学科自习综合检测题(二).doc

襄阳一中 高二年级 综合检测题 英语必修五 编写：周朝元 审核：汪必高 使用时间 姓名： 考号：
学科自习綜合检测题（二）
友情提示：该试题分两节，满分38分，时限35分钟，试题难易度偏难。同学们可要认真阅读思考哟！
第一节: 完形填空 (共 20 小题; 每小题 1 分, 满分 20 分)
Dale Carnegie rose from the unknown of a Missouri farm to international fame because he found a way to fill a universal human need.
It was a need that he first 1 back in 1906 when young Dale was a junior at State Teachers College in Warrensburg. To get an 2 , he was struggling against many difficulties. His family was poor. His Dad couldn’t afford the 3 at college, so Dale had to ride horseback 12 miles to attend classes. Study had to be done 4 his farm-work routines. He withdrew from many school activities 5 he didn’t have the time or the 6 . He had only one good suit. He tried 7 the football team, but the coach turned him down for being too 8 . During this period Dale was slowly 9 an inferiority complex (自卑感), which his mother knew could 10 him from achieving his real potential. She 11 that Dale join the debating team, believing that 12 in speaking could give him the confidence and recognition that he needed.
Dale took his mother’s advice, tried desperately and after several attempts 13 made it. This proved to be a 14 point in his life. Speaking before groups did help him gain the 15 he needed. By the time Dale was a senior, he had won every top honor in 16 . Now other students were coming to him for coaching and they, 17 , were winning contests.
Out of this early struggle to 18 his feelings of inferiority, Dale came to understand that the ability to 19 an idea to an audience builds a person’s confidence. And, 20 it, Dale knew he could do anything he wanted to do—and so could others.
1. A. admitted B. filled C. supplied D. recognized
2. A. assignment B. education C. advantage D. instruction
3. A. training B. board C. teaching D. equipment
4. A. between B. during C. over D. through
5. A. while B. when C. because D. though
6. A. permits B. interest C. talent D. clothes
7. A. on B. for C. in D. with
8. A. light B. flexible C. optimistic D. outgoing
9. A. gaining B. achieving C. developing D. obtaining
10. A. prevent B. protect C. save D. free
11. A. suggested B. demanded C. required D. insisted
12. A. presence B. practice C. patience D. potential
13. A. hopefully B. certainly C. finally D. naturally
14. A. key B. breaking C. basic D. turning
15. A. progress B. experience C. competence D. confidence
16. A. horse-riding B. football C. speech D. farming
17. A. in return B. in brief C. in turn D. in fact
18. A. convey B. overcome C. understand D. build
19. A. express B. stress C. contribute D. repeat
20. A. besides B. beyond C. like D. with

第二节: 阅读理解 (共 9 小题; 每小题 2 分, 满分 18 分)
A

21. Why did the BeauxArts style attract American entrepreneurs?
A. It helped display their money status. B. It was created by famous architects.
C. It was named after a famous institute. D. It represented the 19th century urban culture.
22. What is unique of SieMatic BeauxArts?
A. Its designs are anti-conventional. B. Its designs come from famous structures.
C. Its customers can enjoy their own composition. D. Its customers can choose from various new styles.
B
However wealthy we may be, we can never find enough hours in the day to do everything we want. Economics deals with this problem through the concept of opportunity cost, which simply refers to whether someone’s time or money could be better spent on something else.
Every hour of our time has a value. For every hour we work at one job we could quite easily be doing another, or be sleeping or watching a film. Each of these options has a different opportunity cost—namely, what they cost us in missed opportunities.
Say you intend to watch a football match but the tickets are expensive and it will take you a couple of hours to get to and from the stadium. Why not, you might reason, watch the game from home and use the leftover money and time to have dinner with friends? This—the alternative use of your cash and time—is the opportunity cost.
For economists, every decision is made by knowledge of what one must forgo—in terms of money and enjoyment—in order to take it up. By knowing precisely what you are receiving and what you are missing out on, you ought to be able to make better-informed, more reasonable decisions. Consider that most famous economic rule of all: there’s no such thing as a free lunch. Even if someone offers to take you out to lunch for free, the time you will spend in the restaurant still costs you something in terms of forgone opportunities.
Some people find the idea of opportunity cost extremely discouraging: imagine spending your entire life calculating whether your time would be better spent elsewhere doing something more profitable or enjoyable. Yet, in a sense it’s human nature to do precisely that—we assess the advantages and disadvantages of decisions all the time.
In the business world, a popular phrase is “value for money.” People want their cash to go as far as possible. However, another is fast obtaining an advantage: “value for time.” The biggest restriction on our resources is the number of hours we can devote to something, so we look to maximize the return we get on our investment of time. By reading this passage you are giving over a bit of your time which could be spent doing other activities, such as sleeping and eating. In return, however, this passage will help you to think like an economist, closely considering the opportunity cost of each of your decisions.
23. According to the passage, the concept of “opportunity cost” is applied to ________.
A. making more money B. taking more opportunities
C. reducing missed opportunities D. weighing the choice of opportunities
24. The “leftover ... time” in Paragraph 3 probably refers to the time ________.
A. spared for watching the match at home B. taken to have dinner with friends
C. spent on the way to and from the match D. saved from not going to watch the match
25. What are forgone opportunities?
A. Opportunities you forget in decision-making. B. Opportunities you give up for better ones.
C. Opportunities you miss accidentally. D. Opportunities you make up for.
C (★B班可选做)
Most damagingly, anger weakens a person’s ability to think clearly and keep control over his behaviour. The angry person loses objectivity in evaluating the emotional significance of the person or situation that arouses his anger.
Not everyone experiences anger in the same way; what angers one person may amuse another. The specific expression of anger also differs from person to person based on biological and cultural forces. In contemporary culture, physical expressions of anger are generally considered too socially harmful to be tolerated. We no longer regard duels (决斗) as an appropriate expression of anger resulting from one person’s awareness of insulting behaviour on the part of another.
Anger can be identified in the brain, where the electrical activity changes. Under most conditions EEG (脑电图) measures of electrical activity show balanced activity between the right and left prefrontal (额叶前部) areas. Behaviourally this corresponds to the general even-handed disposition (意向) that most of us possess most of the time. But when we are angry the EEG of the right and left prefrontal areas aren’t balanced and, as a result of this, we’re likely to react. And our behavioural response to anger is different from our response to other emotions, whether positive or negative.
Most positive emotions are associated with approach behaviour: we move closer to people we like. Most negative emotions, in contrast, are associated with avoidance behaviour: we move away from people and things that we dislike or that make us anxious. But anger is an exception to this pattern. The angrier we are, the more likely we are to move towards the object of our anger. This corresponds to what psychologists refer to as of ensive anger: the angry person moves closer in order to influence and control the person or situation causing his anger. This approach-and-confront behaviour is accompanied by a leftward prefrontal asymmetry (不对称) of EEG activity. Interestingly, this asymmetry lessens if the angry person can experience empathy (同感) towards the individual who is bringing forth the angry response. In defensive anger, in contrast, the EEG asymmetry is directed to the right and the angry person feels helpless in the face of the anger-inspiring situation.
26. The “duels” example in Paragraph 2 proves that the expression of anger ________.
A. usually has a biological basis B. varies among people
C. is socially and culturally shaped D. influences one’s thinking and evaluation
27. What changes can be found in an angry brain?
A. Balanced electrical activity can be spotted. B. Unbalanced patterns are found in prefrontal areas.
C. Electrical activity corresponds to one’s behaviour. D. Electrical activity agrees with one’s disposition.
28. Which of the following is typical of offensive anger?
A. Approaching the source of anger. B. Trying to control what is disliked.
C. Moving away from what is disliked. D. Feeling helpless in the face of anger.
29. What is the key message of the last paragraph?
A. How anger differs from other emotions. B. How anger relates to other emotions.
C. Behavioural responses to anger. D. Behavioural patterns of anger.
【知识清单】
单词检测
n.询问 adj.严重的;剧烈的;严厉的
n.附近;邻近 n泵;抽水机vt.(用泵)抽(水)
n.线索;提示 vt/vi调查
n.调查 vt.污染;弄脏
n.柄;把手vt.处理;操纵 n.微生物;细菌
vt.建设;修建 n.建设;建筑物
n.图表

考点巩固
1. suspect sb. of (doing) sth.
2. be severe with
3. be to blame (for. . . )
blame sb. for (doing) sth.
blame sth. on sb.
bear/take the blame for
4. link. . . to. . .
be linked to
5. announce to sb. sth.
6. certainty n. → certain adj. ① ；②
7. instruct sb to do sth
8. under construction
9. contribute to
10. apart from
11. adj. 有责任的；负责的 → n. 责任；负责
be responsible for (doing) sth. 负责……；承担义务……
When he loses his temper, he isn’t responsible for his actions. 他发脾气时不顾自己行为的后果。
12. n. 烟火 → 燃放烟火