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深刻理解四大词性,轻松驾驭介词短语
今天我们来看“7种辅助结构”中的介词短语,首先回顾前文表格:
由上图可知,介词短语在句子中可以被当做形容词和副词来使用。
介词短语可以当形容词来用,修饰名词和代词,在句中作定语,表语,补语:
1.作定语
The hatted lady is very beautiful.
= The lady in a hat is very beautiful.
(那个戴帽子的女士很美)
2.作表语
Her beauty is unbelievable.
= Her beauty is beyond belief.
(她的美是令人难以置信的)
3.作补语
Doing exercise keeps her healthy.
= Doing exercise keeps her in good health.
(锻炼让她保持健康)
介词短语也可以当做副词来用,修饰动词、形容词和句子,在句中作状语。
1.修饰动词
She can speak English fluently.
= She can speak English with fluency.
(她能流畅地说英语。fluently=with fluency修饰动词speak)
注意:
对于句子She is looking.(她正在看),我们可以加副词carefully来修饰句中的动词look:
She is looking carefully.(她正在仔细地看)
也可以用介词短语来修饰look:
She is looking at a lovely dog.
(她正看着一只可爱的小狗。基本句式是主谓,而不是主谓宾)
由上句看出,动词look和介词at组成了所谓的固定短语“look at”。类似的还有:
She will go. (她将去)
She will go to work. (她将去上班)
由上述例子又可以得到“go to”这个搭配。
所以,“动词+介词”搭配的构成原理其实很简单:其实就是介词短语充当状语来修饰谓语动词。
2.修饰形容词
正如上面的“动词+介词”结构,当介词短语修饰形容词,就组成了我们熟悉的“形容词+介词”结构。
例如:
She is different.(她是不一样的)
She is different from any other women I have met.
(她跟我迄今遇见的任何其他女性是不一样的)
便得到了固定短语“be different from”。
3.修饰整个句子
Surprisingly, she married an ugly man.
=To our surprise, she married an ugly man.
(令人惊讶的是,她嫁给了一个丑男人)
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