BrianClimateandgeomorphology庐山野外讲座.pptx

Australia and China:similarities differencesAreaPopulationClimateTopographyHistory of settlementClimateKppen world map source of map and dataPeel MC,Finlayson BL&McMahon TA,2007.Updated world map of the Kppen-Geiger climate classification.Hydrology and Earth Systems Sciences 11:1633-1644.http:/www.hydrol-earth-syst- Here you can download the paper,copies of the map in ARC View format and the complete data set from which the map was drawnTopographyTopographyHypsometric curvesClimateAustralia fits hereU-shaped glaciated valley from the Lake District of England“U-shaped”valley-sandstones of central NSW Australia“U-shaped”valley-Lu Shan“U-shaped”valley-Lu ShanDebris flow depositsthe following pictures from Venezuela have been supplied by:Matthew C.LarsenActing Associate Director for WaterU.S.Geological Survey,409 National CenterReston,VA 20192Time scale and spatial scaleSo:Climate varies through time and produces different landforms and depositsSimilar landforms and deposits can arise in different climatesHow much variation is there within a single area?Effects of aspect and elevationEffects of aspect and elevation10 km10 kmRegional data and local dataMeasured Mean January Temperature vs elevation for 22 sites in the King Valley Region.The lapse rate is 0.4C per 100m and elevation explains 37%of the variance in MJTMean January Temperature vs Elevation for 10 stations in north east Victoria.The lapse rate is 0.7C per 100m and elevation explains 87%of the variance in MJT.Elevation and temperatureSurface temperature inversionMeasuring local scale effectsMeasuring local scale effects