SMTC 5 400 007.doc

发布Issue
上汽股份技术中心技术标准化委员会
Technical Standardization Committee of SAIC Motor Technical Center

2009-12-31 实施/Implementation
2009-12-31 发布/Issue

非金属材料 湿热气候下的光照试验

Non-Metallic Materials Weathering in Moist, Hot Climate

SMTC 5 400 007-2009
SMTC
上汽股份有限公司技术中心企业技术标准
Enterprise Technical Standard of SAIC Motor Technical Center

1
SMTC 5 400 007-2009
目 次

前言Foreword II
1 范围Scope 1
2 规范性引用文件Normative references 1
3 要求requirements 2
4 试验方法Test method 2
4.1原理Principle 2
4.2试验设备Test equipment 2
4.3光照试验条件Weathering conditions 2
4.4试验样品Specime 3
4.5光照试验Weathering test 4
4.6试样的评定Evaluating the specimens 5
4.7试验报告Test report 6

前 言
本标准由材料分标委提出。
本标准由上汽股份技术中心技术标准化委员会归口。
本标准由上海汽车股份有限公司乘用车公司车身部负责起草。
本标准主要起草人为：何玉松
本标准于2009年12月31日首次批准发布，2009年12月31日实施。

Foreword

This standard was proposed and approved by Technical Committee of Standardization of SAIC Motor Technical Center.
This standard was examined and verified for standardization by Specification Management Section of Engineer Support Department.
The draft department of this standard: Body Dept.
The main drafters of this standard: He yusong.
This standard was first approved and issued from 31 Dec 2009 and it will be implemented from 31 Dec 2009.

6
打印、拷贝即为非受控文件，请核查最新版本
- Printed Copy is Uncontrolled – Check Issue is Current -
非金属材料
湿热气候下的光照试验

Non-Metallic Materials
Weathering in Moist, Hot
Climate
1　 范围
本标准描述了评定塑料，橡胶，可折叠车顶织物，喷涂油漆以及类似涂层等在经历日光照射后老化行为（如颜色，光泽的改变）的试验流程。
本试验通过在人为的湿热气候(如佛罗里达) 下进行光照来完成。
本试验用于对试样与标准产品的监控。

注释: 在一些特定的应用上，老化标准可能还包括力学性能或破裂的变化. 因这个原因, 除目视评定，颜色与光泽度测试之外，还需要额外的试验来对此进行评定。这些试验可能包括拉伸试验，冲击阻力试验， 硬度测试以及金相微观等试验。

1 Scope
This standard describes the procedure for testing the aging behavior (e.g., change in color and gloss) of plastics, elastomers and folding-top cloths as well as paintwork and similar coatings that are subjected to weather and daylight. Testing is carried out by means of artificial weathering in a moist hot climate (e.g., Florida).
The test is used for sample and standard production monitoring.

NOTE: For certain applications, the aging criteria may consist of changes in the mechanical properties or cracking. For this reason, additional tests may be required along with the visual evaluation and color and glossiness measurements. These tests may include tensile tests, determination of impact resistance, determination of hardness and microscopic examinations, for example.
2　 规范性引用文件
下列文件中的条款通过本标准的引用而成为本标准的条款。凡是注日期的引用文件，其随后所有的修改单（不包括勘误的内容）或修订版均不适用于本标准，然而，鼓励根据本标准达成协议的各方研究是否可使用这些文件的最新版本。凡是不注日期的引用文件，其最新版本适用于本标准。
在此部分中, 因使用的是标准最初的名称，将会出现专业术语不一致的情况。

SMTC 30513 汽车用油漆涂层的色度评价

DIN 6167 纯白色或无色材料黄色的描述

DIN 6174 彩色坐标的色度评定和色彩差
异的评定依照近似的CIELAB 均匀色度空间

DIN 53230 油漆，清漆以及类似涂层材料
的测试，测试评估的方法

DIN 67530 反射计作为塑料件和涂装的
平面光泽评定的一种方法

DIN EN 20105-A02 纺织品–颜色牢固性的测试–A02部分: 变色灰度级的评定
DIN EN ISO 105-A01 纺织品–颜色牢固性
的测试–A01部分: 常规原理测定

DIN EN ISO 4892-2 塑料体–对实验室光源的曝光方法–第2部分: 氙弧光灯

DIN EN ISO 11341 涂料和清漆–人造大气
曝露试验和人造辐射的曝光–对氙弧光灯的
辐射过滤后的曝光

2 Normative references
The following normative documents
contain provision which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this standard. For dated reference, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply (exclude the correction), but parties to agreements based on this standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the standards. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to applies.
In this Section, terminological inconsistencies may occur as the original titles are used.

SMTC30513 汽车用油漆涂层的色度评价

DIN 6167 纯白色或无色材料黄色的描述

DIN 6174 彩色坐标的色度评定和色彩差异
的评定依照近似的CIELAB 均匀色度空间

DIN 53230 油漆，清漆以及类似涂层材料
的测试，测试评估的方法

DIN 67530 反射计作为塑料件和涂装的平
面光泽评定的一种方法

DIN EN 20105-A02 纺织品–颜色牢固性的测试 –A02部分: 变色灰度级的评定

DIN EN ISO 105-A01 纺织品–颜色牢固性
的测试–A01部分: 常规原理测定

DIN EN ISO 4892-2 塑料体–对实验室光源的曝光方法–第2部分: 氙弧光灯

DIN EN ISO 11341 涂料和清漆–人造大
气曝露试验和人造辐射的曝光–对氙弧光灯
的辐射过滤后的曝光

3　 要求

3 requirements
试验所需要的年周期以及与本试验标准之间的偏差，视零部件所处的位置或材料将在供货技术要求，上海汽车的标准和图纸上予以陈述。

The number of required year cycles, as well as deviations from this test standard,are set out in the Technical Supply Specifications, SAIC Motor standards and drawings depending on the component position or material.
4　 试验方法

4 Test method
4.1　 原理
采用氙弧光灯对试样进行照射，并定期使试样保持潮湿。滤光器应使氙弧光灯发射的紫外线和可见光光谱可对试样进行球面辐射。
试验设备参照DIN EN ISO 4892-2 和 DIN EN ISO 11341
试验条件为紫外线平均波长 在(300 至 385) nm的湿热气候地带, 如佛罗里达。一年为一个试验周期。

4.1 Principle
Specimens shall be irradiated using Xenon arc light and periodically moistened. Filters shall be used to adapt the Xenon arc light to the global radiation with its spectral distribution of ultraviolet and visible radiation.
Testing shall be performed in devices according to DIN EN ISO 4892-2 and DIN EN ISO 11341.
The test conditions each describe a year cycle, referred to the average dose of UV radiation of (300 to 385) nm in moist, hot climate zones, e.g., Florida.
4.2　 试验设备
根据DIN EN ISO 4892-2 与 DIN EN ISO 11341进行试验设备选择。为了确保供应商和客户的试验结果具有可比性，用于试验的设备必须经上海汽车负责的实验室同意并认可。

4.2 Test equipment
Equipment according to DIN EN ISO 4892-2 and DIN EN ISO 11341 shall be used. To ensure that the test results of the suppliers and purchaser are comparable, the make to be used for the test must be agreed with the responsible laboratory of the SAIC Motor.
4.3　 光照试验条件
为保持试验温度一致，特别是布莱克标准温度，有必要保持试验室恒温或为试验设备连接一个冷却单元。具体试验条件见表1。

4.3 Weathering conditions
See Table 1. To comply with the test temperatures and, in particular, the black standard temperatures, it may be necessary to keep the laboratory space at a constant temperature or to connect a cooling unit to the test equipment.
表1 Table 1

试验设备make
Xenotest
1200 CPS
Xenotest
alpha
Xenotest
Beta LM
Weather-O-Meter
Ci 3000
Ci 4000
Ci 5000
Suntest
XXL+
Q-Panel
滤光器
Filter
3 UV-
Spezial Suprax
可根据生产商的技术规范替换Replace according to
manufacturer's
specifications
Xenochrom 300可根据生产商的技术规范替换Replace according to
manufacturer's
specifications
Pyrex S / PyrexS
可根据生产
商技术规范的Replace according to
manufacturer's
specifications
涂上一层石英与300 nm 日光滤光器Coated quartz filter
and 300 nm daylight
filter
涂上一层石英与300 nm 日光滤光器Coated quartz filter and 300 nm daylight
filter
雨天周期Rain cycle
102：18
试样的旋转Specimen rotation
非旋转模式Non-turning mode
旋转模式 turning mode
布莱克标准温度Black standard
temperature (°C)
65±2
干燥状态下试样的温度Specimen chamber
temperature
in the dry
phase (°C)
35-45
干燥状态下相对湿度Relative humidity in the
dry phase (%)
60-80
辐射强度Intensity of irradiation
(W/m²)
(nm)
(受控)
60
300-340
(受控)
0.5
340
300~400
试验时间
（近似值）Test duration
(approximate value)（h）
1600
辐射量
(一年为周期) Irradiation dose(1 year cycle) (MJ/m²)
350
2.9
350

4.4　 试验样品

4.4 Specimen
4.4.1 试样制备
试样应选取零件具有代表性的区域或标准生产条件下制造的样片。试样应尽量保持平整。只要整个零部件尺寸不超过试验设备试样台的尺寸均可进行测试。但必须保证试样台上面向辐射光照射方向的试样表面凸出不能超过10mm。试样应在试样台上受到保护，一半以上的试样表面应被金属膜片覆盖。
为测试力学性能的变化,。如，通过拉伸试样和冲击阻力测试。如，通过拉伸试样和冲击阻力试验。试样应按照各自的试验程序或标准上的定义制备。
喷涂油漆以及类似的涂层应采用最底层进行试验。
对于油漆材料的试验，应采用标准生产条件（应用方法，烘干方法以及涂层厚度）下生产的涂层试样。

4.4.1 Specimen preparation
The specimens shall be taken from a representative portion of the finished part to be tested or of specimen sheets manufactured under standard production conditions. They shall be as flat as possible.
As long as the apparatus-dependent specimen carrier size is not exceeded, complete components may also be tested. However, it is important to ensure that the surface to be tested does not project more than 10 mm over the specimen carrier plane. The specimen shall be secured on the specimen carrier. One half of the specimen's surface shall be covered with a sheet metal mask.
In order to test the change in mechanical properties, e.g., by means of tensile tests and determination of the impact resistance, the specimens shall be made in a size that is required for the respective
test procedure or that is prescribed in standards.
Paintwork and similar coatings shall be tested always on the substrate to be used.
For the test of paint materials, sample coatings shall be produced under
standard production conditions (application
method, drying method, and coating
thickness).
4.4.2 试样尺寸
样品尺寸应与原始样品台夹具的最大测试面积一致。 因此，以下尺寸将可用到：

Xenotest 1200 CPS (175 x 60) mm
Xenotest alpha (130 x 40) mm
Weather-O-meter Ci 3000 (130 x 45) mm
Weather-O-meter Ci 3000 and Ci4000 (1450 x 70) mm
Suntest XXL+ (135 x 45) mm
Q-Panel (135 x 45) mm

选择的样品的尺寸应足够大，以确保能使用指定的程序来完成正确的评定。

4.4.2 Specimen size
The specimen size shall be in accordance with the maximum clampable test surfaces in the original specimen carriers. Thus, the following would apply:

Xenotest 1200 CPS (175 x 60) mm

Xenotest alpha (140 x 40) mm

Weather-O-meter Ci 3000 (130 x 45) mm

Weather-O-meter Ci 3000, Ci4000
(1450 x 70) mm

Suntest XXL+ (135 x 45) mm

Q-Panel (135 x 45) mm

The selected specimen size shall be sufficiently large to ensure that proper evaluation can be performed with the designated procedures.
4.4.3 试样台
仅适用于 Xenotest 1200 CPS：为使试样台三个平面均获得均匀的辐射强度，倾向于采用不能旋转的试样台 。
对Suntest XXL+ 和 Q-Panel Xenotest 设备，应采用能每200小时按顺时针旋转的试样架，以确保试验获得均匀的光照。

4.4.3 Specimen carriers
Only for Xenotest 1200 CPS: Bent non-turning carriers shall be used in order to achieve an even intensity of irradiation over all three specimen carrier planes.
For the Suntest XXL+ and Q-Panel Xenotest equipment types, it shall be ensured that the specimenframes are rotated clockwise every 200 h in order to achieve uniform weathering of the specimens.
4.5 光照试验

4.5 Weathering test
4.5.1 滤光器的清洗
过滤系统应定期的检查与清洗。

4.5.1 Cleaning the filters
The filter systems shall be checked and cleaned at regular intervals.
4.5.2 辐照器的替换
对于不可调整类型设备，辐照器的最长操作时间为1 500小时。但是，可调整类型设备的操作时间可延长至设备的可控极限。

4.5.2 Replacing the irradiator
The maximum operating time of the irradiator for non-adjustable equipment types is 1 500 h. However, the operating time for adjustable equipment types may be extended up to the control limit.
4.5.3 喷射水
为避免试样沉积而导致评定变得复杂，应采用电导率£ 0,2μS，蒸发残渣< 1 ppm的蒸馏水或去离子水以及不含硅酸盐的水对试样进行冲洗。

4.5.3 Spray water
To avoid deposits on the specimen, which can complicate the evaluation, distilled or deionized, silicate-free water with a conductance of £ 0,2 μS and an evaporation residue of < 1 ppm shall be used.
4.5.4 光照周期
在经过规定试验后（推荐值见表1），当达到规定的UV辐射强度/辐射量后, 大气暴露周期结束。为确保获得均匀的辐射强度,应使用Atlas生产的Xenocal设备每周检查一次。对于Q-Panel设备, 可采用合适的传感器进行检查。

4.5.4 Weathering cycle
The end of a weathering cycle is reached for a specified intensity of UV irradiation and radiation dose after a specific test duration (approximate value; see Table 1). To ensure even intensity of irradiation, this shall be checked weekly with the Xenocal made by Atlas. In the Q-Panel equipment, this is checked with appropriate
sensors.
4.6 试样的评定

4.6 Evaluating the specimens
4.6.1 目视评定
颜色与光泽上的变化，通过与先前覆盖的表面或一个未经光照的参考试样进行对比，根据DIN EN 20105-A02采用灰度级评定 “颜色上的变化”。在照明条件下根据 DIN EN ISO 105-A01评定或间接的照明下，通过几位具有经验但普通视力的专家进行评定 (至少2位)。
并不需要根据DIN EN ISO 4628-1中所描述的测试方法来评定发生的变化。

4.6.1 Visual evaluation
Changes in color and gloss shall be compared against the previously covered surface or an unexposed reference specimen with the gray scale to evaluate the “change in color” according to DIN EN 20105-A02 under lighting according to DIN EN ISO 105-A01 or indirect daylight by several proficient normal-sighted people (at least two).
Changes that need not be evaluated by means of measurements are described according to DIN EN ISO 4628-1.
4.6.2 色度的评定
除了目视评定之外, 应根据SMTC 30513定义的流程，根据CIELAB (DIN 6174)定义的分光光度计进行除光泽度值外其他色度的评定。
在必要时，应根据DIN EN 20105-A02将试验结果转换为灰度级。根据DIN 6167进行泛黄至黄的评定。
对于单一颜色和同质表面，至少使用三种测量法以取平均值。对于多种颜色，结构或非均质的试样，应增加测量的方法来获得平均值。

4.6.2 Colorimetric evaluation
In addition to the visual evaluation, a colorimetric evaluation using a spectrophotometer according to CIELAB (DIN 6174), excluding the gloss value, shall be conducted according to a procedure
specified in SMTC 30513.
If required, the result shall be converted to gray-scale levels according to DIN EN 20105-A02, and for yellowing to yellow values according to DIN 6167.
For single-color and homogenous surfaces, at least three measurements shall be averaged. For multicolored, structured or anisotropically scattering specimens, the number of measurements to be averaged shall be increased.
4.6.3 光泽的评定
光泽可根据DIN 67530通过反射计值进行评定。 光照后的光泽改变采用%表示。

4.6.3 Evaluation of gloss
Gloss shall be measured as a reflectometer value according to DIN 67530, and the change after weathering shall be expressed in %.
4.7 试验报告
若是相应的技术供货条件/上海汽车标准/图纸所必须的, 与本试验标准有关的以下信息应在试验报告中指定出来。
a) 试验设备
b) 总的试验周期
c) 颜色变化: 灰度级/dE/dL/da/db
d) 任何颜色的改变
e) 根据DIN 6167 评定的黄色值
f) 光泽的变化
g) 额外的观测报告和变化， 比如裂纹，污点，渗出物，粉化等
h) 任何与本试验规范有偏差，但取得一致意见的条件

4.7 Test report
If required in the corresponding Technical Supply Specification/SAIC Motor standard/drawing, the following information shall be specified in the test report with reference to this test standard:
a) Test equipment
b) Total test duration
c) Color change: gray-scale level/dE/dL/da/db
d) Any color shift
e) Yellow value according to DIN 6167
f) Change in gloss
g) Additional observations and changes such as cracks, spotting, exudations, chalking, etc.
h) Any agreed upon conditions that deviate from this Test Specification.