词汇晨读高考英语3500词2.doc

高考英语3500词汇读练测(词汇晨读)02
(affect—appreciate)
83.affect v.①影响：
With the government’s aid, those affected by the earthquake have moved to the new settlements.
在政府的帮助下，那些受地震影响的人搬到了新的定居点。
②(在情感方面)打动，感动：The story affected us deeply.故事深深地打动了我们。
【拓展】effect n.影响：
Your reading environment can have a great effect on your understanding. 
你的阅读环境会对你的理解产生很大的影响。
84.affection n.友爱，亲爱，疼爱，爱情：
And now I could say it is my affection for nature that makes me a real gardener.
现在我可以说是我对自然的热爱使我成为了一个真正的园丁。
He felt great affection for his sister.他很疼爱他妹妹。
【拓展】affectionate adj.亲热的，深情的，挚爱的，慈爱的，有感情的：
Beauty lies in the lover’s eyes. Where most people saw nothing but a cruel criminal, she saw an affectionate man.情人眼里出西施。多数人看到的只是一个残忍的罪犯，而她看到了一个充满爱的男人。
85.afford v. ①买得起，花得起，担当得起：
This sweater fits me, but I can’t afford to buy it.这件毛衣我穿很合身，但是我买不起(它)。
—Let’s go to the park tomorrow morning.
—Sorry, I’ve got an important appointment at 9 o’clock and I can’t afford to miss it.
“让我们明天去公园吧。”“对不起，我九点钟有个约会。错过了约会，我可担当不起的。”
②给予，提供：It will afford me great pleasure to have dinner with you.跟你一道吃饭太让我高兴了。
【拓展】affordable adj.支付得起的，负担得起的，不太昂贵的：
Eating out once or twice a week may be affordable.一周一两次外出吃饭是负担得起的。
The variety of food at the restaurant is limited, but every meal can serve at least two people and is under ¥10, so not only is it affordable but practical as well.这家餐馆虽然食物的种类有限，但是每份食物都能供至少二人食用且价格不超过十元，真可谓价廉物美。
86.afraid adj.害怕的，担心的，恐怕：
I worked hard because I was afraid of losing the job.我工作很努力，因为丢了这份工作。
He was afraid to go into the house and meet his father.他不敢进屋去见他父亲。
I’m afraid Mr. Wood can’t see you until 4 o’clock.恐怕伍德先生要到4点钟才能会见你。
I’m afraid that he won’t help us.我担心他不会帮我们。
“Is he not coming?” “I am afraid not.(I’m afraid so.)”“他不来吗?”“看来不会(怕是不会来)。”
87.Africa n. 非洲：Has your father returned from Africa yet?你父亲从非洲回来了吗？
88.African adj.非洲的，非洲人的：
The researcher’s conclusion was based on a study of the African elephant’s DNA.
研究人员的结论是基于对非洲象DNA的研究。
n.非洲人：I dated an African once.我和一个非洲人约会过。
89.after adv.以后，后来：
They lived happily ever after.他们后来一直生活得很幸福。
They met in June and became lovers soon after.他们在六月相遇，不久就成了情侣。
prep.①在……之后：
Quiet student as he may be, he talks a lot about his favorite singers after class.
尽管他可能是个安静的学生，但下课后他经常谈论他最喜欢的歌手。
②追赶，追求，寻找：The cat ran after the mouse.猫追老鼠。
③依照，用……的名字：
Please make some sentences after this model.请仿照例子造句。
She was named Elizabeth after her grandmother.
她依从祖母的名字取名为伊丽莎白。
④接连不断：She saw play after play.她接连不断地看戏。
This cycle goes day after day.这种循环日复一日。
conj.在……以后：In my opinion, you should come back after you finish your studies abroad.
在我看来，你应该在出国学习结束后再回来。
【拓展】after all毕竟，终究(参看词条above all)：
Bob thought he couldn’t go to the party because he had to write a report, but he went after all.
鲍勃认为他不能去参加聚会，因为他不得不写一份报告，但他终究还是去了。
Why are you so anxious? It isn’t your problem after all.
你为什么这么焦虑？这毕竟不是你的问题。
90.afternoon n.下午，午后：The exam results will be put up on Friday afternoon.本次考试结果将于星期五下午公布。
91.afterward(s) adv.后来：Soon afterward, I received a Christmas present from them.
不久之后，我收到了他们的圣诞礼物。
You may use the room as you like so long as you clean it up afterwards.
你可以随意使用这个房间，只要你事后打扫干净。
92.again adv.再一次，又，再：
I am longing to see my friend Jack again.我渴望再见到我的朋友杰克。
After ten years in prison, he was a free man again.他坐了十年监狱，又成了自由人。
The owner showed her appreciation of our help again and again.主人一再感谢我们的帮助。
93.against prep.①反对，违背，违反：
My sister was against my suggestion while my brother was in favour of it.
我妹妹反对我的建议，而我哥哥却赞成。
His parents were angry when they learned he had borrowed the car against their wishes.
当他的父母得知他违背父母的意思去借车后很是生气。
That’s against the law.那是违法的。
②逆：He swam against the tide.他逆流而游。
③倚着，靠着：
He stood with his back against the door.他背靠门站着。
Put the tip of your tongue against your upper teeth when you produce the sound.
当你发出声音时，把舌尖抵住上齿。
④衬着，与……对比：
It is important to know what colors look good against your skin before you buy clothes.
在购买衣服前，重要的是了解什么样的颜色衬你的肤色看上去才好看。
The workers are going on strike for the salaries here are low against the rates elsewhere.
工人们打算罢工因为这里的薪水与别处的相比是很低的。
⑤防备，抵御：
The little girl stood close to the wall, hugging herself against the cold.
小女孩站在靠近墙壁的地方，搂抱着自己以抵御寒冷。
94.age n. ①年龄：However, of all the factors, wealth and age are the top two.
然而，在所有因素中，财富和年龄是前两位。
②长时间：You haven’t been in touch with him for ages.你已经很久没有和他联系了。
③时代，时期：Each civilization has its golden age.每个文明都有它的鼎盛时期。
【拓展】①age v.……的年龄/岁
Salvatori, aged 23, will soon complete his studies at the University of Toronto.
23岁的萨尔瓦多不久将在多伦多大学完成学业。
②aged年老的，年迈的，老年的，上了年纪的：
Loneliness is another problem that aged parents may face.
孤独是老年父母可能面临的另一个问题。
③at the age of在……的年龄/岁
He had learned more than 5,000 English words when he entered the university at the age of 15.
他15岁进入大学时就已经学了5000多个英语单词。
95.agency n.代理处，经销处，代办处：
He telephoned the travel agency to book three air tickets to London.
他打电话给旅行社预定三张去伦敦的机票。
Dina finally took a position at a local advertising agency.
迪娜终于在当地的一家广告代理公司找到了一份工作。
India’s space agency releases its first pictures of Mars as its satellite begins work a day after entering orbit around the Red Planet.当卫星开始进入围绕“红色星球”的轨道后开始一天工作的时候，印度的空间机构发布了其第一张火星的照片。
96.agenda n 议程：They agreed on an agenda.他们就议事日程取得一致意见。
The next item on the agenda was how to cut down the cost of production.
议程上的下一个项目是讨论如何降低生产成本。
The meetings and addresses help set the agenda for the next year’s work. 
这些会晤与发言有助于制订来年的工作议程。
97.agent n. 代理人，代理商，力量：
One agent recommended a house in particular.
有一个代理特别向我们推荐了一栋房子。
Our agent in Rome deals with all our Italian business.
我们在罗马的代理商处理我们在意大利的一切事务。
Rain and sun are the agents which help plants to grow.雨水和阳光是植物生长的促进力量。
98.aggressive adj.①侵略的，好斗的，咄咄逼人的，激进的：
Japan should, rather than ignore its aggressive past, reflect on its own history and its current policies.日本应该反思自己的历史和当前的政策，而不是忽视其过去的侵略行径。
I learned early in life that I had to be more patient and less aggressive.
我很早就认识到我得多些耐心而少些咄咄逼人。
Some people get aggressive after drinking alcohol.有些人喝了酒后会变得咄咄逼人。
②有进取心的，强有力的：
A good salesman must be aggressive if he wants to succeed.
一个好的销售员要想成功必须有进取心。
【拓展】aggression n.侵略，侵犯：
This is an aggression upon his rights.这是对他的权利的侵犯。
The whole nation rose to resist foreign aggression.举国奋起抗击外来侵略。
表示“对……的侵犯”，其后通常接介词on, upon, against：
This is an aggression upon my right.这个是对我的权利的侵害。
99.ago adv.以前：This picture was taken a long time ago. I wonder if you can pick out my father.
这张照片是很久以前拍的。我想知道你能否认出我父亲。
100.agree v.同意，赞同：
They agree that our plan is worth trying.他们同意我们的计划值得一试。
I agree to his suggestion on the condition that he drops all charges.
我同意他的建议，条件是他放弃所有指控。
You look well. The air and the sea foods in Sanya must agree with you, I suppose.
你看上去很好。我认为：三亚的空气和海鲜很适合你。
We agree with what you say.我们同意你所说的。
I quite agree with you.我完全同意你的意见。
A verb must agree with its subject in person and number.动词必须和它的主语在人称和数方面保持一致。
He agreed to the plan.他同意了这个计划。
We agreed to their arrangement.我们同意了他们的安排。
The two companies have agreed on the main items written on the contract in general, but they still have to negotiate the details.两家公司已基本同意了合同上的主要条款，但他们还得磋商各项细节。
【拓展】①agreeable adj.愉悦的，讨人喜欢的，欣然/爽快同意的，赞成的：
You are much more agreeable and prettier now.现在的你更讨人喜欢，更漂亮了。
She was agreeable to the project.她对这个项目表示欣然同意。
Do you think they will be agreeable to our proposal?你认为他们会爽快同意我们的提议吗？
②参看词条disagree。
101.agreement n.同意，一致，协定，协议，合同：
I’m quite in agreement with your decision.我完全同意你的决定。
The two things are in agreement.这两件事是一致的。
At the end of the meeting, it was announced that an agreement had been reached.
会议结束时，宣布已达成了一项协议。
102.agricultural adj.农业的：
Animals suffered at the hands of Man in that they were destroyed by people to make way for
agricultural had to provide food for more people.各种动物惨遭人类毒手。人类为了开辟农田，
种植庄稼，养活更多的人而使动物遭受了灭顶之灾。
103.agriculture n.农业，农学，农艺：
The farmers’ living conditions have improved significantly ever since the policy of supporting agriculture was introduced.自从惠农政策出台以来，农民的生活状况已经得到了显著改善。
He studied agriculture in college.他在大学里研究农学。
104.ahead adv.在前面，向前：
Planning so far ahead has made no sense-so many thing will have changed by next year.
计划这么超前毫无意义——到明年许多事情会发生变化的。
【拓展】①ahead of在……之前：
If you really dislike such a tradition, tell your friends ahead of time.
如果你真的不喜欢这样的传统，提前告诉你的朋友。
②go ahead前进，进行，继续；(单独使用，表同意)行，可以：
Go ahead, we are all listening.继续讲吧，我们都在听呢！
“Can I borrow your dictionary?” “Yes, go ahead.”“我可以用你的词典吗?”“可以。”
Go ahead with your plan. I’m all for it.进行你的计划吧，我完全赞成。
105.aid n. ①帮助，援助：
Last month, the Japanese government expressed their thanks for the aid they had received From China.
上个月，日本政府表达了他们对收到的中国的援助的谢意。
We’re coming to the aid of the people of Somalia at the request of the United Nations.
我们应联合国的要求前去救援索马里的民众。
②助手，辅助器具：
A dictionary is an important aid in learning a new language.词典是学习一种新语言的重要工具。
v.帮助，援助：I will aid him in this matter.在这件事上我会帮他。
They aided him in scientific studies.他们援助他进行科学研究。
【拓展】①aid sb. to do sth.表示帮助某人做某事(其中的to不可省略)，也可用于aid sb. in doing sth.。
比较：help sb.(to) do sth.中的to可以省略：
我们帮助他提前完成了这项工作。
We’ve aided him to finish the work ahead of time.
We’ve aided him in finishing the work ahead of time.
We’ve helped him(to)finish the work ahead of time.
②in aid of用以援助……，作为援助……之用：
They’re organizing a concert in aid of charity. 
他们组织了一场音乐会帮助筹集捐款。
③with/without the aid of表示(不)凭借或依靠某种帮助：
We may travel with the aid of a good map.我们可以靠一张好地图去旅行。
This job would be impossible without the aid of a computer.这项工作不用计算机是不行的。
④come(go)to one’s aid来(去)帮助某人：
They all came to my aid.他们都来帮助我。
He went to the aid of the injured man.他去帮助那个受伤的人。
⑤first aid急救：
Although the hospital treatment is more professional, it does not mean that first aid is of little use.
尽管医院治疗更为专业多，但是这并不意味着急救的用处不大。
106.AIDS n.艾滋病(获得性免疫缺损综合症Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome之缩写)：
According to the World Health Organization, health care plans are needed in all big cities to prevent the spread of AIDS.根据世界卫生组织的数据，所有大城市都需要医疗保健计划来防止艾滋病的传播。
107.aim n.①瞄准，对准：He took aim at the bird, but missed.他瞄准那只鸟，但没有打中。
②目标：He has one aim in life-to be a poet.他人生只有一个目标——当一名诗人。
v.瞄准，对准，指望，目的/目标在于：
Our government is aiming to build a “harmonious society”.我国政府的目标是建设“和谐社会”
【拓展】①aim at /be aimed at：针对，以……为目标，目的是，旨在：
My remarks were not aimed at you.我的话不是针对你的。
Businesses will have to aim at long-term growth.企业必须以长期增长为目标。
Criticism should be aimed at helping those criticized. 批评应该是与人为善的批评。
He studied hard, aiming at passing the exam.他努力学习，目的是通过考试。
The project aims at promoting peaceful cooperation among countries.
该项目旨在促进各国之间的和平合作。
②aimless(ly)无目的的(地)，没有目标的(地)：
Aimless life is like sailing without compass.漫无目的的生活就像出海航行而没有指南针一样。
She said that her life seemed aimless.她说她的生活好像没有目标。
Jane moved aimlessly down the tree-lined street, not knowing where she was heading.
珍妮漫无目的地沿着林荫大道往前走，不知道自己要去何方。
108.air n. ①空气，天空，大气：
I’m moving to the countryside because the air there is much fresher than that in the city.
我要搬到乡下去，因为那儿的空气比城里的空气新鲜多了。
②态度，外貌，神态，气氛：He has an air of importance.他一副了不起的样子。
【拓展】①by air乘飞机(=by plane=by aircraft)：
After the earthquake, the injured were cared for in the local hospitals or taken by air to the hospitals in the neighbouring cities.地震发生后，伤者在当地医院接受治疗或被空运到邻近城市的医院。
②in the air在空中，(up)in the air)悬而未决：
Dust floats in the air.灰尘飘浮在空中。
Where they were going was left up in the air, a kind of mystery. 
他们要去哪里尚悬而未决，犹如是个谜。
Our plans are still quite in the air.我们的计划还很渺茫。
③on the air在广播：The match was on the air last night.比赛于昨晚播出。
④in the open air在户外，露天：
The film will be shown in the open air tonight.今晚电影在露天演。
109.aircraft n.飞机 (单复数同)，飞艇，航空器：
Only experienced pilots fly large passenger aircraft.只有有经验的飞行员才能驾驶大型客机。
Comparatively speaking, these aircraft are quite cheap.比较而言，这些航空器是相当便宜的。
110.airline n. 航空公司，航线：
Many airlines now allow passengers to print their boarding passes online to save their valuable time.
许多航空公司现在允许乘客网上打印他们的登机牌来节省时间。
Beijing to Guangzhou is a daily airline of CAAC.北京到广州是中国民航每天的定期航线。
111.airmail n.航空邮件/邮政：Please send this letter by airmail.请用航空邮件寄送此信。
112.airplane n. (美)飞机：An airplane engine is a complex mechanism.飞机引擎是种复杂的机械装置。
113.airport n.航空站，飞机场：You must arrive at the airport two hours early.你必须提前两小时到达机场。
114.airspace n.空域，领空：
The government claimed that the plane had illegally entered its airspace.
政府宣称这架飞机非法进入其领空范围。
115.alarm n.警报，闹钟：
Today, I am going to talk with what you should do when a fire alarm go off.
今天，我要和你谈谈火警发生时你该怎么做。
The alarm went off at five.闹钟在五点闹响。
v.使……惊慌，惊动：
With the number of cholera cases being confirmed at an increasing rate across the country, it’s natural to feel alarmed and even scared.随着患霍乱病例的比率不断增大在这个国家得到证实，人们感到惊慌甚至恐惧是很自然的。
116.album n.专辑，照相簿/相册，集邮本，签名纪念册：
In 1951,he recorded his first album.1951年，他录制了他的第一张专辑。
One is that we may give him an album with photos of all the students in our class.
一个是我们可以给他一本相册，上面有我们班所有学生的照片。
I saw her put stamps in an album.我看见她在把邮票放进集邮本去了。
117.alcohol n.酒精，乙醇，含酒精的饮料，酒：
This sort of wine contains 20 percent of alcohol.这种酒含酒精20%。
One time at a party, I drank too much alcohol and got so sick.
有一次在聚会上，我喝了太多酒，就这样生病了。
118.algebra n.代数(学)：We’ve learned advanced algebra in middle school.我在中学就学过高等代数。
119.alike adv.同样地，相同地：
They dress and walk alike.他们的穿着和走路姿态十分相似。
Great minds think alike.英雄所见略同。
【拓展】adj.相似的，相同的：
The two girls are so alike that strangers find it difficult to tell one from the other.
这两个小女孩如此相像，以至于很难辨别出彼此。
20.alive adj.①活着的：
The mayor has offered a reward of $5000 to anyone who can capture the tiger alive or dead.
市长向任何能活捉或杀死老虎的人悬赏5000美元。
②活泼的，活动的，有活力的：
Biking made me feel alive.骑自行车使我充满了活力。
③充满……的：The woods are alive with birds.林中到处是鸟。
【拓展】参看词条live, lively。
21.all adv.完全，都，非常：
No one helped me. I did it all by myself.没有人帮助我。这一切全是我自己做的。
adj.所有的，全部的，整个的：
Tom, you mustn’t leave all your clothes on the floor like this.
汤姆，你不能把你所有的衣服都这样放在地上。
pron.一切，全部：
We are grateful to you for all you have done.我们对你所做的一切表示感谢。
All enjoyed themselves.每个人都玩得很尽兴。
All of the toys are broken.所有的玩具都坏了。
I am very pleased to say that all of us have greatly improved our spoken English so far.
我很高兴地说，到目前为止，我们所有人的英语口语水平都有了很大的提高。
【拓展】①参看词条above all和after all。
②in all总计，全部：There were twenty students in all.总共有20个学生。
③all in all总之，总而言之，总的来说，大体而言，归根结蒂：
We both thought that all in all it might not be a bad idea.
我们两人都认为总的说来它或许不是个坏主意。
④not at all (用于加强not的语气)一点也不，根本不；没关系，别客气：
It’s not difficult at all.一点也不难。
“Thank you.” “Not at all.” “谢谢你。”“不客气。”
On yesterday’s interview, he didn’t make an appearance at all.昨天的面试，他根本没露面。
⑤all along一直，一向：I know (knew) it all along.我一直知道这事。
⑥all over到处，结束：
New theatres and arts centres sprang up all over the country.
新的剧院和艺术中心突然在全国各地涌现出来。
22.allergic adj.①过敏的：
David is allergic to animal fur, so he won’t visit anyone who has cats or dogs in the house.
大卫对动物的皮过敏，所以他是不会到养狗啊猫啊的人家去串门。
②对……极讨厌的：You could see he was allergic to h