (2019浙江) School uniforms are ____________ (tradition) in Britain, but some schools are starting to get rid of them.
28. （2018全国I） Running is cheap, easy and it's always ___________ (energy).
29.（2018II）According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total __________ (globe) fertilizer consumption.
30.（2017全国I）However, be __________ (care) not to go to extremes.
31. （2017全国II）The central London Railway was one of the most _________ (success) of these new lines, and was opened in 1900.
32. She was taken to many hospitals, but none of the _______ (doctor) knew the cause of the disease.
33. Her dream is to help ________ (researcher) find a method for her disease.
34. I’ve always loved wild animals and I’d love to see them in their _______ (nature) environment.
35. Throughout modern history, there has never been a __________ (science) as iconic as Stephen Hawking.
36. The secretary arranged ___________ （convenience）time and space for the applicants to have an interview.
37. Hawking was an icon for many __________ (reason), but he will be best remembered for his work in the field of science.
38. A painting caught my eye. To my amazement, it was painted by Steven, one of my ______ (student).
39. While there are amazing stories of instant transformation, for most of us the __________ (change) are gradual and require a lot of effort and work, like cleaning up a polluted river.
40. As ________ (nature) architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly how thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.
41. Just be ________ (patience).
42． Healthy and happy children provide the basis for a safe society for future generations when they become________(parent).
43． The paper was used for sealing up holes in walls and________(roof)in the cold and freezing winter.
44．Last October，while tending her garden，she pulled out a handful of small________(carrot)and was about to throw them away.
45． This year is also likely to pave the way for a number of technological ________(advance).
46．The new technology has already been used to change the DNA in the cells of________(mouse)，monkeys and other organisms.
47． “Alaya，you don't have to do this if you don't want to.Nobody is forcing you.” Though I said I wasn't going to do it，my________(foot)carried me toward the pool.
48． ________(tomato)and potatoes took some time to become popular.
49． A hutong is an ancient city street typical in Beijing.Surrounding the Forbidden City，many were built during the Yuan，Ming and Qing________(dynasty).　
50.(2020·新高考全国卷Ⅰ)Historical (accurate) is important but so is entertainment.