英语句子通常有两种语序一种是陈述语序一种是倒装语序市公开课一等奖百校联赛特等奖课件.pptx

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,倒装句,第1页,英语句子通常有两种语序：一个是陈说语序，一个是倒装语序。将谓语一部分或全部置于主语之前语序叫做倒装语序。而倒装可分为二种：将整个谓语提到主语之前叫完全倒装（,full inversion）；,而只将,be、,情态动词或者助动词放在主语之前叫做部分倒装（,partial inversion）。,第2页,1.,在以,here,、,there,、,now,、,then,等副词开头句子里。,一、完全倒装,(1)Here is the seat for you.(2)There goes the bell.(3)Now comes your turn.(4)Then followed three days of heavy rain.,第3页,2.,在,There be(exist,、,happen,、,live,、,appear,、,lie,、,occur,、,rise,、,seem,、,come,、,remain、stand,等,),句型中。,(1)There are at least thousands of people in the square.(2)There stands a tall tree in front of our school gate.,第4页,3.,在象声词或以,out、in、up、down、away,等副词开头句子里。,(1)Crackle,crackle,crackle came the gun and the young soldier felt very frightened.(2)Out rushed the children.,第5页,4.,当表示地点介词词组在句首时。,在上述四种句子中，假如主语为人称代词，则不需要倒装。,In he came and back he went again.,(1)At the foot of the hill lies a beautiful lake.(2)The soldiers ran to the building,on the top of which flew a flag.(3)East of the lake lie two towns.(4)Under the tree was lying a wounded soldier.,第6页,二、部分倒装,(1)Only then did he find it important to get along with others.(2)Only in this way can we make great progress.(3)Only after he came back were you able to see him.,1.Only,在句首，修饰副词，介词词组或状语从句时。,第7页,Not only did they break into his office and steal his books,but they also tore up his manuscripts.,以关联连词,not only.but also,开首句子或者分句也是如此。,位于句首,only,，（,包含连词,not only.but also,）,只修饰（或连接）主语部分，则不引发倒装。,Only Jack can answer this question.,第8页,(1)Seldom had I seen such a beautiful picture.(2)Hardly had I arrived home when the phone rang.,2.,当句首状语为否定词或带有否定含义词语时，常见这类词或词语有,not,never,hardly,seldom,rarely,scarcely,以及,not until,no sooner,.than,hardly.when,.no.,等。,第9页,但当否定词否定主语，否定词组不含否定含义，或者句首状语否定意义已为随即另一名词所抵消，此时则不需要倒装。,(1)Not a leaf had fallen from the trees though autumn was well advanced.(2)In no time the locusts came clown and started eating everything.(3)Not infrequently they go abroad.,第10页,(1)Should I be free this afternoon,I would come and help you with your lesson.(2)Were I in your place.I would not be fit for your job.(3)Had it not been for the captain,the ship would have sunk with all on board.,3.,在省去,if,虚拟条件从句中。,第11页,Werent it for his wifes money,he would never be a director.,我们能够说,Were it not.,或者,Had it not been.,但不能够说,Weren t it.,或者,hadnt it been.,所以以下句子应视为病句。,第12页,(1)So excited was he that he couldnt say a word.,(2)To such lengths did she go in rehearsal that two actors walked out.(3)In such a hurry did the man rush out that he almost knocked me down.,4.,在,So.that,to such.that,或者,in such.that,句型中。,第13页,5.,当,So,位于句首，表示前面所说情况也适合用于另一人（或物）时。,I trusted him completely.So would anyone who knew him.,在,So it is(was)with,句型或者当,So,表示“确实如此，确实是这么”，以示同意和必定某种说法，或者加以强调时，经常不引发倒装。,第14页,(1)Jack studies German,but he doesnt study French.So it is with Jim.(2)Its going to be a cold winter.Yes,So the newspaper says.(3)Li Ping studies hard.So he does.,所以我们经常可看到以下这类句子。,You say Tom went to the ball yesterday.So he did,and so did I.,第15页,(1)I didnt mean what I said,you know.Neither(Nor)did I.(2)I dont know.Neither(Nor)do I care.,6.,当,neither nor,位于句首，表示前面否定内容也适合用于另一人或物时；或者表示否定意义在延伸时候。,第16页,7.,当方式状语、频度状语等提至句首时，有时也可引发部分倒装。,(1),Well do I remember the day that I saw a terrible accident on that road.,(2),Many a time has he given me good advice.,第17页,8.,用于“形容词（或名词、动词）”+,as(though),引导让步状语从句中。,Pretty as she is,she is not clever.,Try as he would,he might fail again.,Child as he was,he had to make a living.,注：从句表语是名词，其名词前不加任何冠词,第18页,9.,有时为了平衡句子需要，以防止头重脚轻之感。,(1)Gone forever are the dark days of the old society.(2)Such are the rewards that always crown virtue.(Shakespeare),第19页,在以上各类句型中，假如谓语动词只有系动词,be，,则这类句子应属于全倒装。,So small was the mark that I could hardly see it.,第20页,在带有倒装句复合句（或并列句）中，到底应在何处倒装，不少初学者以为难以掌握。下面顺口溜能够帮助你较轻易地掌握其结构形式。,巧记倒装句,前倒后不，,O，NU,主倒从不倒，,2,N,前倒后也倒，,NM,前后均不倒,第21页,NB,代表,Not only,，,but also,引导并列句。,not only,位于句首时，所引导前面分句倒装，后面分句不倒装。故此称为“前倒后不倒”。,1,）,Not only did he come,，,but also he was very happy,2,）,Not only was everything that he had taken away from him,but also his German citizenship,（,was taken away,）,第22页,O,代表,only,状语从句；,NU,代表,Not until,状语从句。此两种结构位于句首时，倒装主句而不倒装从句，即：“主倒从不倒”。,1）,Only when he told me did I know it,2）Not until I began to work did I realize how much time I had wasted,No soonerthan，HardlyScarcelywhen,等句型也属这类使用方法。,No sooner（Hardly）had we reached home than（when）it began to rain,第23页,2,N,代表,Neithernor,所引导并列句。2,N,若位于两分句之首，则前后分句均倒装。即“前倒后也倒”。,Neither do I know her name，nor does he.,NM,即,No matter,引导状语从句。此时前面从句及后面主句均不倒装。即“前后均不倒”。,No matter how busy he is，he always comes to help us,第24页,倒装句中主谓何时不倒装,1.疑问句中，假如疑问词作主语或主语修饰语，主谓不倒装。,What happened to her？,How many persons are working in that laboratory？,第25页,2.在以,in，out，back，up，down，off，away，here，there,等副词开头句子中，假如主语是人称代词，主谓不倒装。,Away he went to the station.,Here she comes.,第26页,3.假如置于句首由,only,引导词组不是状语，而是主语，则主谓不倒装。,Only the teachers are allowed to use this room.,Only some of the children like English.,第27页,4.假如置于句首,not onlybut also,仅连接作主语两个并列词组，则主语和谓语不倒装。,Not only men but also women and children are affected by the new law.,第28页,5.把副词性替换词,so,提前，假如两句主语相同，且后者只是深入必定或强调前者，,so,后面语序不倒装。,Its raining.,So it is.,Bob didnt know about it.,So he didnt.,第29页,6.以,so,开头句型，假如是,so it is（was）with+,另一主语，此时，主语和谓语不倒装。,Marx was born in Germany and German was his native language.So it was with Engels.,第30页,