新概念第二册第六课讲解.doc

精品教育Lesson 6   Percy Buttons 【New words and expressions】beggar     n. 乞丐beg    v.乞求I beg your pardon?beg for   乞求得到ask for   请求得到（ask sb. for sth. 向某人索要某物）food     n. 食物（不可数）a lot of foodpocket    n. 衣服口袋inner pocket   内口袋；jacket pocket  夹克的口袋；coat pocket  大衣口袋pocket book   袖珍书；pocket dictionary    袖珍词典pocket pick    车上的小偷pocket money   (小孩的)零花钱change    零钱get exact change    准备好正确的零花钱beer money   (男人的)零花钱call    v. 拜访, 光顾 vt.&vi. 叫，喊I heard someone calling.call out =shout   大声喊 vt. 呼唤，召唤Lucy is sick. Please call a doctor. vi. 访问，拜访；（车、船等）停靠Amy called (at our house) yesterday.The train calls at large stations only.   这列火车只停大站。call on sb.拜访某人I will call on you.  我要去你家。call at+地点visit someplace拜访某地I will call at your home.  我要去你家。 vt.&vi. 打电话call sb =call up sb.   给某人打电话call back    回某人电话Can you take a message for me? =Can you tell him to call back?call in sb.    招集和邀请某人For the project, the government called in a lot of experts.【课文讲解】1、Yesterday a beggar knocked at my door.knock    v. 敲门 vi. 敲门I knocked, but no one answered.knock at   敲（门、窗等）knock at the door；knock at the window vt.&vi. 碰撞You always knock things off the table.   你总是碰掉桌上的东西。Jim was knocked over by a bus this morning.   今天上午吉姆被一辆公共汽车撞倒了。She has knocked a cup over again.   她又碰倒了一个杯子。 vt. 把（某人）打成状态He knocked Tom out yesterday.   他昨天把汤姆打昏过去了。 与off连用时有一些特殊含义，一般用于口语vt. （价格上）减去，除去，打折扣They knocked five dollars off the price of the coat.The shop assistant knocked 10% off the bill.（He reduced the price by 10%.）vi. 下班，停止，中断（工作等）When do you usually knock off?   你一般什么时候下班？He knocked off for lunch at half past eleven.   他十一点半休息吃中午饭。2、He asked me for a meal and a glass of beer.ask (sb.) for sth =request for sth.   问某人要什么东西 （for为了这个目的去请求某人, sb.更多的时候不出现, ask for sth.）The boy asked (his parents)for money again/once more.3、In return for this, the beggar stood on his head and sang songs.in return for this    作为对的回报，作为交换（this 在代词当中常常指代上文的一件事情）I'll buy a present for him in return for hospitality. （hospitality   adj. 热情）in return    作为回报  You lent me this interesting book last month. In return (for it), Ill show you some picture books.  In return for your help, I invite you to spend the weekend with my family.He doesn't want anything in return.    他不想得到任何回报stood on his head    倒立stand on one's hands   用手着地(hand单数就是一只手, 双手复数)stand on one's knees    跪着, 膝盖 lie on one's back   仰面躺着lie on one's side    侧躺lie on one's stomach    趴着4、Later a neighbour told me about him.介词about可以和一些动词连用，以表示“关于（的）”、“涉及（的）”  Please tell me about the accident.tell sb. about sth.   告诉某人某事（about关于, 通过其他事自己得出的结论）tell you about himtell you about the word   解释这个单词的意思tell sb. sth.    告诉某人某件事(把事情直接告诉)tell you the newstell you the word   直接告诉这个单词5、Everybody knows him.everybody作为主语一定作单数看待, 属于不定代词所有的不定代词作为主语一律为单数看待 : somebody，anybody，everything等6、He calls at every house in the street once a month and always asks for a meal and a glass of beer.calls at     光顾，拜访in the street（英国）/on the street（美国）once a month    一个月一次, 单位表达方式once  adj. 表示每一次（表示频率时后面直接加表示时间的名词）, 计量单位 “/” （每）five kilometers an hourHe goes back to the South once a year.【Key structures】A, The and Some当表示不确定的某个人或物时，用不定冠词a/an（单数, 可数名词）；当表示不可数的名词时，则需要由不定冠词加量词组成词组。在表示一种笼统概念（某某一类/一种东西）的陈述句中可以省略a和someA tiger is a dangerous animal. Tigers are dangerous.Salt is necessary for/to us all.表示某个确定的人或事物或者上文已提到过的人或事物，则要用定冠词the（有时相当于this/that/these/those）,可数名词单/复数或不可数名词均可。在姓名、地名、国名（非复合词）以及月份、星期等前面不加任何冠词。a和the的区别：a是泛指, a man；特指, the man在文章当中第一次出现名词的时候往往用a和an修饰, 第二次出现的时候用theA man is walking towards me. The man is carrying a parcel. The parcel is full of meat.I have just drunk a glass of milk. Milk is  very refreshing.I ate an apple. Apples are delicious.She always buys flour, sugar and tea at the grocer's.一般姓名前一般不能加冠词，表示“某某一类人当中, 具有这种特征当中的一个”，加不定冠词aa Mr. Zhang  张先生这类人【Special Difficulties】 短语动词某些动词的后面加上介词或副词以后就会改变词义, 这种新的组合称作短语动词put    v. 放put on   穿上，戴上tak    v. 拿走take off   脱掉，摘掉look    v. 看look at  看；look for  寻找；look after   照顾；look out  当心；look out of   向外看call call at；call on；call in；call back；call for    去取某物, 去接某人；需要 The problem calls for immediate action.    这个问题需要立即采取行动knock   v. 敲knock at   敲门knock off   下班He knocked off earlier.knock off   打折 Knock 10% off the price.把撞倒，如果有地点，用介词off；无地点，用介词overknock sth. off+地点knock the vase off the table I knocked the boy off the bicycle.knock overA car knocked the boy over.knock out   打晕, 在拳击场合中, 把人打倒在地叫knock out(专用术语) He did not know how to fight, but he knocked the boxer out.【Multiple choice questions】5  A neighbour told me about him. He _d_ Percy Buttons was a beggar.a. told b. said me c. told to me d. saidHe says + 句子；He says +that+句子；say to sb.tell sb. +that+句子He said to me/He told me    他告诉我He told me he was a Beggar./He said he was a Beggar.6  Everybody knows him. _a_ know him.a. They all   b. Each    c. Every   d. All theyall of us, we all   我们所有人every     adj. 每一个every+n. 每一个(书, 本, 人等)every person likeseach     adj.&pron. 每一个each+n；each直接作主语或者宾语eachperson likes./eachlikes.every只能是形容词性，强调整体，常用来指一个大的、不确定的数目，不能直接做主语；each既可作形容词，又可作代词，强调个体，常用以一个确定的并通常是有限的数目，在作代词时，直接作主语或宾语，使用第三人称单数  Each child in the school was questioned.  Every child enjoys Christmas.  Each of us has his own work to do.  They each have a share.7  _d_ does he call? Once a month.a. How seldom b. How long c. How soon d. How oftenonce a month   每月一次, 属于频率对频率提问 : how oftenHow often do you visit your mother?   对时间和次数提问提问多久 : how longHow long do you visit your mother?    对时间提问提问次数 : how many timesHow many times do you visit your mother each month?how soon 多久以后How soon will you finish your homework?8  A beggar is a person who _a_ .a. asks for money but doesn't work b. asks for foodc. works hard d. is out of workout of work 失业I am out of work./I lose my job.10  She gave him a piece of cheese. He put the _a_ of cheese in his pocket.a. bit b. bar c. block d. packeta bit of /a piece of 在英文中经常互用bar 门闩 : 长条状 : a bar of chocolate;a bar of soapblock    n. 房子；块, 一大块；v. 堵塞packet   一包12  All the houses in our _a_ are the same age and size.a. street     b. way c. road   d. routesame age and size 同年代同样式street 两边有房子的街道, 强调城市里的街道way, on the way, in the way 挡住某人的路(强调方向)road 路的通称 road home 通往家的路 (张艺谋的影片我的父亲母亲的英文名)route 路线语法精粹1.How can you_B_if you are not _?A. listening/hearingB. hear/listeningC. be listening/hearD. be hearing/listening to如果你不听, 怎么可能听见呢?listen听/hear听见2.The girl even won't have her lunch before she_D_her homework.A. will finishB. is finishingC. had finishedD. finishes状语从句中, 用一般现在时取代将来时.3.Those who have applied for the post_A_in the office.A. are being interviewed  B. are interviewingC. interviewing (光动词+ing不能构成谓语)  D. to be interviewing (不定式不能构成谓语动词)apply for    申请interview    面试在英文中, 只能领导对员工面试，员工只能被面试，动词用被动4.The old scientist _C_to do more for the country.A. is wishing  B. has been wishing     C. wishesD. has been wished  D为被动语态，从语法上说合理, 但不合情表示状态、感觉、情绪、精神活动的动词不可用于进行时态.wish sb. to do  希望某人做某事5.If he_B_,don't wake him up.A. still sleeps B. is still sleeping C. still had been sleeping D. will be sleeping still如果他在睡觉的话, 不要吵醒他新概念英语第二册课后习题答案详解Lesson 61. d根据课文第2-3行In return for this , the beggar stood on his head, 只有d. hewanted to pay for his meal in this way,才能准确表达他这样做的原因，而其他3个选择都不能说明这个原因。2. a根据课文第一句I have just moved to a house in Bridge Street, 只有a. She wasnew to the neighbourhood与课文意思最接近，其他3个选择都和课文的意思不符合。3. ca. at house, b. to the house, d. in the home 都不符合习惯用法. 只有 c. at home在家,是习惯用法,所以正确答案是c.4. d只有选d. a meal to him 这个句子才符合语法，而其他3个选择都有语法错误，按照习惯用法，应该是give sb. sth.或 give sth. to sb.5. da. told 后面少间接宾语，句子意思不完整；b. said me 语法不正确；c. told to me中间接宾语应紧跟在动词后面，不需要加to;只有选d. said 才符合语法，它后面可以跟宾语从句，习惯用法为tell sb. sth.或 tell sth. to sb.6. a只有选a. They all 才能使句子语法正确，意思完整，其他选择都在语法上讲不通。如each做主语，后边的动词应为单数第三人称，Every 为形容词不能做主语，按照习惯用法all of them才可做主语。7. d这一问句是针对打电话“间隔的时间”或“频率”提问，因此用 a. How seldom, b. how long, c. How soon提问都不能用Once a month(每月一次)来回答，只有用d. How often 提问才能用Once a month来回答。8. a只有a. asks for money but doesn'twork(只要钱但不工作)才能准确表达beggar(乞丐)这个词的含义,其他3个都不能正确表达这个意思.所以选a.9. ba meal(一顿饭)是泛指，可以是早餐、午餐或晚餐。因此应该选b. at anytime(在任何时候)，而其他3个选择意思都不够准确。10. a本句需要选出与前一句中的piece(小块,片)意思相接近的词, b. bar 长块, c. block 大块,d.packet小包,这3个都不能准确表达piece 的含义.只有 a. bit 小片,少许,同piece 意思最接近,所以选a.11. d本句需要选出与前一句中的短语call at (访问某家或某地)的意思相同的词。a. shouts at(呼喊)；b. calls(召唤，打电话)； c. cries out(对大喊)这三个选择意思都不恰当，只有d. visits(访问，拜访)和calls at 是同义词。12. a本句只有选a. street 才符合英语习惯用法,b. way 不符合题目意思. c. road, d .route不符合习惯用法,在意思上不通.-可编辑-