GRE黑宝书[DOC格式].doc

黑宝书

资料来源是从99年机考至今的所有机经,在机经词汇的真题中记忆单词，请大家用心体会

合成于2001年4月3日星期二 2:41:37 AM

abandon vt. 放弃,沉溺
to give (oneself) over unrestrainedly
abandon:inhibition=despair:hope

abash a. 害羞的
to destroy the self-possession or self-confidence of
unabashed:embarrassment=unheralded:announcement
embolden←→abash/faze/cow

abate v. 减轻，降低
to reduce in degree or intensity
abate:tax=alleviate:distress
abate←→intensify/promote

abbreviate vt. 缩写,使...简略,缩短
to make briefer; especially :to reduce to a shorter form intended to stand for the whole
abbreviate:sentence=abridgment:essay
abbreviate←→extend

abdicate v. 让位，辞职，放弃
to renounce a throne, high office, dignity, or function
abdicate:throne=resign:office
abdicate←→constitute
abdicate←→assume

aberrant a.脱离常轨的
deviating from the usual or natural type:ATYPICAL
aberrant←→typical/normal

abet vt. 教唆,帮助
to assist or support in the achievement of a purpose
abet:assistance=counsel:guidance
abet←→thwart/impede
stymie←→abet
frustrate←→abet

abeyance n. 中止,暂搁,停止
temporary inactivity:SUSPENSION
abeyance←→continuance

abhor vt.憎恶
(n. abhorrence) to regard with extreme repugnance
abhorrence:dislike=adoration:fondness

abiding a. 永久的，持久的，不变的
ENDURING, CONTINUING
abiding←→evanescent

abject adj. ①凄惨的 ②怯懦的
cast down in spirit:SERVILE, SPIRITLESS
abject←→exultant

abjure vt. 发誓放弃
to abstain from:AVOID
abjure←→embrace/espouse

abnegate vt. 放弃，舍弃，禁忌
SURRENDER, RELINQUISH
abnegate←→reaffirm

abolitionism n. 废除主义,废奴主义
principles or measures fostering abolition especially of slavery
anarchist:government=abolitionist:slavery
abolitionist←→persiste in slavery

arboretum n. 树园,植物园
a place where trees, shrubs, and herbaceous plants are cultivated for scientific and educational purposes
arboretum:trees=aviary:birds

aboveboard a. 光明正大的,率直的
in a straightforward manner
surreptitious←→barefaced/aboveboard

abrasion n. 表面磨损(v. abrade)
a wearing, grinding, or rubbing away by friction
abraded:friction=desiccated:dehydration
scuff:abrasion=heat:vaporization
abrade←→augment

abridge vt. 删节,缩短,剥夺
to shorten by omission of words without sacrifice of sense:CONDENSE
abbreviate:sentence=abridgment:essay

abrogate v. 废止，废除
to abolish by authoritative action:ANNUL
abrogate←→embrace/institute/uphold

abscond v. 潜逃，逃亡
to depart secretly and hide oneself
abscond:depart=pilfer:take
follow:shadow=leave:abscond
lurk:wait=purloin:appropriate/abscond:depart

absolve vt.赦免；解除(责任等)
to set free from an obligation or the consequences of guilt
exculpatory:absolve=motivational:stir
hortative:encourage=exculpatory:absolve
absolve←→inculpate

abstain vi. 自制,戒绝,弃权,避免
to refrain deliberately and often with an effort of self-denial from an action or practice
mandatory:comply=forbidden:abstain

abstemious adj. 有节制的，节俭的
marked by restraint especially in the consumption of food or alcohol
abstemious:indulge=austere:decorate { intransigence:control}
reticent:talk=abstemious:gorge

abstract a. 抽象的，不具体的；n. 摘要，提要
having only intrinsic form with little or no attempt at pictorial representation or narrative content
abstract←→elaborate

abstruse adj.深奥的
difficult to comprehend:RECONDITE
abstruse←→accessible/patent

abuse n./v. 辱骂，滥用
to attack in words:REVILE
diatribe:abuse=burlesque:mockery
polemic:disputatious=invective:abusive

accede v.同意
to express approval or give consent:give in to a request or demand

accelerate vt.vi. 加速
to move faster:gain speed
expedite:process=accelerate:pace
accelerate←→retard

accessible a. 易接近的,可进入的,易受影响的,可理解的
capable of being understood or appreciated
abstruse←→accessible/patent

accessory n. 附件
a thing of secondary or subordinate importance:ADJUNCT
accessory←→of primarily importance

accidental a. 意外的,偶然的
occurring unexpectedly or by chance
inventiveness:accidental=effect:casual
safeguard:accident=hedge:loss
intentional:accidental=arrogant:humble

acclimate vt.使习惯于新环境
to adapt to a new temperature, altitude, climate, environment, or situation
acclimate←→make unfamiliar with

accolade n. 推崇备至，赞扬
an expression of praise
accolade←→cutting remark/speak ill/derogate/denounce
deplore←→accolade/extol

accomodate v. 容纳,留宿,使...适应
to provide with something desired, needed, or suited (as a helpful service, a loan, or lodgings)
obliterate:remove=accomodate:supply (不是convey:conduct)

accomplice n. 共犯,同谋
one associated with another especially in wrongdoing

accost vt.向人搭话
to approach and speak to often in a challenging or aggressive way accost:approach

accountability n. 有责任,有义务
an obligation or willingness to accept responsibility or to account for one's actions

accrete v. 共生，附着，增加
ACCUMULATE
accrete:growth=erode:destruction

accumulate vt.vi. 积聚,堆积
to gather or pile up especially little by little:AMASS
accumulation←→dissipation

accuse v. 责备，控告，谴责
to charge with a fault or offense:BLAME

acme n．顶点，极点
the highest point or stage

acquiesce v.勉强同意,默认
to accept, comply, or submit tacitly or passively
intransigent:acquiesce=deferential:offend acquiesce:yield=capitulate:categorical
acquiesce←→defy
resist←→acquiesce

acquisition n. 获得,添加物品
the act of acquiring
divestiture←→acquisition

acquit vt. 开释,释放,完成,表现
to discharge completely

acrid a. 苦味的,辛辣的,尖刻的
sharp and harsh or unpleasantly pungent in taste or odor:IRRITATING
acrid:gentleness=forthright:guile
grating:sound=acrid:odor
stridency:sound=acridity:odor
acrid←→gentle

acrimonious a. 严厉的,辛辣的,刻毒的
caustic, biting, or rancorous especially in feeling, language, or manner
acrimonious←→harmonious

adamant a.强硬的,固执的
unshakable or immovable especially in opposition:UNYIELDING
adamant:flexibility=refractory:control
impossible:execute=adamant:moved
adamant:yield=cautious:gamble
adamant←→vacillatory
adamant←→moved

adapt vt. 使适应,改编
to make fit (as for a specific or new use or situation) often by modification
adapt←→remain unchanged

addicted adj. 痴迷
to devote or surrender (oneself) to something habitually or obsessively
inured:tolerance=addicted:dependency

ad-hoc adv. 临时地，没有充分准备的
for the particular end or case at hand without consideration of wider application

adjacent a. 毗连的,邻近的,接近的

adjourn vi. 延期,休会,换地方
to suspend a session indefinitely or to another time or place
convoke←→adjourn

adjudicator n. 评判员
one that act as judge

adjunct n. 附属物,附件,修饰语
something joined or added to another thing but not essentially a part of it
adjunct:←→essential element

ad-lib v. 即兴演唱，临时穿插，信口说出
without restraint or limit
ad-lib:impromptu=aside:divergent

admission n. 许可,入会费,承认
the act or process of admitting
lottery:raffle=ticket:admission

admonish v. 训诫，警告
to express warning or disapproval to especially in a gentle, earnest, or solicitous manner
admonish:denounce=punish:pillory {persuade:convince}
peccadillo:sin=admonishment:castigation
pretense:deceive=admonition:reprove
alibi:exculpatory=warning:admonitory

adore vt. 崇拜,爱慕,喜爱
to regard with loving admiration and devotion
abhorrence:dislike=adoration:fondness
adulate:fawn=woo:adore
apprehension:terror=affection:adoration
fascination:interest=adoration:fondness

adroit adj. 熟练的，灵巧的
having or showing skill, cleverness, or resourcefulness in handling situations
loquacious:succinct=adroit:ungainly
adroit←→ungainly

adulate v. 谄媚，奉承
to flatter or admire excessively or slavishly
adulate:fawn=woo:adorn
aversion:disinclination=adulation:admiration
scorn:reject=adulate:flatter=disparage:ignore
adulate←→scorn
adulation←→disdain

adulterate vt. 掺杂
to corrupt, debase, or make impure by the addition of a foreign or inferior substance or element stickler
approximation/imprecision=purist:adulteration

adversary n. 敌手,对手
one that contends with, opposes, or resists:ENEMY
adversary←→ally

advertise vt. 做广告,通知
to announce publicly especially by a printed notice or a broadcast
advertising:commercial=publishing:journal

advocate vt. 主张,提倡
to plead in favor of
exponent:advocate=pollster:canvass

aerate v. 充气，让空气进入
to supply (the blood) with oxygen by respiration
aerate:oxygen=hydrate:water

aerial a. 空中的,航空的,空想的,空气的
of, relating to, or occurring in the air or atmosphere
aerial:air=aquatic:water

aesthetics n. 美学
a branch of philosophy dealing with the nature of beauty, art, and taste and with the creation and appreciation of beauty
aesthetics:beauty=epistemology:knowledge
philistine←→aesthete

affable adj．易于交谈的，和蔼的
characterized by ease and friendliness
affable←→irascible

affected a. 假装的
assumed artificially or falsely:PRETENDED
posturer:unaffected=bigot:tolerant
affected←→natural

affection n. 爱,情感,影响,病
tender attachment:FONDNESS
apprehension:terror=affection:adoration
embrace:affection=shrug:indifference
scowl:displeasure=kiss:affection{hurl:disgust}
antipathy←→affection

affidavit n. 宣誓书
a sworn statement in writing made especially under oath or on affirmation before an authorized magistrate or officer
affidavit=statement←→wedding:ceremony

affiliation n．入会，加入
to bring or receive into close connection as a member or branch
affiliation←→dissociation

affinity n.密切关系,吸引力
likeness based on relationship or causal connection
aloft←→affinity
affinity←→aversion/hideous

affliction n. 痛苦,苦恼,苦难
great suffering

affluent adj. 富裕的 n. 支流
having a generously sufficient and typically increasing supply of material possessions
affluent←→needy
impecunious←→wealthy/prosperous/affluent
penury←→affluence
indigent←→affluent

agenda n.议程
a list or outline of things to be considered or done
program:concert=agenda:meeting
repertoire:performance=manifest:cargo=agenda:meeting

aggrandize vt. 增加,夸大
to make appear great or greater:praise highly
aggrandize←→disparage

aggravate vt. 使恶化,使更严重加重
to make worse, more serious, or more severe:intensify unpleasantly
succor←→aggravate
ameliorate←→aggravate

aggregate vt.vi. 聚集,集合,合计
to collect or gather into a mass or whole
coalesce←→disaggregate
disaffected←→content

aggrieve vt. 使委屈,使苦恼,侵害
to give pain or trouble to:DISTRESS
aggrieve←→gratify

agony n. 极大的痛苦
intense pain of mind or body:ANGUISH, TORTURE
agonized:distress=obsessed:concern
painful:agonizing=important:paramount

airtight a. 密闭的,不透气的,无懈可击的
airtight:loophole=

alacrity n. 敏捷,轻快,乐意
promptness in response:cheerful readiness
husbandry:dissipate=alacrity:procrastinate
alacrity←→dilatoriness/hesitance

albino n. 白公,白化病者,白化变种 (or albinism)
an organism exhibiting deficient pigmentation
albino:pigment=prairie:tree

alibi n.托辞，借口，辩解
an excuse usually intended to avert blame or punishment
alibi:exculpatory=warning:admonitory

align v.定位，对齐，排成一行，结盟
to bring into line or alignment
aligned←→askew
awry←→orderly/aligned

allay v. ①平息(愤怒等) ②缩小
to subdue or reduce in intensity or severity:ALLEVIATE
allay←→increase the intensity of
adversary←→ally

allegiance n．忠诚，拥护
devotion or loyalty to a person, group, or cause
authoritativeness:pundits=allegiance:partisans

allegory n. 寓意；寓言
the expression by means of symbolic fictional figures and actions of truths or generalizations about human existence allegory:fiction

alleviate v．缓和，减轻
RELIEVE, LESSEN
abate:tax=alleviate:distress
alleviate←→exacerbate

alliterate v. 押头韵
the repetition of usually initial consonant sounds in two or more neighboring words or syllables
alliterate:remove=blazon:efface

allude vi. 暗示,提及
to make indirect reference; broadly :REFER
allude←→mention explicitly

aloft ad. 在高处,在上的
at or to a great height
aloft←→affinity
founder←→stay aloft
grounded←→aloft

aloof a. 疏远的,冷淡的
removed or distant either physically or emotionally
politic:offend=aloof:associate
gregarious←→aloof

alphabetical a.字母(表)的，ABC的
arranged in the order of the letters of the alphabet
dictionary:alphabetical=annals:chronological

altruism n. 利他主义，不自私
unselfish regard for or devotion to the welfare of others
altruism←→egocentric

amalgamate v. 合并，混合
to merge into a single body
amalgamate←→separate/isolate

amass v.积聚
to collect for oneself:ACCUMULATE

ambiguous a.模棱两可的；分歧的
doubtful or uncertain especially from obscurity or indistinctness
ambiguous:clarity=mendacious:truth
ambiguous:understand=blatant:ignore
equivocation:ambiguous=platitude:banal
watershed←→ambiguity

ambivalent a. 矛盾的,好恶相克的
a:continual fluctuation (as between one thing and its opposite)
b:uncertainty as to which approach to follow
ambivalent←→commitment

amble vi. 缓行,溜蹄
a leisurely walk
walk:amble=talk:chat

ambrosial a. 特别美味的
something extremely pleasing to taste or smell
mellifluous:music=ambrosial:food

ameliorate vt. 改善,改良,变好
to make better or more tolerable
ameliorate←→aggravate

amenity n. 适意,温和,礼仪
something that conduces to comfort, convenience, or enjoyment
amenity:comfortable=honorarium:grateful
amenable←→inimical

amiable a. 亲切的,和蔼可亲的
being friendly, sociable, and congenial
inimical←→friendly/amiable/amicable

amicable a. 友善的,和平的 characterized by friendly goodwill:PEACEABLE
inimical←→friendly/amiable/amicable

amiss a. 有毛病的,出差错的
in a faulty way:IMPERFECTLY

amorphous adj. 无定形的，散漫的
having no definite form:SHAPELESS
amorphous:shape=errant:course

amphibian n. 两栖动物,水陆两用飞机,水陆两用车
any of a class (Amphibian) of cold-blooded vertebrates (as frogs, toads, or salamanders) intermediate in many characters between fishes and reptiles and having gilled aquatic larvae and air-breathing adults
eaglet:bird=frog:amphibian

amplify vt. 扩大,详述,使增幅
to make larger or greater (as in amount, importance, or intensity):INCREASE
mute←→amplify

amplitude n.广大；充足；振幅
the quality or state of being ample:FULLNESS
amplitude←→meagerness

anaerobic a.厌氧的. anaerobe n.厌氧微生物
living, active, occurring, or existing in the absence of free oxygen
anaerobic←→living in oxygen
anaerobic←→respiration

analgesic n.镇痛剂, a.止痛的
insensibility to pain without loss of consciousness
analgesic:pain=anesthetic:sensation
aseptic:disinfections=anesthetic:numbs
pain:analgesic:sensation:anesthetic
pain:analgesic=symptom:palliative
analgesia:pain=simplify:complexity
tonic:invigorate=analgesic:deaden

analogy n. 类似，相似，类比，类推
a:resemblance in some particulars between things otherwise unlike:SIMILARITY
b:comparison based on such resemblance

analysis n. 分析
separation of a whole into its component parts
synthesis←→analysis

anarchi